Manipulating the morphology of poly (ethylene terephthlate) blends by capillary rheometry

The present work describes the formation of co-continuous phase morphologies in uncompatibilized and compatibilized poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET)/poly(m-xylene adipamide) (MXD6) melt-extruded blends. Phase continuity has been determined by using Jordhamo relationship. Viscosity values which are essential for calculation of the phase continuity have been obtained by using capillary rheometry. Phase continuity has been investigated for the non-compatibilized and the compatibilized blends with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). PET/MXD6 blends (92.35/7.65 v/v and 84.5/15.5 v/v) exhibit a droplet-in-matrix phase morphology, while uncompatibilized PET/MXD6 (75.8/24.2 v/v) blend has a combination of rod-like, droplet/matrix structure, and quasi-interpenetrating network structure

Culture, Socio-Economic Development, and Refugee Immigration: A Spatial Analysis of the 2017 Referendum in Turkey

The 2017 referendum on controversial constitutional amendments witnessed a fierce competition in Turkey. Despite the joint campaign of AK Party (current ruling party) and MHP (nationalist party), the electoral outcome yielded only a slight edge for accepting the amendments (Yes 51%, No 49%). Why was there such a narrow margin of victory? What explains the defection among MHP voters at the aggregate level? Our paper examines these questions through a unique dataset along with spatiallyautoregressive and multilevel modeling techniques. We collect the sub-provincial and provincial level electoral results since 2002, and match them with the 2004 socioeconomic development data from the Ministry of Development and the 2017 development data from the Ministry of Health. In addition, we add provincial level mosque information, and sub-provincial level official Syrian refugee numbers to the dataset. The advanced geospatial and multilevel models show strong empirical support for our hypotheses. Cultural indicators are as likely as socioeconomic features to explain the 2017 referendum results in Turkey after controlling for political factors. The number of Syrian refugees in provinces diminishes the level of support for “yes” whereas the number of mosques boosts its support. The refugee migration also explains the MHP voters who defected in the referendum: the higher the number of refugees in a sub-province, the more likely that the voters in that sub-province vote against the constitutional amendments. All models show that voting in Turkey has considerable levels of spatial dependency - the neighborhood matters

Predicting the Resilience of the Health Care System to New Arrivals: The Case of the Public Health System of Turkey

Purpose/Objectives: Since the start of the Syrian war, a significant population has moved out of the Syrian Republic into its neighborhood environs. Turkey has had a significant effect on its health system and society, as a significant new number has entered the Turkish society, increasingly using the Turkish healthcare system. Our aim is not only to numerically identify the size of the effect to the Turkish system, but to identify the domestic resources that allow the Turkish healthcare system and society to build up resilience against the significant health demand shock. The main objectives of this study is 1) To understand whether there is a complementarity between the earlier efforts in the Turkish health system and the current capabilities that is necessary to meet the Syrian Populations Health Needs. 2) To understand if the newly revamped Turkish Primary Healthcare System Provide a crucial buffer for the negative congestion effects that could have been caused by such a significant and relatively unhealthy refugee population being integrated into the health system, at a relatively rapid pace. Research method: The main two outcomes that the analysis plans to predict are the changing efficiency and the changing user satisfaction of the Turkish health system. Using multi-level regression models (MLO) we (i) Start by looking at the effect of the Syrian effect on the crucial Turkish health parameters, following this by (ii) Looking at the factors of family health program introduction, and family health system utilization to look at how the functionality of the health system, and the satisfaction that it brings to the Turkish population is being affected. We used fixed effect model to remove unobserved heterogeneity in each province (model specification in Appendix 1). We have controlled for health system variables (public primary physicians per 10,000; public hospital specialists per 10,000; public hospitals per 10,000; public PHC centres per 10,000; and the presence of a university hospital in the province) as well as population characteristics (rural population (%); population aged 65 and over (%); population aged 14 and under (%); and the province population). Because demographic data was available only for the years 2007-12, it was linearly extrapolated for the years 2002-6 and 13. The penetration of family medicine model in each province was measured by an indicator variable (0,1) for whether the MLO model was introduced, and the number of years since the introduction of the MLO model. The Syrian effect was measured through the proportion of Syrians under temporary protection status to the domestic province population. Main results: The health system status of the Turkish population is unaffected in the large period from 2011-2016. The significant effect in the initial period was significantly alleviated in the intervening years. The main sources of resilience were found to be the changing importance of the alternative primary health system that allowed Turks to receive a new option to the secondary part of the Turkish health system that was increasingly congested. Increasing use of the immunization for the same goal is also substantiated for the Turkish population. Recommendations: Turkey’s experience is instructive for a lot of the middle income countries, which can face similar refugee and migrant pressure in the next 50 years. The health systems priority to UHC and to (relative) open access that it offered to its citizen population and its outside populations alike, has served its efficacy in good stead. The health system must create enough elasticity to limit a drop in health system satisfaction and health system utilization in either of these critical populations

Može li potrošnja Kargi Tulum sira zadovoljiti dnevne potrebe za mineralima i elementima u tragovima?

The mineral and trace elements of Kargı Tulum cheese are investigated during the ripening period of 90 days. Calcium, potassium, phosphorus, sodium, magnesium, manganese, copper, zinc and iron quantities were determined by simultaneous inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The effect of maturation time on the sodium, phosphor and potassium content of cheese samples has been found to be statistically significant (p<0.05). Magnesium and calcium levels during ripening period showed significant statistical difference (p<0.01). Copper values of cheese samples demonstrated an increase throughout 90-day maturation time. The effect of maturation time on manganese and zinc value has been found to be statistically significant (p<0.05). According to obtained data, by consuming 100 g Kargı Tulum cheese in daily period, an adult can provide a remarkable portion of his/her minerals needs.Sadržaj minerala i elemenata u tragovima Kargi Tulum sira je istraživan tijekom zrenja od 90 dana. Kalcij, kalij, fosfor, natrij, magnezij, mangan, bakar, cink i željezo su analizirani induktivnom plazmatskom emisijskom spektrometrijom (ICP-OES). Utjecaj zrenja na koncentraciju natrija, fosfora i kalija u siru bio je statistički značajan (p<0.05), a magnezija i kalcija (p<0.01). Koncentracija bakra se povećala tijekom razdoblja zrenja. Utjecaj zrenja na koncentraciju mangana i cinka također je bio statistički značajan (p<0.05). S obzirom na utvrđene vrijednosti, evidentno je da konzumacijom 100 g Kargi Tulum sira odrasla osoba može značajno doprinijeti unosu preporučenih doza minerala

The Case of MRI Repetitions with Direct and Indirect Cost Implications: Evidence from Hacettepe University Hospitals

This study investigates the case of repeated MRIs using data from Hacettepe University Hospitals. Results indicate that almost 34% of MRI consultations have to be repeated within the same year due to suboptimal quality that hinders correct assessment and diagnosis. Suboptimal quality refers to; movement artefacts, use of wrong scan technique or sequence, inexperienced reader and/or shortened time intervals. In fact, almost 30% of those repetitions result in a change in diagnosis. Results suggest that the probability of repetition is higher among women and children

Apsces u mozgu belog west highland terijera izazvan bakterijom Trueperella pyogenes

Cerebral abscesses are occasionally seen in animals, however are rare in dogs. Among the pyogenic bacteria causing cerebral abscesses Trueperella pyogenes is relatively scarce. In this report, a case of T. pyogenes induced cerebral abscess in a West Highland White Terrier was presented with histopathological and bacteriological findings. Two foci of cerebral abscesses located at the level of the thalamus, and the frontal and temporal lobes were described on necropsy. Severe suppurative meningoencephalitis and ventriculitis were noted on microscopic view. T. pyogenes was isolated and identified in bacteriological investigation. This report states that T. pyogenes can be a causative agent of cerebral abscesses in dogs.Cerebralni apscesi se povremeno nalaze kod životinja, međutim retko se sreću kod pasa. Pored ostalih piogenih bakterija koje izazivaju cerebralne apscese, relativno retko se nalazi Trueperella pyogenes vrsta. U radu je prikazan slučaj cerebranog apscesa kod belog West Highland terijera, izazvan sa Trueperella pyogenes, zajedno sa histopatološkim i bakteriološkim nalazima. Prilikom obdukcije, opisana su dva fokusa cerebralnih apscesa, locirana na nivou talamusa uz opis frontalnih i tempralnih lobusa. Prilikom mikroskopskog pregleda, uočeni su težak gnojni meningoencefalitis i ventrikulitis. Bakteriološkim pregledom, identifi kovan je Trueperella pyogenes. Ovaj izveštaj ukazuje da Trueperella pyogenes može da bude etiološki faktor cerebralnih apscesa kod pasa

Planimetry investigation of the corpus callosum in temporal lobe epilepsy patients

Objective: To evaluate the effects of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) on corpus callosum (CC) morphometry in patients with TLE. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at the Faculty of Medicine, Tekirdag Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey between November 2010 and December 2013. The epileptic syndrome diagnosis was based on International League Against Epilepsy criteria, and this study was conducted on the MRIs of 25 epilepsy patients and 25 control subjects. We classified the patients according to their duration of epilepsy: = 10 years. The projection area length (PAL) of the CC was also estimated. Total brain volumes (TBV) were measured on CT images. Results: The mean values of TBV for patients with TLE and the control group were not statistically different, but the CC PAL values were statistically different. The mean CC PAL values of under and over 25 years of age in patients with TLE were statistically different. The mean values of TBV of under and over 10 years duration of TLE were small statistically, but the CC PAL values were statistically different. Conclusion: The results indicate a clear influence of TLE on the structure of the CC rather than TBV

Experimental investigation of delamination factor of glass sphere reinforced polypropylene composite materials

Bu çalışmada, cam küre takviye fazlı polimer matrisli kompozit malzemenin delinmesi sonucu ortaya çıkan delaminasyon faktörünün etkileri deneysel olarak incelenmiştir. Takviye fazı olarak ağırlıkça %5, %10 ve %20 takviye oranında cam küre kullanılmıştır. Matris malzemesi olarak Polipropilen tercih edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, kesme hızı ve ilerleme arttıkça delaminasyon miktarında yükselmeler meydana gelmiştir. Elde edilen en düşük delaminasyon miktarı (1.18) 0.05 mm/devir ilerleme ve 15m/dk kesme hızında karbür takım türü ile elde edilmiştir. Ayrıca, kompozit içerisindeki takviye miktarı arttıkça delaminasyon faktörünün de yükseldiği saptanmıştır. En düşük delaminasyon miktarı %5 cam küre takviye içeren kompozit malzemede olmuştur.In this study, the effect of delamination factor on glass-spherical reinforced polymer composite material was investigated. Glass sphere was used as reinforcement phase with a reinforcement rate of 5%, 10% and 20% by weight. Polypropylene is preferred as matrix material. According to the results, there was an increase in the amount of delamination as the cutting speed and feed rate increased. The lowest amount of delamination (1.18) was obtained in carbide tool type with 0.05 mm/rev feed and 15 m/min cutting speed. Also, it was found out that the amount of reinforcement in the composite increased as the amount of the delamination factor increased. The lowest amount of delamination was in composite material containing 5% glass sphere reinforcement

An investigation on usage of sodium borohydride and zinc oxide as oxygen scavengers in polyethylene terephthalate films

The aim of this work is the production and characterisation of a plastic film having active oxygen barrier properties. The films have been obtained by adding an oxygen scavenger (either sodium borohydride (NaBH4) or zinc oxide (ZnO)) into a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) matrix during the extrusion process. In order to investigate the activity of the scavengers used, the produced films have been subjected to permeability measurements. It was revealed that NaBH4 - though a strong reductive agent didn't cause any degradation in matrix polymer but served as an ineffective oxygen scavenger as in the case of ZnO