The Effect of 12-Week Regular Pilates, Step and Zumba Training Program on Muscle and Fat Weight

This study aimed to investigate the effect of Pilates, Step and Zumba exercises on muscle and fat weight in arms, legs, core abdominal area, and total body.A total of 60 women aged 19 to 62 participated in the study. The mean age was 45±10 years, height was 160±5 cm and weight was 72.31±11.12 kg. Pilates, Step and Zumba exercise program was applied three days a week for a total of 12 weeks. Regional and total muscle and fat weights in the body were analyzed by TANITA MC780. Statistical significance level was determined as p0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between pre-posttest muscle weights in arms, legs, core abdominal area and total body in Step and Zumba exercises group (p>0.05). In Pilates and Step exercise groups, there is a statistically significant difference between pre-posttest fat weights in arms, legs, core abdominal area and total body (p0.05). Pilates, Step and Zumba exercises groups were evaluated among themselves, there was no difference in terms of the arm, leg, core abdominal area, and total body muscle weights both in the pre-post tests (p>0.05). There was a statistically significant difference between all groups in terms of the arm, leg, core abdominal area and total body fat weights in both pre-posttests (p<0.05).Pilates and Step exercises can be recommended to women who want to reduce their weight on arms, legs, core abdominal area and total body fat lose weight

The Effects of Pilates, Step and Zumba Exercises on Self-esteem, Happiness and Communication Skill Levels

The aim of this study is to examine the self-esteem, happiness and communication skills of women who participated in pilates, step and zumba exercise programs. A total of 54 women participated in the study. Pilates, step and zumba exercise program was applied three days a week for a total of 12 weeks. As a data col lection tool in research; personal information form, Rosenberg self-esteem scale consisting of 10 items, which was adapted to Turkish by Cuhadaroğlu (1986) the scale of communication skills created by Korkut-Owen and Bugay (2014) consisting of 25 items, and the scale of happiness created by Demirci (2017) composed of 6 items. When the self-esteem, happiness level and communication skills scale scores of the participants in the pilates exercise program are examined, there is a statistically significant difference between the pre-posttest values (p&lt;0.05). When the self-esteem scale scores of the participants in step and zumba exercise program were examined, there was no statistically significant difference between the pre-posttest values (p&gt;0.05). When the happiness level and communication skills scale scores of the participants in step and zumba exercise program were examined, statistically significant difference was observed between the pre-posttest (p&lt;0.05). Pilates exercise program positively affects self-esteem, happiness and communication skills. Step and zumba exercise programs have no effect on self-esteem. Step and zumba exercise program positively affect the level of happiness and communication skills. It is recommended that women participate in exercise programs such as pilates, step and zumba

Investıgatıons on Emotıonal Intellıgence and Leadershıp Characterıstıcs of Indıvıduals Lackıng Sport Habıts and Athletes Dealıng Wıth Indıvıdual and Team Sports

Bu araştırmada, bireysel ve takım sporuyla uğraşan sporcular ile spor yapmayan bireylerin duygusal zekâ ve liderlik düzeyleri arasında bir farklılık olup olmadığının incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma grubu Türkiye liglerinde çeşitli branşlarda elit düzeyde mücadele eden 403 sporcu ile 266 üniversite öğrencisinden oluşturulmuştur. Katılımcılara Bar-On (1997) tarafından geliştirilen ve Acar (2001) tarafından yeniden düzenlenen Likert tipi Bar-On EQ-i Duygusal Zekâ Ölçeği, Lee . Bolman ve Terence . Deal (1991) tarafından geliştirilen 2002 yılında Türkçeye çevrilmesi ve geçerlilik güvenirliği Mahçe Dereli tarafından yapılan Liderlik Yönelim Ölçeği ve Kişisel Bilgiler Formu uygulanmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde; frekans, aritmetik ortalama, standart sapma, ölçekler için Cronbach Alpha güvenirlik katsayısı, bağımsız gruplar için t-testi, tek yönlü varyans analizi (ANOVA), Tukey HSD ve Pearson Korelasyon Katsayısı analizi yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırma bulgularına göre, araştırmaya katılan grupların, Duygusal Zekâ ve Liderlik Yönelim Ölçek puanları incelendiğinde, sporculara oranla spor yapmayan bireylerin puanlarının daha yüksek olduğu ve aralarındaki farkın istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olduğu görülmüştür. Araştırmaya katılan grupların cinsiyete göre, Duygusal Zekâ ve Liderlik puanları incelendiğinde kadın katılımcıların puanlarının, erkek katılımcılara oranla daha yüksek olduğu görülmüştür. Araştırmamızda araştırmaya katılan gruplar arasında yaşa göre duygusal zekâ ve liderlik düzeylerinde anlamlı farklılıklar görülmüştürIn this study, we aimed to investigate whether there is a difference between individual and team levels of emotional intelligence and leadership of individuals who engage in sports with athletes involved in sports. Research group was formed 403 athletes who compete in the elite league level in various fields in Turkey with students from 266 universities. Participants was applied Likert-type "Bar-On (EQ) Emotional Intelligence Scale" developed by Bar-On (1997), and by revised Acar (2001), Leadership Orientation Scale and "Personal Information Form" by developed Lee . Bolman and Terrence . Deal (1991), Leadership Orientation Scale that the reliability and validity translated into Turkish by made Mahçe Dereli in 2002 and "Personal Information Form". The evaluation of the data was used frequency, mean, standard deviation, Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient for the measure, t-test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for independent groups, HSD and Pearson Correlation Coefficient analysis methods. According to the findings, it was found to be statistically significant the groups surveyed that It had higher scores and the difference between it was found to be statistically significant when Emotional Intelligence and Leadership Orientation Scale scores were examined of individuals who engage in sports compared to athletes. By sex groups surveyed, when Emotional Intelligence and Leadership points are examined, it was found to be higher the women participants compared to male participants' scores. In our study, among the groups surveyed by age were observed significant differences emotional intelligence and leadership leve

EXAMINATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERCEIVED STRESS AND GASTROINTESTINAL SYMPTOM: DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH

Amaç: Öğrenciler, gerek eğitim döneminde yaşadıkları sınav, ders geçme gibi stresörler, gerekse mezuniyet sonrası yaşadıkları gelecek kaygısı nedeniyle çeşitli streslere maruz kalmaktadırlar. Üniversite öğrencilerinin yaşadığı stres ve bununla ilintili olan fiziksel etkilerine dair sınırlı sayıda çalışma bulunmaktadır. Araştırmamızın amacı, Beden eğitimi ve Spor Yüksekokulu öğrencilerinin algılanan stres düzeyleri ve gastrointestinal semptomlar arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir.Çalışma Planı: Tanımlayıcı tipte planlanan bu çalışma, Anadolu Bölgesi'nde bir üniversiteye bağlı Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Yüksekokulu'nda yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın evrenini yüksekokulda bulunan üç bölümde kayıtlı olan toplam 390 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmada kullanılan ankete, kişisel bilgi içeren sorular dışında Algılanan Stres Ölçeği ve Gastrointestinal Semptomlar Anketi kullanılmıştır. Gastrointestinal (Gİ) semptomları olan ve olmayan ile algılanan stres çeyrekleri gruplar arasında kategorik değişkenlerin karşılaştırılması Ki-kare Testi kullanılarak analiz yapılmıştır. İkili analizlerde anlamlı bulunan değişkenlere lojistik regresyon analizi uygulanmıştır.Bulgular: Öğrencilerin, algılanan stres düzeyleri ortalaması 18,98±4,80 olarak saptanmıştır. Algılanan stres düzeyi çeyreklik bölümleri yükseldikçe gastrointestinal semptomların görülme oranı da artmakta olduğu görülmüştür. Çalışmaya katılan öğrencilerin %68,2'si en az bir kez gastrointestinal semptom yaşadığını belirtmiştir. Öğrencilerin, %24,3'ü özofagus semptomlarından, %47,4'ü üst dismotilite semptomlarından, %50,8'i bağırsak semptomlarından en az bir adedini yaşadıklarını belirtmişlerdir. Gastrointestinal semptomlarının olmasını, stres düzeyinin en yüksek grupta olması 2,1 kat daha yüksek risk olduğu bulunmuştur.Tartışma: Araştırmaya katılan öğrencilerin çoğunluğunda gastrointestinal semptomların görüldüğü belirlenmiştir. Algılanan stres ile fiziksel etkilerinden biri olan gastrointestinal semptomlar arasında ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Algılanan stresin azaltılabilmesi için, öğrencilere stres yönetimi ve stresle başa çıkma gibi konularda ders müfredatına veya eğitim dönemi içerisinde ilgili seminerler veya toplantılar yapılmasının uygun olacağını düşünmektedir.Objectives: Students are exposed to various stressors like exams, pressure to passi courses and/or concern for their future after the graduation. There is a limited number of studies on the stress experienced by university students and the physical effects associated with them. The aim of our study is to analyze the stress levels of students of the School of Physical Education and Sports, and their relationship to gastrointestinal symptoms. Study Design: This descriptive study was conducted in the School of Physical Education and Sports at a college located in the Anatolian region of Turkey. The population of this study consisted of 390 students who were registered at college. Perceived Stress Index and Gastrointestinal Symptoms Survey were used in addition to a survey which contained personal questions. Chisquare tests, Fisher's exact test, and logistic regression analysis were performed using SPSS 17.0. Logistic regression analysis was applied to the variables that were significant in binary analyzes.Results: Students' perceived stress level mean was found to be 18.98±4.80. Students who reported higher perceived stress levels were significantly more likely to complain of GI symptoms. Over two thirds (68.2%) of participants indicated that they have at least one gastrointestinal symptom. Moreover, 24.3% of students stated they have at least one esophageal symptom while 47.4% stated having at least one symptom of dysmotility and 50.8% mentioned having at least one intestinal symptom. Conclusion: Gastrointestinal symptoms were found among the majority of students who participated in the study. A relationship was found between perceived stress and gastrointestinal symptoms. Subjects such as stress management or overcoming stress should be added to syllabus or seminars related to those subjects should be arranged during the school year to reduce perceived stress levels