Obtention of new ornamental leaf variants of giant reed (Arundo donax L.) originated from somatic embryogenesis and their photosynthetic parameters

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Green biomass of perennial crops as valuable source of protein and phytonutrients

Long-term predictable and reliable protein supply for food and feed production is one of the great challenges of today's agriculture both in Hungary and other EU countries. Considering economical, ethical, environmental and ecological aspects of food/feed proteins it is urgent to find alternative sources with technologies besides soy. Among alternative plantbased protein the green biomass has gained an intensive attention. Hungary is self-sufficient in alfalfa and grasses as dedicated green protein source. At the same time green biomass of alfalfa is more than only protein source, it is a rich repository of essential fatty acids and phytonutrients. The quality and quantity of phytochemicals partially depending on the processing of green biomass. After wet fractionation leaf protein concentrate (LPC) as potenital final product can be obtained from the green juice fraction using any coagulation method. The theoretical basis of this process is included in the concept of green biorefinery. In our work the phytochemical composition of fractionated alfalfa green biomass was evaluated, with special regard to LPC fraction as directly exploitable, protein-rich (40 – 45 m/m% N) feed/food source. UHPLC-ESI-MS was applied to identify different phytonutrients. The phenolic compounds were significant part of the identified compounds. Among flavonoids 2 flavones were dominant mostly in the forms of glucosides. Just few flavone aglycones could be identified such as apigenin and luteolin. Hydroxylated methoxyflavone could be isolated from green juice and fiber fractions. Three isoflavones were found such as ononin; alfalone and formonetin. Nine saponins could be identified and seven unknown saponin aglcyons

Biological changes of green pea (Pisum sativum L.) by selenium enrichment

Supplement of common fertilizers with selenium (Se) for crop production will be an effective way to produce selenium-rich food and feed. The value of green pea seeds and forages as alternative protein source can be improved by using agronomic biofortification. Therefore, biological changes of green pea (Pisum sativum L.) and influences of inorganic forms of Se (sodium selenite and sodium selenate) at different concentrations on the accumulation of magnesium (Mg) and phosphorus (P) were investigated in greenhouse experiment. 3 mg kg−1 of selenite had positive effects to enhance photosynthetic attributes and decrease lipid peroxidation significantly. At the same time, Se accumulation increased in all parts of plant by increasing Se supply. Moreover, Mg and P accumulations were significantly increased at 3 mg kg−1 selenite and 1 mg kg−1 selenate treatments, respectively. By contrast higher selenite concentrations (≥30 mg kg−1) exerted toxic effects on plants. Relative chlorophyll content, actual photochemical efficiency of PSII (ФPSII) and Mg accumulation showed significant decrease while membrane lipid peroxidation increased. Thus, the present findings prove Se biofortification has positive effects on biological traits of green pea to provide it as a proper functional product

In vitro comparative study of two Arundo donax L. ecotypes' selenium tolerance

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Refining high-quality leaf protein and valuable co-products from green biomass of Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) for sustainable protein supply

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Identification of Bioactive Phytochemicals in Leaf Protein Concentrate of Jerusalem Artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.)

Jerusalem artichoke (JA) is widely known to have inulin-rich tubers. However, its fresh aerial biomass produces significant levels of leaf protein and economic bioactive phytochemicals. We have characterized leaf protein concentrate (JAPC) isolated from green biomass of three Jerusalem artichoke clones, Alba, Fuseau, and Kalevala, and its nutritional value for the human diet or animal feeding. The JAPC yield varied from 28.6 to 31.2 g DM k

Ecotoxicology of Copper in Horticultural Soils: a Review

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Comparison of Wet Fractionation Methods for Processing Broccoli Agricultural Wastes and Evaluation of the Nutri-Chemical Values of Obtained Products

The main objective of this study was to increase the economic value of broccoli green agro-waste using three wet fractionation methods in the shadow of green biorefinery and the circular economy. Product candidates were obtained directly by using a mechanical press, and indirectly by using microwave coagulation or via lactic acid fermentation of green juice. The leaf protein concentrates (LPC) fractions displayed significantly higher dry matter content and crude protein content (34–39 m/m% on average) than the green juice fraction (27.4 m/m% on average), without considerable changes in the amino acids composition ratio. UHPLC-ESI-ORBITRAP-MS/MS analysis showed that kaemferol and quercetin are the most abundant flavonols, forming complexes with glycosides and hydroxycinnamic acids in green juice. Lacto-ermentation induced a considerable increase in the quantity of quercetin (48.75 μg·g−1 dry weight) and kaempferol aglycons (895.26 μg·g−1 dry weight) of LPC. In contrast, chlorogenic acid isomers and sulforaphane disappeared from LPC after lactic acid fermentation, while microwave treatment did not cause significant differences. These results confirm that both microwave treatment and lacto-fermentation coagulate and concentrate most of the soluble proteins. Also, these two processes affect the amount of valuable phytochemicals differently, so it should be considered when setting the goal