As espécies de Violaceae Batsch nativas no Estado do Paraná, Brasil

A família Violaceae Batsch pertence à subclasse Dillenideae, ordem Violales e no Brasil, a família está representada por aproximadamente 69 espécies subordinadas a 10 gêneros. O presente trabalho visa descrever as espécies ocorrentes no Estado do Paraná, indicando a área de ocorrência, apresentando chaves analíticas para identificação de gêneros e espécies, ilustrações, contribuindo para a flora deste Estado. A metodologia consiste no levantamento bibliográfico das descrições originais, coletas botânicas e análise morfológica de material depositado em diversos herbários nacionais. Foram confirmadas para o Estado do Paraná as seguintes espécies: Anchietea pyrifolia (Mart.) G. Don, Hybanthus atropurpureus (A. St.-Hil.) Taub., Hybanthus bigibbosus (A. St.- Hil.) Hassl., Hybanthus brevicaulis (Mart.) Baill., Hybanthus communis (A. St.-Hil.) Taub., Hybanthus parviflorus (Mutis ex. L.f.) Baill., Hybanthus velutinus Schulze-Menz, Noisettia orchidiflora (Rudge) Ging., Viola cerasifolia A. St.-Hil. e Viola gracillima A. St.-Hil. ABSTRACT The family Violaceae Batsch belongs to the subclass Dillenideae, order Violales, and in Brazil, the family is represented by about 69 species subordinated to 10 genera. This research was carried out based on botanical samples deposited in brazilian herbaria, concerning bibliographies and comparison with original descriptions of the species. This work includes descriptions of the all species found in the Brazilian State of Paraná, identification keys of genera and species, illustrations, geographic distribution maps and commentaries. From about 69 species and 10 genera of Violaceae presenty known in Brazil flora, 10 species and 5 genera are confirmed occurring in the Paraná State: Anchietea pyrifolia (Mart.)G.Don, Hybanthus atropurpureus (A. St.-Hil.)Taub., Hybanthus bigibbosus (A. St.-Hil.)Hassl., Hybanthus brevicaulis (Mart.)Baill., Hybanthus communis (A. St.-Hil.)Taub., Hybanthus parviflorus (mutis ex L.f.)Baill., Hybanthus velutinus Schulze-Menz, Noisettia orchidiflora (Rudge) Ging., Viola cerasifolia (A. St.-Hil.) and Viola gracillima (A. St.-Hil.). RÉSUMÉ La famille Violaceae Batsch que appartient à la sous-classe Dillenideae, ordre Violales, et au Brésil, la famille est représentée par approximativement 69 espèces ont subordonné à 10 genrens. Cette recherche a été exécutée a basé sur échantillons botaniques déposés dans herbiers du Brésil, à propos de bibliographies et comparaison avec descriptions originales de l'espèce. Ce travail inclut des descriptions du toutes les espèces ont trouvé dans l'État du Paraná, l'identification accorde de gerens et espèces, illustrations, cartes de la distribution géographiques et commentaires. D'approximativement 69 espèces et dix genres de Violaceae pour l'instant sus dans flore Brésil, dix espèces et cinq genres sont confirmés se produire dans l'État du Paraná: Anchietea pyrifolia (Marché. ) G. Don, Hybanthus atropurpureus (A. St.. -Hil.) Taub., Hybanthus bigibbosus (A. St..-Hil.) Hassl., Hybanthus brevicaulis (Marché.) Baill., Hybanthus communis (A. St..-Hil.) Taub., Hybanthus parviflorus (mutis ex L.f. ) Baill., Hybanthus velutinus Schulze-Menz, Noisettia orchidiflora (Rudge) Ging., Viola cerasifolia (A. St..-Hil.) et Viola gracillima (A. St..-Hil.)

Chemical composition and cytotoxic activity of the essential oils of Cantinoa stricta (Benth.) Harley & J.F.B. Pastore (Lamiaceae)

The essential oils from the leaves and flowers of Cantinoa stricta (Benth.) Harley & J.F.B. Pastore (Lamiaceae) were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC/FID and GC/ MS. The major components of both oils were caryophyllene oxide (leaf – 31.6%; flower – 21.7%) and cis-pinane (leaf – 15.4%; flower – 9.7%). The flower oil also contained significant amounts of a -pinene (9.4%) and b -pinene (9.1%). The oils were tested in vitro against U251 (glioma), UACC-62 (melanoma), MCF-7 (breast), NCI-H460 (lung), PC-3 (prostate), K-562 (leukemia) human cancer cell lines and against HaCat (no cancer cell), using the sulforhodamine B method. Both oils showed antiproliferative activity against all tested cells lines (TGI < 50 m g/mL), with exception of K562 cells. The highest activity was observed against MCF-7 cell lines (TGI = 4.54-10.36 m g/mL).10225726

Growing knowledge: an overview of Seed Plant diversity in Brazil

Abstract An updated inventory of Brazilian seed plants is presented and offers important insights into the country's biodiversity. This work started in 2010, with the publication of the Plants and Fungi Catalogue, and has been updated since by more than 430 specialists working online. Brazil is home to 32,086 native Angiosperms and 23 native Gymnosperms, showing an increase of 3% in its species richness in relation to 2010. The Amazon Rainforest is the richest Brazilian biome for Gymnosperms, while the Atlantic Rainforest is the richest one for Angiosperms. There was a considerable increment in the number of species and endemism rates for biomes, except for the Amazon that showed a decrease of 2.5% of recorded endemics. However, well over half of Brazillian seed plant species (57.4%) is endemic to this territory. The proportion of life-forms varies among different biomes: trees are more expressive in the Amazon and Atlantic Rainforest biomes while herbs predominate in the Pampa, and lianas are more expressive in the Amazon, Atlantic Rainforest, and Pantanal. This compilation serves not only to quantify Brazilian biodiversity, but also to highlight areas where there information is lacking and to provide a framework for the challenge faced in conserving Brazil's unique and diverse flora