Eudragit ® FS 30 D polymeric films containing chondroitin sulfate as candidates for use in coating seeking modified delivery of drugs

Polymeric films associating different concentrations of Eudragit(r) FS 30 D (EFS) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) were produced by casting for the development of a new target-specific site material. Formed films kept a final polymer mass of 4% (w/v) in the following proportions: EFS 100:00 CS (control), EFS 95:05 CS, EFS 90:10 CS and EFS 80:20 CS. They were analyzed for physical and chemical characteristics using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy. Furthermore, they were characterized by their water vapor permeability and degree of hydration at different conditions simulating the gastrointestinal tract. No chemical interactions were observed between CS and EFS, suggesting only a physical interaction between them in the different combinations tested. The results suggest that EFS and CS, when combined, may form films that are candidates for coating processes seeking a modified drug delivery, especially due to the synergism between pH dependency and specific biodegradability properties by the colonic microbiota. EFS 90:10 CS proved to be the most suitable for this purpose considering hydration and permeability characteristics of different associations analyzed

Polyethylene oxide biofilms incorporated into Plantago major extract as dressings for dermal lesion

Introduction: polyethylene oxide is a polymeric material with extensive biomedical applications, making it a great candidate in the production of wound dressings due to its hydrophilic and non-occlusive characteristic. Plantago major is a plant used in traditional medicine for centuries due to its healing and antioxidant activity. Objective: the development of a polyethylene oxide biofilms incorporating Plantago major extract, which aims to combine the healing and antioxidant properties of this plant with the physical and mechanical characteristics of the polymer, so that it can be used as wound dressings. Methodology: the crude extract of Plantago major was obtained by maceration with methanol; phytochemical screening was then performed to identify secondary metabolites. The antioxidant activity of the extract was evaluated in films containing only the polymer matrix and in films containing the extract. The films produced by the casting method were also evaluated for their morphology, water vapor transmission, swelling index, rate of degradation, and solubility. Results: the presence of tannins, steroids, and terpenes was identified in the extract. The developed films showed high solubility, water vapor transmission, and rate of degradation. The films containing Plantago major extract obtained a significant antioxidant activity. Conclusion: the films presented adequate characteristics to be used as wound dressings and, their high solubility, leads to the formation of a hydrogel when exposed to excess moisture, which allows it to be used for a range of lesions. Additionally, the incorporation of the extract provided antioxidant activity to the films, increasing their healing potential

Synthetic polyelectrolytes in the clarification of stevia aqueous extract Aplicação de polieletrólitos sintéticos na clarificação do extrato aquoso de estévia

The extract of stevia leaves is usually dark which demands a clarification in order to be accepted by sweetener consumers. One of the using techniques is the decantation, which requires the use of effective products for best results. In the market, flocculant products are available, such as: NOVUSTM CE2666 (cationic) and BETZDEARBORNTMF11 (anionic). When these products are used at a certain level of concentration, satisfactory results of decantation and consequent clarification are provided. The aim of this paper was to compare the performance of the best polymers by removal percentage (color and turbidity) and by the decantation speed. A Jar Test device was used and the concentration of coagulant (aluminum sulfate) and of polyelectrolytes were varied, as well as pH at 8,0, 9,0 and 10,0. Calcium oxide was applied in this phase. The best condition was obtained when the anionic polyelectrolyte was used, reaching a turbidity removal of 97%.O extrato das folhas de estévia são normalmente de cor escura, exigindo uma clarificação para que se apresente com aspecto aceitável frente aos consumidores de adoçantes. Dentre as técnicas utilizadas figura a decantação, a qual necessita, porém, de bons produtos para sua eficácia. No mercado estão disponíveis produtos floculantes, tais como: NOVUSTMCE2666 (catiônico) e BETZDEARBORNTMF11 (aniônico), que utilizados em determinadas concentrações proporcionam resultados satisfatórios de decantação e conseqüente clarificação. O objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar através da percentagem de despigmentação (cor e turbidez) e velocidade de decantação, qual o melhor polímero. Utilizando-se um aparelho de Jar Test, fez-se testes variando-se a concentração do coagulante (sulfato de alumínio e dos polieletrólitos e variou-se também o pH em 8,0, 9,0 e 10,0 aplicando-se óxido de cálcio. A melhor condição foi conseguida utilizando o polieletrólito aniônico onde atingiu-se 97% para a percentagem de despigmentação (turbidez)

Aplicação de polieletrólitos sintéticos na clarificação do extrato aquoso de estévia

O extrato das folhas de estévia são normalmente de cor escura, exigindo uma clarificação para que se apresente com aspecto aceitável frente aos consumidores de adoçantes. Dentre as técnicas utilizadas figura a decantação, a qual necessita, porém, de bons produtos para sua eficácia. No mercado estão disponíveis produtos floculantes, tais como: NOVUSTMCE2666 (catiônico) e BETZDEARBORNTMF11 (aniônico), que utilizados em determinadas concentrações proporcionam resultados satisfatórios de decantação e conseqüente clarificação. O objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar através da percentagem de despigmentação (cor e turbidez) e velocidade de decantação, qual o melhor polímero. Utilizando-se um aparelho de Jar Test, fez-se testes variando-se a concentração do coagulante (sulfato de alumínio e dos polieletrólitos e variou-se também o pH em 8,0, 9,0 e 10,0 aplicando-se óxido de cálcio. A melhor condição foi conseguida utilizando o polieletrólito aniônico onde atingiu-se 97% para a percentagem de despigmentação (turbidez)

Eudragit ® FS 30 D polymeric films containing chondroitin sulfate as candidates for use in coating seeking modified delivery of drugs

ABSTRACT Polymeric films associating different concentrations of Eudragit(r) FS 30 D (EFS) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) were produced by casting for the development of a new target-specific site material. Formed films kept a final polymer mass of 4% (w/v) in the following proportions: EFS 100:00 CS (control), EFS 95:05 CS, EFS 90:10 CS and EFS 80:20 CS. They were analyzed for physical and chemical characteristics using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy. Furthermore, they were characterized by their water vapor permeability and degree of hydration at different conditions simulating the gastrointestinal tract. No chemical interactions were observed between CS and EFS, suggesting only a physical interaction between them in the different combinations tested. The results suggest that EFS and CS, when combined, may form films that are candidates for coating processes seeking a modified drug delivery, especially due to the synergism between pH dependency and specific biodegradability properties by the colonic microbiota. EFS 90:10 CS proved to be the most suitable for this purpose considering hydration and permeability characteristics of different associations analyzed