Türk Biyokimya Dergisi

Characterization of polyphenol oxidase during three ripening stages of an eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) fruit: a local type in northeast Anatolia [Patlıcan (Solanum melongena L.) meyvesinin polifenol oksidazının üç olgunlaşma safhası boyunca karakterizasyonu: Doğu Anadolu' da yerel bir tip] ABSTRACT Objective: A relatively new local type of eggplant, Solanum melongena L. 'Kadife' is widely consumed in Turkey because of its economic availability and good nutritional qualities. However, the high polyphenol content of eggplant renders it susceptible to unattractive oxidative browning catalyzed by polyphenol oxides (PPOs). Therefore, the main aim of this study was to characterize PPO in this eggplant cultivar at three stages of its development. Methods: In this study, we determined substrate specificity, optimum pH and temperature, and optimum substrate concentration of the partial purified eggplant fruits PPO during ripening. Results: L-DOPA was proved to be the preferred PPO substrate in all three stages of ripening. Optimum activity was observed at pH 7.0 for PPO in extracts of ripening and overly-ripe eggplant, while activity in extracts of immature eggplant exhibited a broad pH optimum between, pH 5.0 and 7.0. In general, at all ripening stages, PPO was most active at 30°C and was most sensitive to inhibition by sodium metabisulphite and ascorbic acid. The metal ions (Hg ÖZET Amaç: Kısmen yeni bir yerel tip patlıcan çeşidi Solanum melongena L. 'Kadife', ekonomik uygunluğu ve iyi besin kalitesinden dolayı Türkiye'de yaygın olarak tüketilir. Bununla birlikte, patlıcanın yüksek polifenol içeriği, bu meyveyi polifenol oksidaz (PFO) tarafından katalizlenen istenmeyen oksidatif esmerleşmeye karşı duyarlı kılar. Dolayısıyla, bu çalışmanın temel amacı, gelişiminin üç safhasında bu patlıcan kültivarındaki PFO'yu karakterize etmektir. Metod: Bu çalışmada, olgunlaşma boyunca patlıcan meyvelerinden elde edilen kısmi saflaştı-rılmış PFO'nun substrat özgünlüğünü, optimum pH ve sıcaklığını, ve optimum substrat konsantrasyonunu belirledik. Bulgular: Olgunlaşmanın her üç safhasında, L-DOPA'nın tercih edilen PFO substratı olduğu ortaya konuldu. Olgunlaşmamış patlıcan özütlerinde optimum pH 5.0 ile 7.0 arasında geniş bir aktivite gösterirken olgun ve aşırı olgun patlıcan özütlerindeki PFO aktivitesi için optimum pH'nın 7.0 olduğu gözlendi. Genel olarak, tüm olgunlaşma safhalarında, PFO, 30°C'de en aktiftir ve inhibitör olarak sodyum metabisülfit ve askorbik aside oldukça duyarlıdır. Materials and Methods Plant material The seeds belonging to the eggplant (Solanum melongena) were obtained from local growers, but they have not certificated yet

Acute tubulointerstitial nephritis associated with antibiotic used on the backround secondary renal amyloidosis (AA)

Sekonder amiloidozis zemininde penisilin ve sefalosporine bağlı akut tübülointerstisyel nefritli bir olgu, tübülointerstisyel nefritin klinik tablosunun düzelmesine rağmen hemodiyalize bağımlı kalması nedeniyle tartışıldı. Renal biyopsi, amiolid depozisyonu zemininde mononükleer inflamatuar hücre infiltrasyonunu ve ciddi interstisyel fibrozisi gösterdi.A case of acute tubulointerstitial nephritis due to penicillin and cephalosporine on the background of secondary amyloidosis was discussed here because of hemodialysis dependency despite the amelioration of tubulointerstitial nephritis clinical Picture. Renal biopsy revealed mononuclear inflammatory cell infiltration and severe interstitial fibrosis on the background of amyloid deposition

Exogenous N-Acetylcysteine alleviates heavy metal stress by promoting phenolic acids to support antioxidant defence systems in wheat roots

Gruz, Jiri/0000-0002-8546-9697WOS: 000475411500007PubMed: 31170649N-acetylcysteine (N-Acetyl L-cysteine, NAC) is a thiol compound derived from the addition of the acetyl group to cysteine amino acid. NAC has been used as an antioxidant, free radical scavenger, and chelating agent for reducing the deleterious effects on plants of biotic and abiotic environmental stresses. It can also relieve heavy metal (HM) toxicity, although its alleviating mechanism remains unknown. In this study, we compared HM-stressed (Cu, Hg, Cd and Pb, 100 mu M each) wheat seedlings without NAC treatment and in combination with NAC (1 mM). In comparison to HMs alone, NAC treatment in combination with HMs (Cu, Cd, Hg and Pb, respectively) stimulated root growth (1.1-, 1.5-, 10.5- and 1.9-fold), and significantly increased fresh (1.3-, 1.5-, 4.3- and 1.4-fold) and dry (1.2-, 1.5-, 2.5- and 1.2-fold) mass. Combination treatment also led to significant reductions in HM concentrations (1.3-, 1.4-, 4- and 1.1-fold, respectively). GSH (1.1 - 1.8-fold), TBARS (1.4 - 2.7-fold) and H2O2 (1.6 - 1.8-fold) contents in treatment with HMs alone were significantly mitigated by the NAC combination. Some of the antioxidant enzyme activities increased or reduced by some HM treatments alone were stimulated by a combination of NAC with HMs, or remained unchanged or changed only insignificantly, supported by the phenolic pool of the plant. Ferulic, p-comaric and syringic acids were the major phenolic acids (PAs) in the roots in free, ester, glycoside and ester-bound forms, and their concentrations were increased by HM treatments alone, in comparison to the control seedlings, while PAs concentrations were relatively reduced by NAC in combination with HMs. These results indicate that NAC can alleviate HM toxicity and improve the growth of HM-stressed wheat seedlings by coordinated induction of the phenolic pool and the antioxidant defence system.Research Fund of Karadeniz Technical University [FBA-2016-5424]; ERDF project "Plants as a tool for sustainable global development" [CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/0000827]The Research Fund of Karadeniz Technical University (Project No: FBA-2016-5424) provided financial support for this research. The work was supported in part from ERDF project "Plants as a tool for sustainable global development" (No. CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/0000827)

Effects of different iron doses on growth, yield and quality of Limonium sinuatum

Limonium sinuatum ‘Compindi White’ çeşidi yetiştiriciliğinde farklı demir dozlarının bitki gelişimi, verim ve kalite üzerine etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla Muğla Sıtkı Koçman Üniversitesi Ortaca Meslek Yüksekokulu ait açık alanda yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada demirli gübre olarak, FeEDDHA (Sequestrene 138 Fe) 4 farklı dozda (Fe0=0 ppm, Fe1=3 ppm, Fe2=6 ppm ve Fe3=9 ppm) sulama solüsyonuna uygulanarak tesadüf parselleri deneme desenine göre 3 tekrarlamalı kurulmuştur. Uygulanan demir dozlarının yaprak sayısı, bitki üst aksam-kök yaş, kuru, yüzde kuru ağırlığı, kök uzunluğu, bitki başına elde edilen çiçek sayısı, çiçek sapı uzunluğu ve kalınlığı üzerindeki etkileri değerlendirilmesi amacıyla bitki besin elementi analizleri yapılmıştır. L. sinuatum üretiminde NPK dışında demir gübrelemesi de özellikle yüksek kireçli ve pH’sı yüksek kıraç alanlarda önem kazanmaktadır. Demir gübrelemesi ile bitki gelişimi, verim ve çiçek kalitesi arasında direk bir etkileşim görülmese bile yaprak sayısı, üst aksam yaş ve kuru ağırlığındaki iyileşme ve besin maddesi alınımına etkisi bakımından değerlendirildiğinde 6 ppm demir uygulamasının L. sinuatum yetiştiriciliğinde yeterli olduğu sonucu gözlemlenmiştir.This study was conduction to determine the effect of different iron doses on growth, yield and quality of Limonium sinuatum ‘Compindi White’ production on open field conditions of Mugla Sıtkı Koçman University Ortaca Vocational School. Iron (Fe-EDDHA, Sequestrine 138) doses were applied at the rates of 0, 3, 6 and 9 ppm. Study was established by randomized plot experiment designed in three replications. Leaf number, number of flower per plant, lenght and diameter of flower, fresh and dry weight of stem and root lenght and the nutrient contents were measured. İron fertilization becomes important to highly calcareous and alkali arid and semi arid areas.No significant differences on growth, yield and quality of flowers due to Fe doses were observed. But Fe doses increased number of leaves, fresh and dry weight of stem and the nutrient contents. If the results were evaluated together, it was concluded that Fe concentration should be 6 ppm for adequate Limonium sinuatum production

Farklı Demir Dozlarının Limonium sinuatum Bitkisinde Gelişim, Verim ve Kalite Üzerine Etkisi

This study was conduction to determine the effect of different iron doses on growth, yield and quality of Limonium sinuatum ‘Compindi White’ production on open field conditions of Mugla Sıtkı Ko;ccedil;man University Ortaca Vocational School. Iron (Fe-EDDHA, Sequestrine 138) doses were applied at the rates of 0, 3, 6 and 9 ppm. Study was established by randomized plot experiment designed in three replications. Leaf number, number of flower per plant, lenght and diameter of flower, fresh and dry weight of stem and root lenght and the nutrient contents were measured. İron fertilization becomes important to highly calcareous and alkali arid and semi arid areas.No significant differences on growth, yield and quality of flowers due to Fe doses were observed. But Fe doses increased number of leaves, fresh and dry weight of stem and the nutrient contents. If the results were evaluated together, it was concluded that Fe concentration should be 6 ppm for adequate Limonium sinuatum production.Limonium sinuatum ‘Compindi White’ çeşidi yetiştiriciliğinde farklı demir dozlarının bitki gelişimi, verim ve kalite üzerine etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla Muğla Sıtkı Koçman Üniversitesi Ortaca Meslek Yüksekokulu ait açık alanda yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada demirli gübre olarak, Fe- EDDHA (Sequestrene 138 Fe) 4 farklı dozda (Fe0=0 ppm, Fe1=3 ppm, Fe2=6 ppm ve Fe3=9 ppm) sulama solüsyonuna uygulanarak tesadüf parselleri deneme desenine göre 3 tekrarlamalı kurulmuştur. Uygulanan demir dozlarının yaprak sayısı, bitki üst aksam-kök yaş, kuru, yüzde kuru ağırlığı, kök uzunluğu, bitki başına elde edilen çiçek sayısı, çiçek sapı uzunluğu ve kalınlığı üzerindeki etkileri değerlendirilmesi amacıyla bitki besin elementi analizleri yapılmıştır. L. sinuatum üretiminde NPK dışında demir gübrelemesi de özellikle yüksek kireçli ve pH’sı yüksek kıraç alanlarda önem kazanmaktadır. Demir gübrelemesi ile bitki gelişimi, verim ve çiçek kalitesi arasında direk bir etkileşim görülmese bile yaprak sayısı, üst aksam yaş ve kuru ağırlığındaki iyileşme ve besin maddesi alınımına etkisi bakımından değerlendirildiğinde 6 ppm demir uygulamasının L. sinuatum yetiştiriciliğinde yeterli olduğu sonucu gözlemlenmiştir

Comparison of Phenolics and Phenolic Acid Profiles in Conjunction with Oxygen Radical Absorbing Capacity (ORAC) in Berries of Vaccinium arctostaphylos L. and V. myrtillus L.

Strnad, Miroslav/0000-0002-2806-794X; GRUZ, Jiri/0000-0002-8546-9697; Gruz, Jiri/0000-0002-8546-9697WOS: 000375613200003Caucasian blueberry (Vaccinium arctostaphylos L.) and bilberry (V. myrtillus L.), both native to Turkey, were evaluated for their total phenolics (TP) and anthocyanin (TAC) contents. Individual compositions of free phenolic acids and phenolic acids liberated from ester and glycoside forms were analyzed using UPLC-MS/MS. Berry extracts of each species were separated into three different fractions (sugar/acid, polyphenolic and anthocyanin) by solid phase extraction (SPE). The anthocyanin fractions of each species had the highest level of TP and TAC contents and ORAC values. Each species contained 10 phenolic acids representing each fraction, but in different quantities. The phenolic acids liberated from the esters and glycoside forms were caffeic acid and p-coumaric acid. The fractions containing phenolic acids liberated from ester and glycoside forms had a higher antioxidant capacity than that from free phenolic acids. The data suggest that both berries have potential as good dietary sources of phenolic antioxidants.Research Fund of Karadeniz Technical University [2005.111.004.02]; Council of Higher Education of Turkey (CoHE)Ministry of National Education - Turkey; Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic through the National Program of Sustainability [LO1204]Financial support for this study was provided by the Research Fund of Karadeniz Technical University (Project No: 2005.111.004.02). The authors Faik Ahmet Ayaz and Huseyin Inceer also greatly appreciate the support from the Council of Higher Education of Turkey (CoHE). This work was also financially supported by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic through the National Program of Sustainability (grant no. LO1204)