Reuse of anaerobically and aerobically pre-treated textile wastewater by UF and NF membranes

The aim of this study is to compare different pre-treatment techniques before the use of UF and NF membranes for textile industry effluents. Three different applications are discussed. First, raw textile wastewater effluent was applied to membranes (direct filtration of raw wastewater). After that, aerobically (full scale aerobic treatment plant (SBR) effluent that is present in the factory) and anaerobically (laboratory scale anaerobic treatment plant effluent) pre-treated effluents were compared with UF and NF membranes. UF and/or NF experiments were carried out at the laboratory scale and investigated at different operating pressures. The study showed that aerobic pre-treatment gave better performance prior to membrane filtration, and NF treatment with UF pre-treatment was the most suitable option for the effluents, as determined by different standards of permeate quality and quantity for different purposes in factories. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.TUBITAK-CAYDAGTurkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [107Y060]; YTU-BAPYildiz Technical University [27-05-02-02]This research was supported by TUBITAK-CAYDAG project no: 107Y060 and YTU-BAP project no: 27-05-02-02

ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF A NANOFILTRATION MEMBRANE FUNCTIONALIZED WITH STABLE TiO2 NANOPARTICLE SOLUTION PREPARED BY USING NEWLY MODIFIED HYDROTHERMAL METHOD

Stable nanoparticle solution is the key parameter to obtain a uniform coating layer on the membrane surface without any aggregation for an efficient photocatalytic activity. In this study, a commercial titanium dioxide (TiO2, P25) was used to functionalize the nanofiltration (NF) membrane surface to be able to increase the water disinfection effects of the membrane. A polymer (Polyethyleneimine, PEI) bonding was used to be able to disperse TiO2 evenly in the solution by using newly modified hydrothermal method. Stability tests were conducted to test the stability of the nanomaterial in suspension. For surface coating, the NF membrane was incubated in contact with the uniform/stable nanoparticle solution. Contact angle measurements were conducted to evaluate the surface characteristic of the functionalized membrane and antibacterial tests were performed to evaluate the water disinfection effects of the functionalized membrane.Yildiz Technical UniversityYildiz Technical University [2013-0502KAP01]The study was supported by Yildiz Technical University (Project number: 2013-0502KAP01). Thanks to MEMTEK (National Research Center on Membrane Technologies) for supporting the Zeta Sizer Nano measurements

SGBR Performance on the Basis of Color and COD Removal from Textile Wastewater

This study focused on removal of color and chemical oxygen demand (COD) parameter from textile effluents using a static granular bed reactor (SGBR), which has never been used to treat textile effluents previously. With an organic loading rate (OLR) of 1?kg/m3?day and a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 48?h, COD and color removal efficiencies were 74 and 61%, respectively, while the removal efficiencies were 72 and 57%, respectively, with OLR of 1.7?kg/(m3?day) and HRT of 24?h. It was concluded that the SGBR could be used as an alternative method to treat and decolorize textile effluents. First order and modified StoverKincannon models were used to develop a kinetic model using the experimental data with correlation coefficients (R2) of 0.39 and 0.94, respectively. In regard with the calculated correlation coefficients, modified StoverKincannon model, which was used to model anerobic biofilters in previous studies, fitted best with the experimental data and it was stated that SGBR worked as an anerobic biofilter.TUBITAKTurkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [107Y060]; Yildiz Technical UniversityYildiz Technical University [27-05-02-02]This study was financially supported by TUBITAK (Project Number: 107Y060) and Research Fund of Yildiz Technical University (Project Number: 27-05-02-02)

Mass transport coefficients of different nanofiltration membranes for biologically pre-treated textile wastewaters

According to the Nernst-Planck equation, the Bs (mass transfer coefficient) and Rs (overall removal rate) values for different membrane pressures are obtained from intercept in a straight line relationship between 1/R and 1/Jv. Nernst-Planck equation was determined to be compatible due to an increase in removal rate with increasing pressure. An experimental result showed that NP030 membrane was very feasible for both wastewaters. Published by Elsevier By.TUBITAK-CAYDAGTurkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [107Y060]; YTU-BAPYildiz Technical University [27-05-02-02]This study was supported by TUBITAK-CAYDAG project no: 107Y060 and YTU-BAP project no: 27-05-02-02

The evaluation of fouling effects in membrane process dealing with the biologically pre-treated textile effluents

Wastewater reuse is necessary in the textile industry due to its consumption of large amounts of freshwater. However, the main problem with the membranes is the decline of permeate flux due to the accumulation of organic and inorganic molecules on the membrane surface when the raw wastewater is used. This study focused on the fouling effect of aerobically and anaerobically pre-treated textile industry effluents using ultrafiltration (UC010) and nanofiltration (NP010 and NP030) membrane processes. Ultrafiltration (UF) and nanofiltration (NF) membranes were applied sequestered (UF or NF) and combined (UF + NF) to treat effluents from a full-scale aerobic sequencing batch reactor (SBR), which is present in the factory, and a laboratory-scale anaerobic treatment plant, namely the static granular bed reactor (SGBR). Membrane experiments at 10 bar operating pressure were carried out on the laboratory scale to obtain better results. Initial fluxes with NP010 seriously declined after 24 h during the long-term experiments (96 h). According to the membrane flux decline and the fouling rates, aerobically pre-treated textile wastewater was better than anaerobically pre-treated textile wastewater, suggesting that dissolved organic matter formed in the anaerobic treatment processes.TUBITAK-CAYDAGTurkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [107Y060]; YTU-BAPYildiz Technical University [27-05-02-02]This study was supported by TUBITAK-CAYDAG project no. 107Y060 and YTU-BAP project no. 27-05-02-02

Comparison of first admission hemogram parameters and chest computed tomography findings of pediatric COVID-19 patients

Aim : We use computed tomography, which is one of the frequently used imaging tests, both as a disease diagnosis method and to follow the clinical course in COVID-19 patients. This also means radiation exposure. Radiation exposure, especially in pediatric patients, can cause life-threatening diseases. Is there a blood parameter that will reduce this undesirable event and allow estimation of computed tomography findings? Are hemogram analysis, one of the most commonly used blood tests, and tomography findings of the disease related? We designed this study based on the questions. Material and Methods: Among the patients under the age of 18 who applied to the emergency department, those with a positive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and chest CT and hemogram were included in the study. Chest CT findings were classified according to the CO-RADS classification. We compared the CO-RADS classification with hemogram parameters and the ratios of these parameters. Results: Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) rates were found to be significantly lower as imaging findings became more severe (<0.05). The ratio of MedianPlatelet Volume and Platelet (MPV/Plt) was found to be significantly higher as the imaging findings worsened (p<0.05). When the relationship between laboratory parameters according to imaging groups in our study was evaluated, there was a moderate negative correlation between lymphocyte and platelet levels and imaging findings (p<0.05). A moderate positive correlation with the monocyte level was found (p<0.05). Discussion: For the CO-RADS classification, it can be said that the patient was established to classify possible COVID-19 patients only according to chest CT. There is no study in the literature on the classification of pediatric patients with RT-PCR positive definite COVID-19 according to chest CT scans and the comparison of laboratory findings of patients with this classification. The combination of laboratory parameters and CO-RADS classification will guide clinicians in pediatric COVID-19 patient management

Efficacy of capecitabine and temozolomide regimen in neuroendocrine tumors: Data from the Turkish oncology group

Introduction: This study aims to report the efficacy and safety of capecitabine plus temozolomide (CAPTEM) across different lines of treatment in patients with metastatic neuroendocrine tumors (NETs).Methods: We conducted a multicenter retrospective study analyzing the data of 308 patients with metastatic NETs treated with CAPTEM between 2010 and 2022 in 34 different hospitals across various regions of Turkey.Results: The median follow-up time was 41.0 months (range: 1.7-212.1), and the median age was 53 years (range: 22-79). Our results across the entire patient cohort showed a median progression-free survival (PFS) of 10.6 months and a median overall survival (OS) of 60.4 months. First-line CAPTEM treatment appeared more effective, with a median PFS of 16.1 months and a median OS of 105.8 months (median PFS 16.1, 7.9, and 9.6 months in first-, second-and =third-line respectively, P = .01; with median OS values of 105.8, 47.2, and 24.1 months, respectively, P = .003) In terms of ORR, the first-line treatment again performed better, resulting in an ORR of 54.7% compared to 33.3% and 30.0% in the second and third or higher lines, respectively (P < .001). Grade 3-4 side effects occurred only in 22.5% of the patients, leading to a discontinuation rate of 9.5%. Despite the differences in outcomes based on treatment line, we did not observe a significant difference in terms of side effects between the first and subsequent lines of treatment.Conclusions and Relevance: The substantial superior outcomes in patients receiving first-line CAPTEM treatment highlight its potential as an effective treatment strategy for patients with metastatic NET

Efficacy of Capecitabine and Temozolomide Regimen in Neuroendocrine Tumors: Data From the Turkish Oncology Group

INTRODUCTION: This study aims to report the efficacy and safety of capecitabine plus temozolomide (CAPTEM) across different lines of treatment in patients with metastatic neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). METHODS: We conducted a multicenter retrospective study analyzing the data of 308 patients with metastatic NETs treated with CAPTEM between 2010 and 2022 in 34 different hospitals across various regions of Turkey. RESULTS: The median follow-up time was 41.0 months (range: 1.7-212.1), and the median age was 53 years (range: 22-79). Our results across the entire patient cohort showed a median progression-free survival (PFS) of 10.6 months and a median overall survival (OS) of 60.4 months. First-line CAPTEM treatment appeared more effective, with a median PFS of 16.1 months and a median OS of 105.8 months (median PFS 16.1, 7.9, and 9.6 months in first-, second- and ≥third-line respectively, P = .01; with median OS values of 105.8, 47.2, and 24.1 months, respectively, P = .003) In terms of ORR, the first-line treatment again performed better, resulting in an ORR of 54.7% compared to 33.3% and 30.0% in the second and third or higher lines, respectively (P < .001). Grade 3-4 side effects occurred only in 22.5% of the patients, leading to a discontinuation rate of 9.5%. Despite the differences in outcomes based on treatment line, we did not observe a significant difference in terms of side effects between the first and subsequent lines of treatment. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: The substantial superior outcomes in patients receiving first-line CAPTEM treatment highlight its potential as an effective treatment strategy for patients with metastatic NET