(Pre-Service Teachers’ Images of Teacher Who Teaches Astronomy: The Results of “Journey to Celestial Dome” Project)

Bu araştırmanın amacı aktif katılımlı astronomiye yönelik öğretim yöntem ve materyalöğretiminin fen bilimleri öğretmen adaylarının astronomi öğretimi yapan öğretmen imgeleriüzerine etkisini incelemektir. Araştırma durum çalışmalarından program etkileri durumçalışmasına göre yürütülmüştür. Araştırmaya 2019-2020 akademik yılı güz döneminde dördüncüsınıf öğrencisi olan ve çeşitli üniversitelerde öğrenim gören 40 fen bilimleri öğretmen adayıkatılmıştır. Araştırmada maksimum çeşitlilik örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada,etkinliklerin uygulaması 2019-2020 öğretim yılı güz döneminde altı günde yapılmıştır.Etkinliklerde, öğretmen adaylarına, drama, istasyon, argümantasyon, kavramsal değişimmetinleri, kavram karikatürleri, 5E öğrenme döngüsü, sanal gerçeklik ve artırılmış gerçeklikuygulamaları gibi astronomi öğretimine yönelik uygulamalar yaptırılmıştır. Öğretmen adaylarınınastronomi öğretimi yapan fen bilimleri öğretmeni imgelerini belirlemek için, astronomi öğretimiyapan fen bilimleri öğretmeni denildiğinde gözlerinin önünde canlanan resmi çizmeleri veaçıklamaları istenmiştir. Öğretmen adaylarının uygulama öncesi ve sonrası çizimlerinden veaçıklamalarından elde edilen veriler içerik analizi ile çözümlenip karşılaştırılmıştır. Analizsonucunda, öğretmen adaylarının uygulama öncesi çizimlerinde astronomi öğretimi yapılan ortamolarak çoğunlukla sınıf ortamını çizdikleri, uygulama sonrası çizimlerinde ise sınıf ile okul dışıortamı bütünleştirdikleri ve ayrıca çizimlerin sınıf ortamında düz anlatımdan grup çalışması ve drama etkinliklerine doğru kaydığı tespit edilmiştir. Bunun yanında öğretmen adaylarının çoğu,uygulama öncesinde öğretim materyali olarak güneş sistemi modeli, Dünya, Güneş, Ay modeli veAy’ın evleri gibi astronomi ile ilgili posterler çizerken, uygulama sonrasında bu model veposterlerin yerini arttırılmış gerçeklik ve sanal gerçeklik uygulamalarının aldığı tespit edilmiştir. Buçerçevede astronomiye yönelik öğretim yöntem ve materyal öğretiminin fen bilimleri öğretmenadaylarının astronomi öğretimi yapan öğretmen imgelerini olumlu yönde etkilediği söylenebilirdrama etkinliklerine doğru kaydığı tespit edilmiştir. Bunun yanında öğretmen adaylarının çoğu,uygulama öncesinde öğretim materyali olarak güneş sistemi modeli, Dünya, Güneş, Ay modeli veAy’ın evleri gibi astronomi ile ilgili posterler çizerken, uygulama sonrasında bu model veposterlerin yerini arttırılmış gerçeklik ve sanal gerçeklik uygulamalarının aldığı tespit edilmiştir. Buçerçevede astronomiye yönelik öğretim yöntem ve materyal öğretiminin fen bilimleri öğretmenadaylarının astronomi öğretimi yapan öğretmen imgelerini olumlu yönde etkilediği söylenebilir.The aim of this study is to examine the effect of teaching methods and materials instruction about astronomy, which is maintained somehow active participant, on pre-service science teachers’ images of teacher that teaches topics about astronomy. In this study program effects case study which is one of the case studies was used. 40 pre-service science teachers who were 4th graders from different universities at fall term of 2019-2020 academic years were participated to this study. Maximum variety sampling method was used in this study. Implementations of activities were maintained six days at fall semester of 2019-2020 academic years. In activities, applications about astronomy like drama, learning stations, argumentation, conceptual change texts, concept cartoons, 5E learning cycle and virtual reality and augmented reality applications were executed with participants. Explaining and drawing picture that visualizes when a science teacher who teaches an astronomy topic was requested to determine pre-service teachers’ images about teacher that teaches an astronomy topic. Data achieved from pre and post drawings and explanations of pre-service teachers was analysed and compared by using content analysis. As a result of analysis, it was found that while most of pre-service teachers draw a classroom as astronomy teaching environment at pre-test, they integrated a classroom and informal learning environment at post-test, and moreover drawings revised from direct instruction at classroom to teamwork and drama. Behind this, it was found that most of pre-service teachers draw models of solar system or earth, moon and sun and posters about astronomy like phases of moon as a learning material at pre-test, applications of visual and augmented realities took the place of this models and posters at post-test. In this context, it can be asserted that instruction of teaching methods and materials related to astronomy effects pre-service science teachers’ images of teacher that teaches an astronomy topic positively

Zeki Velidi Togan biografisi

Ankara : İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent Üniversitesi İktisadi, İdari ve Sosyal Bilimler Fakültesi, Tarih Bölümü, 2014.This work is a student project of the The Department of History, Faculty of Economics, Administrative and Social Sciences, İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent University.by Ünal, Mehmet Süha

Remifentanil improves left ventricular diastolic parameters in patients with impaired diastolic function: a prospective clinical study

Abstract Background Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction has a significant impact on perioperative morbidity and mortality, and its incidence is high in elderly individuals. Anesthetic agents may impair diastolic function, which may increase the incidence of perioperative complications. The aim of this prospective, clinical, phase 4 study was to investigate the effects of remifentanil on left ventricle (LV) diastolic function in patients with diastolic dysfunction. The study was performed on 30 spontaneously breathing subjects (aged 60–80 years) with diastolic dysfunction. Methods Thirty patients (aged 60–80 years) with diastolic dysfunction scheduled for surgery were recruited between November 2019 and March 2023. Left ventricle function was evaluated once the intravenous remifentanil infusion reached a target-controlled concentration of 2 ng/ml with transthoracic echocardiography. Analysis of systolic function focused on left ventricular ejection fraction and mean mitral annular S velocity (Sm), whereas diastolic function focused on changes in transmitral peak flow (E), E/A, mitral septal and lateral e’ waves, E/e’ ratios and left atrial volume index following remifentanil infusion. Results Diastolic function measures of LV (mitral E/e’, septal and lateral e’ waves) statistically significantly improved (E/e’ from 10.6 ± 2.9 cm.sn− 1 to 9.5 ± 2.2 cm.sn− 1; p = 0.006) following remifentanil infusion. Left atrial volume index decreased following remifentanil infusion without statistical significance (from 55 ± 14.4 ml.cm− 2 to 51.6 ± 13.3 ml.cm− 2; p = 0.1). Systolic function (ejection fraction and Sm) did not change following remifentanil infusion. Conclusions Remifentanil improves left ventricular diastolic parameters in patients with preexisting diastolic dysfunction. Our study suggests that remifentanil at a plasma concentration of 2 ng.ml− 1 might be used safely in patients with left ventricular diastolic dysfunction

Regioselective synthesis of novel 5-nitro-naphthoquinone derivatives: Electrochemistry and in-situ spectroelectrochemistry properties

The novel N-,O-substituted-5-Nitro-1,4-naphthoquinones (NQ) as regioisomers were synthesized by reactions of 2,3-dichloro-5-nitro-1,4-naphthoquinone with some heterocyclic rings which were substituted with various nucleophiles according to a Michael 1,4-addition mechanism. All synthesized compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), H-1-nuclear magnetic resonance (H-1 NMR) and attached proton test nuclear magnetic resonance (APTNMR). Two-dimensional techniques H-1-H-1 correlated spectroscopy (COSY) was used for characterization of compound 1a. Cyclic and square wave voltammetric and in situ UV-Vis spectroelectrochemical characterizations of NQ derivatives were carried out to determine redox mechanism of these molecules. Although in-situ FT-IR spectroelectrochemical studies of these type compounds were frequently reported in the literature, this is the first study for the in-situ UV-Vis spectroelectrochemical studies of NQ compounds in the literature. All NQs illustrated two NQ based and one nitro-based reduction reactions. While NQ based reduction couples were electrochemically and chemically reversible, observation of nitro reduction at more negative potentials made all processes irreversible. Altering the substituents of the NQ derivatives slightly influenced the redox potentials and chemical reversibility of the processes. Isomers of different NQ derivatives almost showed similar voltametric responses. Distinct spectral and color changes were observed during the redox reactions which indicated possible usages of these molecules in display technologies