The relationship between preschool teachers’ self-efficacy beliefs and their teaching attitudes

This study examined the relationship between preschool teachers’ selfefficacy beliefs and their teaching attitudes. In the study, it was considered whether preschool teachers’ self-efficacy beliefs and their teaching attitudes change in terms of certain variables. The research was carried out using a correlational survey model. The target population of the study is the preschool teachers working in Küçükçekmece district, İstanbul Province, in the 2017-2018 academic year. The working group consists of 264 preschool teachers working at the schools in said district. The following assessment instruments were used in the research: “Personal Information Form,” “Preschool Teachers’ Self-efficacy Beliefs Scale,” to identify preschool teachers’ self-efficacy beliefs and ‘Preschool Teachers’ Teaching Attitudes Scale’ to determine the teachers’ attitudes. The obtained data were analyzed using Pearson multiplication moment correlation analysis, and Regression analysis was performed to determine the level of self-efficacy beliefs of preschool teachers affecting teaching attitudes. Preschool teachers were found to have full self-efficacy beliefs in the teaching-learning process, communication skills, planning, and regulation of learning environments and classroom management, and firm self-efficacy beliefs in family participation. Teachers’ attitudes of preschool teachers were found to be democratic at the highest level, followed by autocratic and laissez-faire at the lowest level. As a result of the regression analysis made to determine the level of the effect of self-efficacy beliefs of preschool teachers on their teaching attitudes, the learning and teaching process positively predicts democratic teaching attitudes and negatively predicts laissez-faire attitudes

May Inhaled Corticosteroid Use Give Rise to Impaired Glucose Tolerance in Bronchial Asthma?

Systemic side effects of inhaler corticosteroids (IC) are quite rarely. It is also well known that systemic use of corticosteroids for a long period of time may have diabetogenic effects. In this study, the relationship between use of IC in patients with bronchial asthma and tendency of development of diabetes was investigated via oral glucose tolerance test. Eighty three patients with bronchial asthma and 34 healthy subjects without any known disease as a control group were enrolled the study. Asthma group and control group were similar according to gender, age and BMI. Mean period for the diagnosis of asthma was 8.9±6.4 years, for IC use was 4.2±2.7 years and mean daily dose of IC was 616.66±355.62 µgr. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) for asthma group who were on IC and for control group were 92.96±6.82 mg/dl and 93.05±12.51 mg/dl, respectively. Following 75 gr OGTT, glucose levels for asthma group and control group were 110.21±32.17 mg/dl and 109.08±28.41 mg/dl, respectively. FBG levels and 2-hour glucose levels separately in both groups were not statistically significant (p0.05). In asthma group, correlations between duration of IC use and, FBG and 2-hour glucose levels, and also between dose of IC and FBG and 2-hour glucose levels were evaluated. Statistically significant but mild positive correlation was seen between duration of IC (4.2±2.7 year) use and 2-hour glucose levels (110.21±32.17 mg/dl) (p=0.007, r=0.292). In conclusion, in patients with asthma, mild positive correlation between IC use and 2-hour glucose levels was observed. Our findings may point out that IC use over a long period of time may lead glucose intolerance

The relationship between perceived family climate and glycemic control in type 1 diabetes mellitus adolescent patients

Objective: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic disease which ranks third in children under age 16 years. Expressed emotion (EE) is a term that indicates a specific family climate including lack of emotional support (LES), irritability, and emotional over-involvement. It is known that the family environment is highly important for glycemic control in diabetic adolescents. In this study, the relationship between perceived EE and glycemic control in adolescents diagnosed with T1DM not accompanied by psychopathology were investigated. Methods: The study included 49 adolescents with T1DM and 50 adolescents as a control group. Adolescents with psychopathology and intellectual disability were excluded from the study. Perceived EE was measured by the Shortened Level of Expressed Emotion Scale (SLEES) and blood sugar regulation was assessed by HbA1c levels. Results: The adolescents with T1DM showed a significant difference in perceived EE (p = 0.020) and LES (p = 0.014) when compared with the control group. When diabetic adolescents were compared among themselves, the diabetic adolescents with poor glycemic control perceived greater EE (p = 0.033) and less emotional support (p = 0.049). In regression analyses, the predictive power of mother's educational level, the employment status of mothers and the subscale "LES" of SLEES combined to explain HbA1c level was determined to be 37.8%. Conclusion: The strong relationship between perceived EE and glycemic control showed us that perceived EE can hinder treatment compliance without causing psychopathology. For this reason, it is recommended that not only patients with psychopathology, but all diabetic adolescents receive psychosocial support and family interventions

Do preterm infants with Bronchopulmonary dysplasia have a unique postnatal weight gain pattern?

Objectives To investigate the weight gain pattern of preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) during the hospital stay using weekly weight assessment methods. Methods This single-center, retrospective, cohort study was carried out in Zekai Tahir Burak Maternal Health Education and Research Hospital between 2014 and 2018. One hundred fifty-one preterm infants <32 weeks of gestation and <1500 g of birth weight with BPD were compared to 251 babies without BPD in terms of weekly weight gain, standard deviation score (SDS), and fall in weight SDS till discharge. Results Mean body weight was significantly lower in babies with BPD in all weeks except postnatal week (PW) 8. The groups had similar daily weight gain between birth and discharge (p = .78). Infants with BPD had lower weight SDS on postnatal day (PD) 14 and 21, and discharge, however similar on PD 28. The fall in SDS between PW 4 and discharge was significantly higher in the BPD group. Infants with BPD had higher fall in weight SDS between birth and discharge (p = .022). Discharge weight SDS was associated with gestational age and weight SDS on PW 4 in the whole cohort. Conclusion Infants with BPD showed a unique and unsteady pattern of growth compromise during the NICU course, most explicitly in early postnatal life and between PD 28-discharge. Future studies should consider not only the early postnatal life but also the period after four weeks of life till discharge to design an optimal nutrition strategy and decent growth for preterm infants with BPD

Deaths from Motorcycle Accidents: An Autopsy Study from Turkey

Motorcyclists and pillion passengers in road traffic accidents have an increased risk of morbidity and mortality because of lack of adequate safety systems. The purpose of this study was to analyze the injuries sustained by motorcycle riders and pillion passengers in fatal motorcycle accidents. A total of 56 cases autopsied in the Istanbul Morgue Department of the Council of Forensic Medicine were included in this study. The majority of the cases were young males. Fifty (89.3%) cases were riders and six (10.7%) were pillion passengers. The vast majority (78.6%) of the cases died at the scene or on the same day in hospital. Most of the cases had multiple traumas, and the most common trauma was head trauma (n = 45). The most common injury was intracranial hemorrhage (n = 40). Fifteen (26.8%) cases tested positive for drug and/or alcohol intake. These autopsy findings can be helpful for medicolegal examinations to diagnose possible injuries and also for the automotive industry to improve better protective safety devices for motorcycle riders

Label reading habits and views on genetically modified organisms of adults during food shoppingErişkinlerin gıda alışverişi sırasında etiket okuma alışkanlıkları ve genetiği değiştirilmiş organizmalar konusundaki görüşleri

Food label makes it possible to use the rights training, access to information, selection for consumer. It is possible to eat healthy by having more information on food labels. This study was planned to determine food label reading habit and the views on GMOs of adults. The population of the research consists of adults who shpping at supermarket in Manisa. The sample was 658 people (n=658). The descriptive and cross-sectional survey was done October between and December 2014. The data collection form includes socio-demographic information, opinions on label reading and GMOs. It was found that 80.1% of respondents' source of information on GMOs is the media.It was found that socio-demographical characteristics of the participants affected food labels reading habits and views on GMOs. It was found that most of respondents that disagreed in production with genetically modified seeds in Turkey is correct. Furthermore most of respondents thought that did not comply with the ban which prevents entry of genetically modified foods to Turkey and did not make necessary checks in there. The results of this study show that adults are not having much knowledge about GMOs and risk perseption scale on GMOs is great. the media has the bigggest effect about GMOs. This study once again showed the need for the educational role of the public health nurse in terms of community nutrition. Extended English abstract is in the end of PDF (TURKISH) file.ÖzetGıda etiketi tüketicinin bilgi edinme, eğitilme, seçme hakkını kullanmasını mümkün kılar. Gıda etiketleri hakkında daha fazla bilgiye sahip olarak sağlıklı beslenmek mümkündür. Çalışma erişkinlerin gıda etiketi okuma alışkanlığı ve GDO konusundaki görüşlerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla planlanmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini Manisa il merkezinde bulunan süpermarketlerden alışveriş yapan erişkinler oluşturmuştur. Örneklem ise 568 kişidir (n=658). Tanımlayıcı-kesitsel tipteki çalışmanın verileri Ekim-Aralık 2014 tarihleri arasında toplanmıştır. Veriler GDO’ ya ilişkin soruların olduğu form ve sosyo-demografik bilgi formu kullanılarak toplanmıştır. GDO’ ya ilişkin bilgiye ulaşmada en sık kullanılan kaynak medyadır (%80.1).Katılımcıların sosyo-demografik özelliklerinin   etiket okuma alışkanlığı ve GDO’ ya ilişkin görüşlerini etkilediği bulunmuştur. Katılımcıların çoğu Türkiye’de GD tohumlarla üretim yapılmasını doğru bulmadığını, Türkiye’de GDO’ lu gıda girişini engelleyen yasağa uyulmadığını ve gerekli kontrollerin yapılmadığını düşünmektedir. Çalışma sonuçlarına göre erişkinler GDO hakkında pek fazla bilgi sahibi değildir ve medya en büyük etkiye sahiptir. Katılımcıların GDO risk algısı yüksektir. Bu çalışma toplum beslenmesi açısından halk sağlığı hemşiresinin eğitici rolüne olan ihtiyacı bir kez daha gözler önüne sermiştir

One-year Body Mass Index Change in Adult Renal Transplant Recipients and Its Relationship with Glomerular Filtration Rate and Creatinine Level: A Retrospective Study

Objective: Renal transplantation is a challenging process for the recipients. One of the important problems in this process is unwanted weight gain. This study aimed to determine the change in body mass index (BMI) and to evaluate the effect of recipient characteristics on BMI during one-year period after renal transplantation. Methods: The article was conducted in a retrospective design. In the study, files of 170 patients who underwent renal transplantation between 2015 and 2016 were reviewed retrospectively. T-test, ANOVA, and correlation analysis were used in the analysis of data. Results: It was determined that the patients had a tendency to have increased BMI after transplantation, with a higher rate in the first three months. The increase in BMI was higher in singles than in married participants (p=0.01 and p0.05). Conclusion: In the study, it was determined that the increase in BMI was higher especially in the first three months after renal transplantation. For this reason, it is an important requirement to address the counseling and support to patients and their relatives regarding weight management in the early period

The value of adjacent vessel sign in malignant breast tumors

PURPOSEThe aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic quality of adjacent vessel sign (AVS) in malignant breast tumors by comparing it with classical prognostic pathological biomarkers and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings.METHODSA total of 124 patients with 133 malignant lesions were included. All the imaging was performed on a 1.5T Avanto scanner and the images were interpreted according to BI-RADS-MR® (fifth ed.) atlas. Maximum intensity projection (MIP) images were constructed from subtracted post-contrast images and were used to investigate AVS. Histopathological results and MRI findings were compared with AVS.RESULTSInterobserver agreement about AVS status was substantial (κ=0.64). AVS positive lesions were significantly bigger in size (P < .001, AVS negative: median 12 mm, AVS positive: median 31 mm). AVS was significantly associated with increased Ki-67 index and axillary lymph node metastasis (P=.009 and P=.019, respectively). Between AVS and lymphovascular invasion (LVI), there was a trend toward positive relationship (P=.076). MRI findings of T2 hypointensity, peritumoral edema, irregular shape, non-homogeneous contrast enhancement, rapid early contrast enhancement, and skin infiltration showed significant positive relation with AVS (P < .001, P < .001, P < .001, P=.02, P=.021, and P=.021, respectively). AVS is found to be associated with increased Ki-67 index, axillary lymph node metastasis, and some MRI findings that point to malignancy or poor prognosis.CONCLUSIONAVS indicates poor prognosis since it is related to axillary lymph node metastasis, increased Ki-67 index, LVI, peritumoral edema, rapid early contrast enhancement, increased background enhancement, skin extension, T2 hypointensity, non-homogeneous contrast enhancement, irregular lesion shape, and larger tumor size. AVS is an easy to use sign that shows substantial interobserver agreement

Organik Sultani Çekirdeksiz Üzüm Yetiştiriciliği

Bu projede, organik ürün olarak, talebi oldukça fazla Sultani Çekirdeksiz kuru üzüm üretimi ele alınmıştır. Çalışma, iki alt projeden oluşturulmuştur. I. Alt projede organik tarımda istenen minimum toprak işlemesi yanında ülkemizde bulunan ve birçok olumlu özelliklere sahip Zeolit (Klinoptilolitie mineral [Agro-clıno (NMF 900)]) kullanımı da denemede yer almıştır. II. Alt proje de ise Ege Bölgesi bağlarının ana hastalığı olan külleme mücadelesinde NaHCO3’ (içme sodasının) mevcut koşullardaki kullanım olanakları projede ele alınmıştır Bağlardaki ana zararlı da salkım güvesi olup her iki alt projede, salkım güvesi mücadelesinde tuzaklar asılarak zararlının ergin populasyonu bu tuzaklarla ilk ergin çıkışından uçuşlar sona erinceye kadar haftalık olarak izlenmiştir. Uçuş eğrileri ile tahmin-uyarı istasyonlarından elde edilen meteorolojik veriler ışığında gerekli uygulamalar yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonucunda, KULTIVATOR ile toprak işleme sisteminin toprağa olumsuz etkisinin de en az düzeyde olduğu da dikkate alınarak önerilebileceği ortaya çıkmıştır. Yeşilyurt yöresi topraklarındaki mikrobiyal aktiviteyi arttırmada malç uygulaması önerilmesine karşın, bu uygulama diğer disiplinler tarafından uygun görülmediğinden alternatif olarak KULTIVATOR uygulaması tercih edilmektedir. Kükürt ve içme sodası uygulanan parsellerde külleme hastalık şiddeti konvansiyonel olan şahit parsele göre istatistiki öneme sahip düzeyde azalma kaydetmiştir. Konvansiyonel koşullardaki hastalığın daha fazla görülmesini uygun koşulları yaratacak yoğun vejetatif gelişmenin yaratmış olduğu düşünülmektedir. Kükürdün zararlıları baskılayıcı etkisi de bilindiğinden organik yetiştiricilikte Külleme mücadelesinde içme sodasına nazaran özellikle kükürdün tercih edilmesi uygun bulunmaktadır. Denemenin başladığı 2003 yılı baz alındığında Zeolit (Klinoptilolitie mineral [Agro-clıno (NMF 900)]) uygulamalarında verim ve kalite kriterlerinde artış olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Toprak işleme uygulamalarından toprağı çizerek işleme salkım sayısı ve verim bakımından önemli bulunurken pulluk+ diskharow ile işleme salkım ağırlığını; malç uygulamasının ise kuru maddeyi ve tane tutumunu arttırdığı görülmektedir. Yaprak alma uygulamalarından, 6 adet yaprak alınması kontrole nazaran verim, salkım sayısı ve salkım ağırlığını nispeten arttırmıştır. Proje konusu çalışma birimleri itibarıyla değerlendirildiğinde toprağın çizilerek işlenmesi (KULTIVATOR sistemi) ön plana çıkmaktadır

Okul ve Sınıf Tabanlı Değerlendirmeye Dayalı Öğretmen Kapasitesinin Güçlendirilmesi: Fen Bilimleri Dersi Öğretmen Rehber Kitapçığı

Değerli fen bilimleri eğitimcileri, bildiğiniz üzere bilim ve teknolojideki gelişmeler ve toplumsal ihtiyaçlardaki değişimler ile eğitim alanında öğrenmeye yönelik kuram, öğretime ilişkin yaklaşım, model ve yöntem ile ilgili yenilikler öğretim programlarında yenileme çalışmaları yapılmasını zorunlu kılmaktadır. Yenilenen programların istenen düzeyde uygulanabilmesi için öğretmenlerin çeşitli çalışmalarla yeterliklerinin geliştirilmesi gerekmektedir. Yeterlik alanları içerisinde ölçme ve değerlendirme önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Öğretmenlerimiz programda belirtilen sürelerinin üçte birinden fazlasını ölçme ve değerlendirme ile ilgili etkinliklere harcamaktadırlar. Ölçme ve değerlendirmede etkili ve verimli olabilmek için öğretmenlerin önemli değerlendirme becerilerine ihtiyacı vardır. Bu konularda çeşitli dönemlerde yapılan çalışmalar, sınıf içi değerlendirme konusunda öğretmenlerin kendilerini yeterli hissetmediklerini göstermektedir. Bu kapsamda, öğretmenlerin yeterliklerinin arttırılması için Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı Ölçme, Değerlendirme ve Sınav Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüğü ve UNICEF Türkiye Temsilciliği arasında imzalanan bir protokol ile “Okul ve Sınıf Tabanlı Değerlendirmeye Dayalı Öğretmen Kapasitesinin Güçlendirilmesi” çalışması hayata geçirilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, öğretmenlerin mesleki gelişiminin desteklenmesi için alan bazlı ve etkinlik temelli uygulamalarla öğretmenlerimizin özellikle biçimlendirici değerlendirme kapasitelerini arttırmak ve dezavantajlı öğrenciler de dâhil olmak üzere bütün öğrencilerimizin gelişimlerine daha bütüncül destek olabilmektir. Bu amaç kapsamında, biçimlendirici değerlendirme konusunda öğretmenlerimize kılavuzluk/rehberlik edecek bir öğretmen rehber kitapçığı ortaya konulmuştur. Öğretmen rehber kitapçığı toplam dört ana bölümden oluşmaktadır. Birinci bölümde ölçme ve değerlendirmenin temel kavramlarına atıfta bulunulmaktadır. İkinci bölümde biçimlendirici değerlendirme amacıyla kullanılabilecek teknik ve araçlara yer verilmiştir. Üçüncü bölümde öğretim programıyla ilişkilendirilip tasarlanan etkinlik örnekleri yer almaktadır. Son bölümde ise biçimlendirici değerlendirme sürecinde paydaşlar ile etkileşimde dikkat edilmesi gereken hususlar açıklanmaktadır. Çocuklarımıza ve öğretmenlerimize faydalı olması dileğiyle..