Cultura de Inovação: Conceitos e Modelos Teóricos

This study portrays the state of the art in scientific literature on the culture of innovation, with the objective of characterizing its meaning and especially describing different theoretical models that seek to understand how it occurs in an organizational environment. To enrich the analysis, research results show the relationship between organizational culture and innovation. The literature review was carried out in 2011 using the following databases: Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES), Proquest and Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ). The keywords used were the expression culture of innovation and the joint terms culture and innovation, only full articles were included in the research. Culture of innovation articles that were cited in the papers identified in the literature search were also considered. The analysis consisted of 40 articles, based on the predefined criteria, and showed that this is a topic of interest for researchers in different world regions. It is a complex theme determined by factors with a systemic character. There is a predominance of quantitative research and strong evidence of a relationship between organizational culture and innovation, which requires further research to test the theoretical models proposed by these different authors

Diagnostic and prognostic value of presepsin for subclinical chorioamnionitis in pregnancies between 23-28 week with preterm premature rupture of the membranes

Background: Presepsin is an inflammatory marker released from monocytes and macrophages as an acute reaction to microbial infection. We hypothesized that it may be useful in pregnancies with preterm premature rupture of the membranes (PPROM) for early diagnosis of subclinical chorioamnionitis. Aims: To determine whether the plasma presepsin level has any diagnostic or prognostic value for subclinical chorioamnionitis in pregnancies complicated with PPROM. Study Design: Prospective cohort study. Methods: Fifty-three singleton pregnancies between 23 and 28 weeks of gestation diagnosed with PPROM were prospectively included in the study. Venous blood samples were collected at admission, at the 48th hour of admission, and at the time of delivery to determine presepsin and C-reactive Protein (CRP) levels and white blood cell (WBC) counts. Chorioamnionitis was diagnosed by microscopic examination of the placenta and cords. Results: Of the 53 PPROM cases included in the study, 41 (77.4%) had histologically confirmed chorioamnionitis. Neonatal sepsis developed in 24 (45.3%) of the newborns. The median presepsin level at admission was 135.0 pg/mL for pregnancies with subclinical chorioamnionitis and 113.5pg/mL for pregnancies without chorioamnionitis (p=0.573). There was also no significant difference between subclinical chorioamnionitis (+) and (−) cases in terms presepsin levels at the 48th hour and at delivery. However, chorioamnionitis (+) cases showed a significant decrease in both presepsin level and WBC count at the 48th hour after the administration of antibiotics, which increased significantly at delivery (p<0.001 and p=0.011, respectively). Conclusion: The striking fluctuations in presepsin level after the diagnosis of PPROM can be used to predict subclinical chorioamnionitis and determine the optimal timing of delivery before the clinical signs of chorioamnionitis are established. However, presepsin level itself was neither diagnostic nor prognostic for neonatal sepsis

Nuclear energy consumption, nuclear fusion reactors and environmental quality: The case of G7 countries

Global climate change brings environmental quality sensitivity, especially in developed countries. Developed countries use non-renewable energy sources intensively both in their own countries and in other countries, they make productions that cause an enormous rate of increase in CO2 emissions and unsustainable environmental costs. This has increased the interest in environmentally friendly alternative energy sources. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of nuclear energy consumption and technological innovation on environmental quality in G7 countries using annual data over the period 1970–2015. The Panel Threshold Regression Model was used for the analysis. Empirical findings have indicated that the relationship between nuclear energy consumption and carbon emissions differs according to innovation for nuclear power plants. It was also concluded that nuclear energy consumption reduces carbon emissions more after a certain level of innovation. This result shows that the increase in innovative technologies for nuclear power plants not only increases energy efficiency but also contributes positively to environmental quality. © 20212-s2.0-8511772080

Blood glucose testing at alternative sites in adolescents with type 1 diabetes

Intense pain of pricking the fingertip and inadequate or excessive blood extraction due to the frequent use of a one site may cause difficulties in accurately measuring blood glucose levels in young people with diabetes. Moreover, pain and aching in fingertips when touching surfaces, difficulty in holding a pen, a feeling of pins and needles and the emergence of calluses have been noted as common problems caused by long-term use of a single test site, such as a fingertip (Ellison et al, 2001; McGarraugh et al, 2001; Greenhalgh et al, 2002; Holstein et al, 2002; Jungheim and Koschinsky, 2002; Lock et al, 2002). It is suggested that such problems could be overcome by introducing alternative sites for blood glucose testing and help children with type 1 diabetes to cope with their condition (Lucidarme et al, 2005). This article looks at the effectiveness of using alternative sites for blood glucose testing in young people with type 1 diabetes in terms of pain reduction and the accuracy of test results