Jóvenes y cultura messenger. Tecnología de la información y la comunicación en la sociedad interactiva

Depto. de Sociología: Metodología y TeoríaFac. de Ciencias Políticas y SociologíaTRUEpu

A state-and-transition model of Iberian dehesas based on spatial patterns

Aim of study: In this study a process based on a Geographic Information System (GIS) is proposed as a tool for analyzing the spatial structure of the Mediterranean dehesa ecosystem.Area of study: Western Peninsular Spain.Material and methods: The method allows a semi-quantitative “state and transitions” (S&T) net that provides original information derived from spatial patterns that cannot be obtained by other means.Main results: This GIS analysis also supplies a spatial basis which complements the conceptual framework of vegetation series successional proposals. Moreover, the proposed method can be a useful tool for understanding landscape changes.Research highlights: Our work proposes not only a descriptive model but also a methodology based on spatial metrics and topological relationships.Keywords: geographic information systems; successional net; landscape management.Abbreviations used: S&T: State and Transition; RFP: Regional Forest Plan

Cooperative Privacy-Preserving Data Collection Protocol Based on Delocalized-Record Chains

This paper aims to advance the field of data anonymization within the context of Internet of Things (IoT), an environment where data collected may contain sensitive information about users. Specifically, we propose a privacy-preserving data publishing alternative that extends the privacy requirement to the data collection phase. Because our proposal offers privacy-preserving conditions in both the data collecting and publishing, it is suitable for scenarios where a central node collects personal data supplied by a set of devices, typically associated with individuals, without these having to assume trust in the collector. In particular, to limit the risk of individuals' re-identification, the probabilistic k-anonymity property is satisfied during the data collection process and the k-anonymity property is satisfied by the data set derived from the anonymization process. To carry out the anonymous sending of personal data during the collection process, we introduce the delocalized-record chain, a new mechanism of anonymous communication aimed at multi-user environments to collaboratively protect information, which by not requiring third-party intermediaries makes it especially suitable for private IoT networks (besides public IoT networks)

Representaciones tópicas de tecnología y juventud implementación y gobierno de la identidad digital

Muchos son los mitos y prejuicios en torno a nociones de juventud y las tecnologías de la información. Algunas personas están preocupadas por las horas que pasan los más jóvenes frente al ordenador, lo que puede significar que mantengan una buena parte de sus relaciones afectivas y personales de manera virtual. Otras dan por hecho que los/as niños/as y jóvenes tienen habilidades innatas para el uso de estas tecnologías, obviando las brechas que se están produciendo. La atribución de conocimientos y predisposiciones innatas de los más jóvenes hacia las tecnologías de la información es fundamentalmente un mito construido históricamente al amparo de las lógicas finalistas y gerenciales del mercado liberal. ¿Qué hacer frente a estos mitos, los intereses que los sustentan y los riesgos que conllevan? Este capítulo plantea un enfoque que combina una comprensión sociocultural con análisis de las condiciones materiales que atraviesan en la actualidad nociones de infancia y juventud, sirviéndonos para ello de un estudio de caso: las comunicaciones vía messenger. El texto concluye identificando “tipos ideales” de los jóvenes en relación con las tecnologías de la información a partir de nuestra reciente investigación Cultura Messenger: Tecnología de la información y la comunicación en la sociedad interactiva

Mitos e intereses en torno a los jóvenes y la tecnología: cultura Messenger

Muchos mitos y prejuicios circulan frente al uso de las nuevas tecnologías. Algunas personas dan por hecho que los niños y jóvenes tienen habilidades innatas para su uso, obviando las brechas que se podrían producir por factores culturales o económicos. Por otro lado, hay quienes están preocupados por las horas que pasan los muchachos chateando en el computador y lo que puede significar el que establezcan sus relaciones afectivas de manera virtual. Para conocer algo más sobre los jóvenes y las nuevas tecnologías, solicitamos al sociólogo español Ángel Gordo y su equipo de investigación que elaboraran un artículo a partir de su reciente investigación “Cultura Messenger: Tecnología de la información y la comunicación en la sociedad interactiva”, en la que trata varios de los cuestionamientos mencionados anteriormente. Si bien esta investigación fue realizada en España, es posible identificar en Chile muchos de los fenómenos comentados

Emulation of Circuits under Test Using Low-Cost Embedded Platforms

Electrical engineering education requires the development of the specific ability and skills to address the design and assembly of practical electronic circuits, as well as the use of advanced electronic instrumentation. However, for electronic instrumentation courses or any other related specialty that pursues to gain expertise testing a physical system, the circuit assembly process itself can represent a bottleneck in a practical session. The time dedicated to the circuit assembly is subtracted both to the measurements and the final decision-making time. Therefore, the student's practical experience is limited. This article presents a reconfigurable physical system based on the Arduino (TM) shield pin-out, which (after specific programming) can virtually behave as a device under test to carry out measurement procedures on it, emulating any system or process. Although it has been mainly oriented to the Arduino boards, it is possible to add different control devices with a connector compatible. The user does not need to assemble any circuit. Our approach does not only pursue the correct instrument handling as a goal, but it also immerses the student in the context of the functional theory of the proposed circuit under test. Consequently, the same emulation platform can be utilized for other techno-scientific specialties, such as electrical engineering, automatic control systems or physics courses. Besides that, it is a compact product that can be adapted to the needs of any teaching institution.This work was performed as an innovation and teaching improvement project and supported by grant SOL-201700083174-TRA from Vicerrectorado de Recursos Docentes y de la Comunicacion, University of Cadiz

3D exploration and navigation with optimal-RRT planners for ground robots in indoor incidents

Navigation and exploration in 3D environments is still a challenging task for autonomous robots that move on the ground. Robots for Search and Rescue missions must deal with unstructured and very complex scenarios. This paper presents a path planning system for navigation and exploration of ground robots in such situations. We use (unordered) point clouds as the main sensory input without building any explicit representation of the environment from them. These 3D points are employed as space samples by an Optimal-RRTplanner (RRT ∗ ) to compute safe and efficient paths. The use of an objective function for path construction and the natural exploratory behaviour of the RRT ∗ planner make it appropriate for the tasks. The approach is evaluated in different simulations showing the viability of autonomous navigation and exploration in complex 3D scenarios

Exergy assessment and sustainability of a simple off-shore oscillating water column device

This work was funded by Andalusian Regional Government, Spain, projects P18-RT-3595 and B-RNM-346-UGR18. Research to be continued under grant TED2021-131717B-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033 and, as appropriate, by ERDF A way of making Europe, by he European Union and by the European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR.This paper present a research on the performance efficiency and sustainability of an Oscillating Water Column (OWC) simple off-shore device, accounting for the influence of governing thermodynamic variables (moisture, temperature, pressure) in the compression/expansion polytropic process. The work proposes a simple off-shore OWC experimental set up as the basis of the study. The analysis takes into consideration both gas subsystems inside and outside the OWC, to achieve a better understanding of the conservative nature of entropy system variable, the net exchange balance, the effects on efficiency and exergy destruction, and the interpretation of the OWC as a thermodynamic engine. Results show that, within the context of the set up, moderate wave climate conditions contribute to a better efficiency of the device in terms of output power, providing with a low impact on exergy destruction and high sustainability in terms of renewability index.Andalusian Regional Government, Spain, projects P18-RT-3595 and B-RNM-346-UGR18Grant TED2021-131717B-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033ERDF A way of making Europe, by he European Union and by the European Union NextGenerationEU/PRT

Implementation of Processing Functions for Autonomous Power Quality Measurement Equipment: A Performance Evaluation of CPU and FPGA-Based Embedded System

Motivated by the effects of deregulation over power quality and the subsequent need of new types of measurements, this paper assesses different implementations of an estimate for the spectral kurtosis, considered as a low-level harmonic detection. Performance of a processor-based system is compared with a field programmable gate array (FPGA)-based solution, in order to evaluate the accuracy of this processing function for implementation in autonomous measurement equipment. The fourth-order spectrum, with applications in different fields, needs advanced digital signal processing, making it necessary to compare implementation alternatives. In order to obtain reproducible results, the implementations have been developed using common design and programming tools. Several characteristics of the implementations are compared, showing that the increasing complexity and reduced cost of the current FPGA models make the implementation of complex mathematical functions feasible. We show that FPGAs improve the processing capability of the best processor using an operating frequency 33 times lower. This fact strongly supports its implementation in hand-held instruments

Origin and driving mechanisms of marine litter in the shelf- incised Motril, Carchuna, and Calahonda canyons (northern Alboran Sea)

The authors wish to thank the captain and crew of R/V Sarmiento de Gamboa for their dedication and constant support for the execution of activities onboard, and to the participants of the ALSSOMAR-S2S expedition for their help during data acquisition. Multibeam bathymetry and fishing activity data were provided by the “Ministerio de Pesca, Agricultura y Alimentació n”, Spanish government. Land use data were provided by the “Consejerı́a de Agricultura, Ganaderı́a, Pesca y Desarrollo Sostenible, Junta de Andalucı́a”, regional government. JR acknowledges partial support from the 18-ESMARES2-CIRCA project of the Instituto Español de Oceanografı́ a (IEO-CSIC), under the framework of the tasks commissioned to the IEO by the Ministerio de Transición Ecológica y Reto Demográfico (MITERD) of the Spanish government for the application of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) in Spanish waters. IM acknowledges to Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia for Research Assistant contract DL57/2016/CP1361/ CT0009 and project UID/0350/2020 CIMA. Very constructive and detailed reviews of an initial manuscript version were provided by two reviewers and by Guest Associate Editor Veerle Huvenne. We are grateful to Jean Sanders for correcting the English text.The Supplementary Material for this article can be found online at: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2023.1098927/ full#supplementary-materialIntroduction and methods: Marine litter density, distribution and potential sources, and the impact on canyon seafloor habitats were investigated in the Motril, Carchuna and Calahonda canyons, located along the northern margin of the Alboran Sea. During the ALSSOMAR-S2S oceanographic survey carried out in 2019, canyon floor imagery was collected by a Remotely Operated Vehicle along 5 km in the Motril Canyon, 10 km in the Carchuna Canyon, and 3 km in Calahonda Canyon, together with 41 surficial sediment samples. Additionally, coastal uses, maritime traffic and fishing activity data were analyzed. A 50 m resolution multibeam bathymetry served as base map. Results: In the Motril and Calahonda canyons, the density of marine litter was low and the material was dispersed, very degraded and partially buried. In contrast, the Carchuna Canyon contained a greater amount and variety of litter. The Carchuna Canyon thalweg exhibited a density of marine litter up to 8.66 items·100 m -1 , and litter hotspots with a density of up to 42 items·m 2 are found along the upper reaches of the canyon thalweg. Discussion: Low litter abundances found in the studied canyons most likely reflect low population densities and the absence of direct connections with streams in the nearby coasts. The high shelf incision of the Carchuna Canyon and its proximity to the coastline favor littoral sediment remobilization and capture as well as the formation of gravity flows that transport the marine litter along the thalweg toward the distal termination of the channel. Litter hotspots are favored by the canyon morphology and the occurrence of rocky outcrops. Most debris is of coastal origin and related to beach occupation and agricultural practices in the adjacent coastal plain. A third origin was represented by fishing gear in the study area. Fishing activity may be producing an impact through physical damage to the skeletons of the colonial scleractinians located in the walls of the Carchuna Canyon. In contrast, the Motril and Calahonda canyons can be considered passive systems that have mainly acted as depositional sinks in the recent past, as evidenced by buried marine litter.Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad, Spanish goverment CTM2017-88237-PMinistry of Science and Innovation, Spain (MICINN) Spanish Government PID2021-125489OB-I00Cerrillo-Escoriza's PhD project - MCIN/AEI PRE2018-084812FSE Invierte en tu futur