The Effectiveness of Glutathione Redox Status as a Possible Tumor Marker in Colorectal Cancer

[EN] The role of oxidative stress (OS) in cancer is a matter of great interest due to the implication of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and their oxidation products in the initiation of tumorigenesis, its progression, and metastatic dissemination. Great efforts have been made to identify the mechanisms of ROS-induced carcinogenesis; however, the validation of OS byproducts as potential tumor markers (TMs) remains to be established. This interventional study included a total of 80 colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and 60 controls. By measuring reduced glutathione (GSH), its oxidized form (GSSG), and the glutathione redox state in terms of the GSSG/GSH ratio in the serum of CRC patients, we identified significant changes as compared to healthy subjects. These findings are compatible with the effectiveness of glutathione as a TM. The thiol redox state showed a significant increase towards oxidation in the CRC group and correlated significantly with both the tumor state and the clinical evolution. The sensitivity and specificity of serum glutathione levels are far above those of the classical TMs CEA and CA19.9. We conclude that the GSSG/GSH ratio is a simple assay which could be validated as a novel clinical TM for the diagnosis and monitoring of CRC.This work was partially supported by grants GST, UGP-19-037 FISABIO, Universitat Politecnica de Valencia-the Hospital Universitario Doctor Peset POLISABIO collaboration program (UPV-FISABIO) NanOdGSens-2, the Spanish Government project RTI2018-100910-B-C41 (MCUI/AEI/FEDER, UE), the Generalitat Valenciana project PROMETEO/2018/024 and PI18/00932 by Instituto de Salud Carlos III and co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF "A way to build Europe"). C.B. is a recipient of a Miguel Servet contract (CP19/00077) from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III.Acevedo-León, D.; Monzó-Beltrán, L.; Gómez-Abril, SÁ.; Estañ-Capel, N.; Camarasa-Lillo, N.; Pérez-Ebri, ML.; Escandón-Álvarez, J.... (2021). The Effectiveness of Glutathione Redox Status as a Possible Tumor Marker in Colorectal Cancer. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 22(12):1-15. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22126183115221

MultiCOVID: a multi modal deep learning approach for COVID-19 diagnosis

Abstract The rapid spread of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 led to a global overextension of healthcare. Both Chest X-rays (CXR) and blood test have been demonstrated to have predictive value on Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) diagnosis on different prevalence scenarios. With the objective of improving and accelerating the diagnosis of COVID-19, a multi modal prediction algorithm (MultiCOVID) based on CXR and blood test was developed, to discriminate between COVID-19, Heart Failure and Non-COVID Pneumonia and healthy (Control) patients. This retrospective single-center study includes CXR and blood test obtained between January 2017 and May 2020. Multi modal prediction models were generated using opensource DL algorithms. Performance of the MultiCOVID algorithm was compared with interpretations from five experienced thoracic radiologists on 300 random test images using the McNemar–Bowker test. A total of 8578 samples from 6123 patients (mean age 66 ± 18 years of standard deviation, 3523 men) were evaluated across datasets. For the entire test set, the overall accuracy of MultiCOVID was 84%, with a mean AUC of 0.92 (0.89–0.94). For 300 random test images, overall accuracy of MultiCOVID was significantly higher (69.6%) compared with individual radiologists (range, 43.7–58.7%) and the consensus of all five radiologists (59.3%, P < .001). Overall, we have developed a multimodal deep learning algorithm, MultiCOVID, that discriminates among COVID-19, heart failure, non-COVID pneumonia and healthy patients using both CXR and blood test with a significantly better performance than experienced thoracic radiologists