NI MYDAQ eszközzel támogatott ipari szenzor vizsgáló állomás modellezése

Cikk.Munkám célja az volt, hogy tervezzek és valósítsak meg egy olyan mozgatással egybekötött programozott rendszert, amely a hozzá csatlakoztatott érzékelő bizonyos paramétereit és az adott érzékelt tárgyra adott reakcióját megfelelő mintavételezéssel feldolgozza, rögzíti, majd pedig kiértékelésre megfelelő formában meg is jeleníti

Antibacterial activity evaluation of selected essential oils in liquid and vapor phase on respiratory tract pathogens.

BACKGROUND: The increasing number of multidrug-resistant bacteria and the fact of antibiotic resistance is leading to a continuous need for discovering alternative treatments against infections, e.g. in the case of respiratory tract diseases. Essential oils (EOs), because of their volatility, can easily reach both the upper and lower parts of the respiratory tract via inhalation. Therefore, the aim of the present study was the antibacterial evaluation of clove, cinnamon bark, eucalyptus, thyme, scots pine, peppermint, and citronella EOs against respiratory tract pathogens such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, S. mutans, S. pyogenes, Haemophilus influenzae, H. parainfluenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis. Furthermore, we wanted to compare the antibacterial effect of these EOs in two different test systems to provide data for the development of an appropriate product formulation. METHODS: Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined with in vitro vapor phase test (VPT) and broth macrodilution test (BDT). The chemical and percentage compositions of the EOs were determined by GC-MS and GC-FID analysis. RESULTS: Among the EOs, thyme was the most effective against S. mutans (MIC: 0.04 mg/mL in BDT, but cinnamon bark and clove oils also presented high inhibition in liquid medium with MIC values of 0.06 mg/mL and 0.1 mg/mL against S. pneumoniae and S. pyogenes, respectively. M. catarrhalis was the most sensitive to thyme EO (MIC: 0.09 mg/mL). Cinnamon bark EO was the most effective against Haemophilus spp. (MIC: 0.06 mg/mL). In the VPT, cinnamon bark was the most effective oil against all investigated pathogens with MIC values in the range of 15.62-90 mul/L. Surprisingly, the eucalyptus and scots pine showed weak activity against the test bacteria in both test systems. CONCLUSIONS: The EO of thyme, clove and cinnamon bark may provide promising antibacterial activity against respiratory tract pathogens either in liquid medium or in vapor phase. However, their effect is lower than that of the reference antibiotics. The combination of EOs and antibiotics may be beneficial in the alternative treatment of respiratory tract diseases. In vivo studies are necessary to calculate the effective dose of EOs in patients and determine their possible side effects and toxicity

The effect of a 10-week TOCA Football System intervention program on sport-specific motor skills among junior footballers

IntroductionThe objective of our study was to examine, in addition to using the TOCA Football System tool and training method, the effect of a 10-week intervention on elite youth athletes in terms of their sport-specific motor skills and anthropometric variables.MethodsThe study covered a group of 32 young players practicing football (U14) (13.45 ± 0.64 years). The junior U14 footballers were randomly assigned to an intervention or TOCA group (TG, N = 15, 13.25 ± 0.58 years) and a control group (CG, N = 17, 13.63 ± 0.66 years). Before starting the test, we performed full anthropometric measurements and assessed the sample's agility with and without the ball and their sport-specific endurance. The measurements were then repeated after the 10-week intervention.ResultsWithin-group analysis showed significant improvements in muscle mass (p < 0.001), sport-specific endurance (p < 0.001), (p < 0.004) and agility (in TG) both with and without the ball (p = 0.002), (p = 0.004) however, we did not find a significant change in body fat percentage in either group (p = 0.988, p = 0.288). In the CG, “agility with the ball” changed significantly only (p = 0.023). In the between-group analysis with a repeated-measures analysis of variance (mixed-design ANOVA), there was no significant interaction in any performance variables. The main findings of this study indicate that a TOCA Football training program in addition to normal training during the in-season period does not produce additional effects in anthropometric factors, sport-specific endurance and agility performance with the ball (dribbling) and without the ball in comparison with the control condition.DiscussionFrom a practical point of view, the presented anthropometric and physical profiles of players can be useful for football coaches in optimizing soccer training. Overall, it also can be concluded that the device can be safely used in the sensitive age group in terms of the development of motor skills since we did not find any negative effects during the use of the device in terms of the parameters we examined. In addition to the expansion of the number of elements and the inclusion of other age groups, it is advisable to carry out further complex tests, as the TOCA Football System offers many research opportunities

SITTING TIME AND SPORT PARTICIPATION OF THE EMPLOYED POPULATION IN HUNGARY AND EUROPE

Introduction. The aim of our study was to examine the participation, motivation and locations of sport activity of adult employed population in Hungary and Europe, highlighting the differences in sport participation among different occupation groups. Methods. The Eurobarometer (EB) is a set of international surveys conducted on behalf of the European Commission. The survey consisted of two modules, the ‘Standard EB’ which contains the core set of questions which are similar in every survey, and the ‘Special EB’ which included physical activity (PA) and sitting time (ST). In our research we used the Eurobarometer 2013 database. Results. According to ST we found significant differences between the European and Hungarian employed adults. Hungarian respondents spent less time with sitting. The proportion of respondents not doing any sports is the highest among Hungarian women (67,44%, CI: 64,24 - 70,64), and those who’s occupation is “supervisor”, “unskilled or skilled manual worker”, or whose job is an “employed position – travelling” or “employed position at desk” (62,64% (CI: 55.58 - 69.70) -72,41% (CI: 64,11-80,71). Conclusion. Our results show that more than one-third of Hungarian employees do not do regular sports, but overall spend less time sitting than the EU average. The amount of sitting and the proportion of inactive respondents is higher among women. Based on our analysis of job types we highlight office administrators’ work – with higher rate of females –which includes very little PA. Thus, the increase of PA among women and among administrative workers is the key focus of our further research

Essential-oil component combinations: possibilities against respiratory tract pathogens

Nowadays, the excessive use of antimicrobials leads to the growing appearance of resistant pathogens in the case of respiratory tract infections (RTIs). Therefore, the discovery of new alternatives, which could support their therapy is an important challenge. Combination of the effective substances is one of the possible solutions. Based on this possibility, several studies focused on the interaction between essential oils (EOs) and their volatiles in the last decade.                Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the most effective EO components of cinnamon bark, thyme, clove, peppermint, and citronella oils. Direct bioautography (DB) was used in the detection of interaction profiles of trans-cinnamaldehyde, eugenol, thymol, menthol, geraniol, citronellal, and citral against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA, 4262), resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (RPA, 34205), and P. aeruginosa (ATCC 27853). First, the minimal detectable dose (MDD) of individual components was determined. According to the MDD values, the combined, as well as the individual compounds, were applied to the TLC plates. The diameters of the inhibition zones were measured with the Motic Images Plus 2.0 program. The statistical analysis was performed with the Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon test of the R Studio 1.1.383 program.                In the case of P. aeruginosa, a combination of thymol and menthol was active; against RPA, trans-cinnamaldehyde combined with thymol was found to be effective. Against MRSA, menthol combined with trans-cinnamaldehyde, and eugenol also showed enhanced activity.                According to our knowledge, we applied for the first time the DB for the detection of antimicrobially effective combinations of EO compounds. It could be regarded as a cost-effective and quick screening method. In the future, we would like to focus on the combinations of EOs and their main components with antibiotics as well

Treatment of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia by Natural Drugs

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the most common urinary diseases affecting men, generally after the age of 50. The prevalence of this multifactorial disease increases with age. With aging, the plasma level of testosterone decreases, as well as the testosterone/estrogen ratio, resulting in increased estrogen activity, which may facilitate the hyperplasia of the prostate cells. Another theory focuses on dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and the activity of the enzyme 5α-reductase, which converts testosterone to DHT. In older men, the activity of this enzyme increases, leading to a decreased testosterone/DHT ratio. DHT may promote prostate cell growth, resulting in hyperplasia. Some medicinal plants and their compounds act by modulating this enzyme, and have the above-mentioned targets. This review focuses on herbal drugs that are most widely used in the treatment of BPH, including pumpkin seed, willow herb, tomato, maritime pine bark, Pygeum africanum bark, rye pollen, saw palmetto fruit, and nettle root, highlighting the latest results of preclinical and clinical studies, as well as safety issues. In addition, the pharmaceutical care and other therapeutic options of BPH, including pharmacotherapy and surgical options, are discussed, summarizing and comparing the advantages and disadvantages of each therapy

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PRE-TREATMENT HABITUAL PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND SUCCESS OF ASSISTED REPRODUCTION

Introduction. The increasing incidence of infertility, the stagnation of success rates of its treatments, and the reasons for success vs. failure are current research topics both from psychosocial and lifestyle point of view. Objective. The aim of the study was to examine the effects of pre-treatment physical activity (PA) on the level of infertility-related distress and on outcome measures in women undergoing assisted reproductive therapy (ART). Methods. A prospective observational cohort study was carried out involving 45 female patients with infertility diagnosis in a university hospital-based fertility centre during March – July 2017 with the follow up of outcome measures in May 2018. Standardized psychological questionnaires and pre-treatment PA habits were administrated. Results. 60% of the women reported regular physical activity. 73.3% self-reported normal mood state (average 5.0±4.1) with BDI-13 and 91.1% self-reported normal level of distress (average 2.3±2,1) with GHQ-12. Moderately high stress by social concern (42.7±8.8) and very high stress level by sexual (39.2±6.5) and by relationship concern (48.4±9.1) of FPI was found. Significant difference between active and inactive group was described for PICS Self Regulating System (p= .034). Significant relationship between pre-treatment PA and successful pregnancy (p=.036) was found. Conclusions. Infertility specific scales provide more appropriate description on mental status of ART patients than general scales. Pre-treatment PA could positively affect success of ART. However, for more impressive results, detailed assessment of physical activity, increased number of participants, and further examinations are needed