Selecting a pooling equilibrium in a signaling game with a bounded set of signals

In this paper, we study a general class of monotone signaling games, in which the support of the signal is limited or the cost of the signal is sufficiently low and as a result, there are multiple pooling equilibria. In those games, when we relax the usual single-crossing condition, the typical restrictions on the out-of-equilibrium beliefs suggested by previous literature cannot discard any of the equilibria obtained. For this reason, we develop a new refinement called the most profitable deviator, which will be useful to select a unique equilibrium in those games. Additionally, when the standard single-crossing condition is satisfied, our criterion also chooses a unique equilibrium, which is the same as that selected by previous literature.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Gender of supervisors. Does it matter?

This study analysed the effect on the wage gap of women´s access to supervisory jobs within each establishment in the Spanish labour market. Previous empirical studies have found that the promotion of women has a positive effect on the wage difference between genders. However, these studies did not take into account the endogeneity problem associated with job choice. We proposed a specific econometric specification to control for this problem under certain assumptions. Using matched employer-employee data from a sample of 213,709 workers, we found that an increase in the proportion of women among supervisors within each establishment significantly widens the wage difference between genders, but increases the presence of women in supervisory positions. This study shows that the impact of an increase in women´s power within establishments may well be more limited than other empirical studies suggest.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Interaction between Labor Market Conditions and Educational Investment.

We consider a two-period model in which an informed worker may invest in education in the first period, in which case she will not participate in the labor market in that period, but her diploma will allow her to signal a greater productivity in the second period. In this setting, we analyze the effects of a change in the labor market conditions on the worker´s educational decision. In a selective educational system wherein the rate at which the cost of education decreases with the worker´s productivity is sufficiently high, we found that the worker´s incentives to invest in education become stronger when the worker is more patient, when the expected future wage is greater, or when the cost of education is lower. Interestingly, the opposite occurs in a nonselective educational setting wherein the rate at which the cost of education decreases with the worker´s productivity is sufficiently low. Those results are robust to the worker´s risk preferences and to the specification of the prior distribution function of worker´s productivities.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

A Precise Electrical Disturbance Generator for Neural Network Training with Real Level Output

Power Quality is defined as the study of the quality of electric power lines. The detection and classification of the different disturbances which cause power quality problems is a difficult task which requires a high level of engineering expertise. Thus, neural networks are usually a good choice for the detection and classification of these disturbances. This paper describes a powerful tool, developed by the Institute for Natural Resources and Agrobiology at the Scientific Research Council (CSIC) and the Electronic Technology Department at the University of Seville, which generates electrical patterns of disturbances for the training of neural networks for PQ tasks. This system has been expanded to other applications (as comparative test between PQ meters, or test of effects of power-line disturbances on equipment) through the addition of a specifically developed high fidelity power amplifier, which allows the generation of disturbed signals at real levels.Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología DPI2006-15467-C02-0

Using Educational Investment as a Screening and Signaling Device in the Labor Market

In the classical Spence´s model, workers have private information on their productivity and they use educational investment in order to signal their productive skills to an uninformed employer. Differently, we consider a two-period model in which an informed worker may invest in education in the first period, in which case she will not participate in the labour market and give up the market wage in that period, but her diploma will allow her to signal a greater productivity and receive a greater wage in the second period. As a result of the introduction of the investment period in the model, the educational investment may be used as a screening or a signalling device. We found that the relationship between the labour market conditions and the worker´s incentives to invest in education will depend on whether education plays a dominant role as a screening or a signalling device.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Photovoltaic Local Energy Communities—Design of New Energy Exchange Modalities—Case Study: Tolosa

Energy communities (ECs) can become a potential alternative to promote the fight against climate change. Technological progress and price reductions in recent years have made renewable energy-generation systems increasingly affordable and have generated economic benefits by reducing the value of electricity bills for community members, as well as reducing the growing environmental impact. In this context, the authors have taken Tolosa as a case study and conducted a technical and economic analysis of different possible structures of ECs (physical, virtual, with or without storage, participants with different types of consumption, etc.) by comparing them with each other. The generation capacity of the community and the optimal energy-management algorithms have been illustrated, from which the economic benefits for each member are extracted. A dynamic distribution factor is established as the basis of the algorithms, making the benefits fairer. The results obtained from this work, in addition to illustrating the economic benefits that each type of participant can receive, help to define the most appropriate community structure for each participant while highlighting the social and climate benefits that ECs can provide.This work is financially supported by the Basque Government under Grant IT1647-22 (ELEKTRIKER research group), and by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, the Agencia Estatal de Investigación. and the European Union under Grant TED2021-129930A-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by the “European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR”

Papel de CEBPD en el desarrollo de resistencias del cáncer de próstata al tratamiento hormonal y su posible regulación por AR-V7

El cáncer de próstata (CP) es la segunda causa de muerte por cáncer en hombres en el mundo occidental. Inicialmente, el desarrollo del CP es dependiente de andrógenos, por lo que, el tratamiento convencional consiste en la ablación androgénica. Aunque se consigue la regresión del tumor, en un alto porcentaje de pacientes progresa hacia formas más agresivas de la enfermedad denominadas cáncer de próstata resistente a la castración (CRPC). Entre los mecanismos por los cuales se desarrolla la resistencia se ha descrito el incremento de la variante de splicing AR-V7 del receptor de andrógenos (AR). Basándonos en estudios previos en los que se definió el perfil de metilación en CRPC, se seleccionó CEBPD por estar silenciado por metilación de su promotor en una línea celular de CRPC (LNCaP abl), mientras que sí se expresa en células de cáncer de próstata sensibles a andrógenos (LNCaP). En este trabajo nos planteamos un doble objetivo: determinar el posible papel de AR-V7 en la regulación de CEBPD en las células LNCaP abl e intentar esclarecer el papel de este gen en el desarrollo de la resistencia de los tumores de próstata a la ablación androgénica. Nuestros resultados indican que AR interacciona con el promotor de CEBPD en células LNCaP, mientras que en células LNCaP abl se unen tanto AR como AR-V7. Por otro lado, se observó que el silenciamiento de CEBPD en células LNCaP induce apoptosis y, sorprendentemente, también aumenta la migración e invasión. A la vista de estos resultados podemos concluir: en primer lugar, que AR-V7 podría estar reprimiendo la expresión de CEBPD en células CRPC mediante el reclutamiento de complejos represores; en segundo lugar, que CEBPD podría desempeñar un papel dual impidiendo la apoptosis, así como la migración e invasión en células de cáncer de próstata sensibles a andrógeno

El aprendizaje jurídico basado en un modelo multipolar de trabajo de fin de grado

El presente Proyecto de Innovación y Mejora de la Calidad Docente tiene como objeto el diseño de un modelo “multipolar” de trabajo de fin de grado. Entendida la multipolaridad en el sentido de que el trabajo debe ser multidisciplinar, interfacultativo y plurianual. Para ello, se ha trabajado un tema de gran actualidad política, social y jurídica, como es el análisis de los efectos que producirá la despenalización generalizada de las faltas en la reciente reforma del Código Penal y su transformación en ilícitos administrativos en la Ley Orgánica de Protección de la Seguridad Ciudadana. Se propone un modelo de trabajo fin de grado en el que el propio alumno es el gestor y arquitecto de su trabajo y en el que se la interdisciplinariedad y el diverso enfoque de cada alumno integrado en el grupo de trabajo permite un intercambio constante de información, materiales y de intenso debate entre los alumnos

Role of Mitochondrial Dynamics in Microglial Activation and Metabolic Switch

Microglia act as sensors of injury in the brain, favoring its homeostasis. Their activation and polarization toward a proinflammatory phenotype are associated with injury and disease. These processes are linked to a metabolic reprogramming of the cells, characterized by high rates of glycolysis and suppressed oxidative phosphorylation. This metabolic switch can be reproduced in vitro by microglial stimulation with LPS plus IFN-gamma. To understand the mechanisms regulating mitochondrial respiration abolishment, we examined potential alterations in mitochondrial features during this switch using rat primary microglia. Cells did not show any change in mitochondrial membrane potential, suggesting a limited impact in the mitochondrial viability. We provide evidence that reverse operation of F0F1-ATP synthase contributes to mitochondrial membrane potential. In addition, we studied the possible implication of mitochondrial dynamics in the metabolic switch using the mitochondrial division inhibitor-1 (Mdivi-1), which blocks dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1)-dependent mitochondrial fission. Mdivi-1 significantly reduced the expression of proinflammatory markers in LPS plus IFN-gamma-treated microglia. However, this inhibition did not lead to a recovery of the oxidative phosphorylation ablation by LPS plus IFN-gamma or to a microglia repolarization. Altogether, these results suggest that Drp1-dependent mitochondrial fission, although potentially involved in microglial activation, does not play an essential role in metabolic reprogramming and repolarization of microglia