Job Loss, Credit Constraints and Consumption Growth

We use direct evidence on credit constraints to study their importance for household consumption growth and for welfare. We distentangle the direct effect on consumption growth of a currently binding credit constraints from the indirect effect of a potentially binding credit constraint which generates consumption risk. Our data is focused on job losers. We find that less than 5% of job losers experience a binding credit constraint, but for those that do, they experience significant welfare losses, and consumption growth is 24% higher than for the rest of the population. However, even among those who are currently unconstrained and who are able to borrow if needed, consumption responds to transitory income.Job Loss, Credit Constraints, Consumption

สมุนไพรพื้นบ้านแก้ไข้

บทคัดย่อวัตถุประสงค์: เพื่อสำรวจสมุนไพรพื้นบ้านและตำรับยาพื้นบ้านในประเทศไทยที่มีฤทธิ์ลดไข้ วิธีการศึกษา: ศึกษาใน 8 จังหวัด คือ ชัยภูมิ น่านสุโขทัย เพชรบูรณ์ สุรินทร์ กระบี่ ยโสธร และอุบลราชธานี โดยสัมภาษณ์หมอพื้นบ้านเกี่ยวกับสมุนไพรที่ใช้ ชื่อพื้นเมือง ส่วนที่ใช้ ประโยชน์และวิธีใช้ พร้อมทั้งเก็บตัวอย่างสมุนไพรจัดทำเป็นตัวอย่างพืชแห้ง ตรวจเอกลักษณ์พืชด้วยรูปวิธานและเปรียบเทียบตัวอย่างพืชที่พิพิธภัณฑ์พืชสิรินธรกรมวิชาการเกษตรและหอพรรณไม้ กรมอุทยานแห่งชาติ สัตว์ป่า และพันธุ์พืช กระทรวงทรัพยากรธรรมชาติและสิ่งแวดล้อม ผลการศึกษา:รวบรวมพรรณไม้ที่ใช้แก้ไข้ได้ทั้งหมด 162 ชนิด จากพืชจำนวน 60 วงศ์ จำแนกเป็นพืชใบเลี้ยงคู่ 46 วงศ์ (132 ชนิด) พืชใบเลี้ยงเดี่ยว 11 วงศ์ (26ชนิด) พืชเมล็ดเปลือย 1 วงศ์ (2 ชนิด) และเฟิร์น 2 วงศ์ (2 ชนิด) วงศ์ที่มีสมุนไพรแก้ไข้มากที่สุดคือ Leguminosae 22 ชนิด รองลงมาคือEuphorbiaceae 12 ชนิด Annonaceae 11 ชนิดและ Rubiaceae 10 ชนิด สกุลที่มีพืชสมุนไพรมากที่สุด 1 สกุล โดยมี 5 ชนิดคือ Diospyros สกุลละ3 ชนิดมี 3 สกุลคือ Alpinia, Flemingia, และ Senna และสกุลละ 2 ชนิด มี 15 สกุลได้แก่ Abrus, Antidesma, Clerodendum, Dendrobium,Desmodium, Dillenia, Ficus, Garcinea, Glochidion, Gnetum, Helicteres, Kaempferia, Memecylon, Thunbergia และ Uvaria และพบสมุนไพร64 ชนิดที่ใช้ในรูปยาตำรับ 25 ตำรับ และใช้เป็นยาเดี่ยว 106 ชนิด สรุป: การศึกษานี้ได้รวบรวมและพิสูจน์เอกลักษณ์ของสมุนไพรพื้นบ้านและตำรับยาพื้นบ้านที่มีฤทธิ์ลดไข้ ข้อมูลนี้จะเป็นประโยชน์ในการวิจัยและพัฒนาซึ่งอาจนำไปสู่เภสัชผลิตภัณฑ์ต่อไปคำสำคัญ: สมุนไพร, ตำรับยาพื้นบ้าน, ลดไข

A Model Approach to Cloud Implementation on Public Libraries with a focus on West Bengal, India

The purpose of this paper is to explore the possibility of introducing cloud architecture for public library system in areas where library automation is operational on a standalone server. It also proposes a cloud based model library management system to function on an affordable, robust architecture. The paper made an attempt to highlight the present status of library automation and networking among public libraries in West Bengal. It presents functional requirements for a SaaS based (Software as a Service) model. The simulation approach for the model architecture supports the possibility to connect all public libraries across different hierarchical tiers under the public library system of West Bengal. The proposed model will upscale workflow, reduce cost and duplication of work in terms of procurement, cataloguing, classification and creating an union catalogue/ OPAC with the provision of resource sharing. The current study is the first of its kind, proposing a SaaS cloud based model architecture for a huge public library network. It suggests ways to improve public library services and coordination across the network to visually present the holdings of the entire network to the user community via a cost effective infrastructure

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Abstract In Kenya, most people especially in rural areas use traditional medicine and medicinal plants to treat many diseases including malaria. Malaria is of national concern in Kenya in view of development of resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum to drugs especially chloroquine, which had been effective and affordable. This has led the Government to provide free antimalarial treatment because the cost of newer antimalarial drugs is unaffordable to local communities. However, traditional remedies against malaria are practised among the rural communities because of ease of availability and convenience and also due to social, psychological and cultural reasons. This paper examines the use of antimalarial plants among the Meru community of Imenti forest area and Gatunga, in Eastern Province, Kenya. Forty seven plant species belonging to 28 families were encountered during the study. Rutaceae, Compositae and Celestraceae families represented the species most commonly cited in treatment of malaria. Six plant species namely: Periploca linearifolia, Maytenus heterophylla, M. putterlickioides, Albizia amara, Teclea simplicifolia and Olea capensis are documented for the first time for treatment of malaria

Benchmarking the Visibility of Websites in Google: Implications for Search Engine Marketing of Tourism Destinations

Search engine marketing is becoming an increasingly important strategic tool for online tourism marketing. The goal of this study is to identify a process for benchmarking the visibility of DMO websites by utilizing Google AdWords Keyword Tool to access the tourism domain from the demand side. The analysis of DMO website visibility shows the level of competitiveness in search engine marketing and relative effectiveness of DMOs’ search engine marketing strategies. Also, there seems to be huge gaps between the areas DMO websites are visible to online travelers and volume of search. This may suggest that DMOs need to re-consider their strategies in order to achieve the best outcomes

Examining the Problems and Inconsistencies in the interpolation of English Transliterated names of Persian Language Researchers in Citation Databases

English Transliterated names of Non-Roman language researchers have been indexed in citation databases in various ways and do not follow a specific rule. For this reason, all the works of a specific writer are not retrieved while searching. This problem is also evident in the transliterating the names of Persian language researchers widely. This study has examined the problems and inconsistencies in the interpolation of English Transliterated names of 1301 faculty members of SBMU [1] were indexed in Scopus and ISC[2] citation databases The results showed that 193 (15%) faculty members have not had indexed scientific production in both databases and 1108 (85%) people have been indexed in one of two databases of their papers. 357(32.2%) have registered their names in more than 2 forms, and 413(37.3%) in 2 forms, and only 338(30.5%) of faculty members have registered their names in one form. Therefore, almost 70% of faculty members have not registered their names in a single form. The compilation of a list of names document based on the frequency of written form in valid databases is a solution that has been proposed to resolve this problem. [1] Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences [2] Islamic world science citation cente

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Abstract: This paper uses the general method of moment (GMM) regression technique to estimate an cross-country energy demand function with a data set covering 71 countries over the period of 1965-2010. The estimated results show that rapid economic growth due to industrialization or urbanization tends to increase the energy consumption per capita, which in turn may generate a surge in the overall demand for energy. Economic growth also leads to lower price and income elasticities. However, energy market integration can help to reduce the energy demand pressure and to smooth the demand shock through decreasing the income elasticity and increasing the price elasticity in particular in the long run. This finding can be used to explain how cross-country institutional arrangement related to energy market may affect energy consumption patterns over the period of rapid economic growth and offer policy implications for East Asia, which is diversified in terms of development level

Online Health Information Seeking Behavior among Iranian Pregnant Women: A Case Study

Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the health information seeking behavior, applicability and the evaluation of health information obtained from the Internet by Iranian pregnant women. Design and setting: The present study was descriptive-survey. The study population included 196 pregnant women in different gestational months referred to hospitals with Obstetrics and Gynecology ward in Hamadan, Iran on September and October in 2016 who were selected based on stratified random sampling method. The data were collected through a researcher-made questionnaire. Findings: Most pregnant women, while facing with pregnancy problems, seek out health information from the Internet and they often trust the information and share with their doctor. The information increases their awareness about pregnancy. Websites and social networks are two important sources in finding health information and reference of content and educated authors are regarded as two important criteria in evaluating health information obtained from the Internet. In addition, fetal development and nutrition during pregnancy were regarded as two important issues having the most searches among pregnant women. Conclusion: Internet has become a popular source for health information finding. The high importance of the accuracy of information used by pregnant women and the vulnerability of this range of society highlight the need to equip hospital libraries with update resources of the information and amenities such as suitable seats, ventilation, and the like. Using medical librarians and informants and referral of pregnant women to these libraries by a doctor or midwife in order to obtain valid information, standardization of Persian-based digital libraries related to health, introducing valid portals for pregnant women are regarded as some important issues in this regard. Familiarizing pregnant women, especially in developing countries, with various types of content on the Internet and how to find valid information by medical librarians can facilitate the access to information for pregnant women and reduce many complications raised by the lack of reliable and valid information

Impact of Working Capital Management Policies on Financial Performance of Textile Sector: Evidence from Pakistan Stock Exchange

The study aims at  empirically explore the impact of working capital management (WCM) policies on firms performance of most notable and influential sector of textile firms listed in Pakistan stock exchange (PSX). Non-financial sector contributes 13.5% in GDP of Pakistan while textile sector is a major part of this contribution in terms of socio-economic growth in the country.  A balanced panel data of 74 Textile sample firms listed on PSX covering the period of 2011-2016 is used for analysis through fixed effect panel data regression approach. The empirical results indicate that adopting a conservative investment policy & aggressive financing policy has a positive impact on firms performance and inventory turnover in days( ITID), average collection period (ACP), SIZE & financial leverage (FL) have negative and significant impact on firms performance whereas, cash conversion cycle (CCC) has positive and significant impact on performance. Finally, average payment period (APP) has negative but insignificant impact on firm’s performance. By validating the findings with previous researches, this endeavor may contribute to the existing literature and may be beneficial to the academicians, investors; managers and policy makers while the study present recommendations that in turn bring improvements in the performance of sample firms

Is it necessary to pay attention to levels of evidence? : Comparative study in Nursing publications indexed in Scopous based on AACCN levels of evidence

Examining the evidence-based level of scientific productions is a qualitative evaluation. This study aims to examine the evidence levels of nursing scientific production of in Iran, Malaysia and Turkey and their citation in SCOPUS during 2011 to 2015. The evidence level of the products was determined using the table suggested by American Association of Critical Care Nursing-Levels of Evidence, and their citation rates in the highest level of evidence were determined using the reports of SCOPUS citation database. Based on the results, the most scientific products are related to Turkey, Iran and Malaysia, respectively. In Iran, from 1360 articles, 1193 articles are evidence- based. In Turkey, there are 1449 evidence-based articles from 1730. In Malaysia, out of 790 articles, 523 are evidence-based. Investigating of evidence levels showed that the level of scientific product of Iranian evidence-based nursing is higher than Malaysia and Turkey.C itation rate to Malaysian evidence level A is more than two other countries, and Iran and Turkey, respectively, are placed after Malaysia. So Evidence-based tendency process is growing in three countries but very slowly. In line with the moving towards the evidence-based levels, there should be regular, planned and comprehensive trainings on evidence-based performance