Regulating disasters? The role of international law in disaster prevention and management

Purpose – This article explores the role of international law in disaster prevention and management, with a particular focus on the emerging field of international disaster law, and its relationship with international human rights law. It further introduces the four articles of the special column of this journal issue, dedicated to disasters and international law. Design/methodology/approach – The analysis is based upon primary sources of legislation and policy, as well as academic literature on disasters and international law. Findings – Although the field of international disaster law is at its infancy, we argue that this emergent area does have the potential to gain widespread recognition as a distinct field of law, and that this could be of benefit for the wider disaster management community. Originality/value – The article introduces key legal features and themes relating to international law and disasters, highlighting their relevance for disaster management. The added value is to widen the discussion on aspects of disasters regulated by international law, thus facilitating the future exchange with other academic subjects and operational fields. Keywords – disasters; international law; disaster management; treaties; human rights; international disaster law; international human rights law. Paper type – Research pape

Ravaged landscapes and climate vulnerability: The challenge in achieving food security and nutrition in post-conflict Timor-Leste

Food insecurity and malnutrition are prevalent in post-conflict countries. Climate change poses further challenges to their food production. Timor-Leste is an agrarian society that won independence in 2002 and is struggling to achieve food security and reduce undernutrition as the country modernizes. The economy depends on fossil fuel revenues and oil reserves are dwindling. A review of climate, agricultural, and nutrition data reveals high weather vulnerability, low agricultural productivity, and slow dietary and nutritional progress. But solutions exist. Agricultural sector actions can make important contributions to poverty reduction, food security, dietary diversity, micronutrient sufficiency, and overall nutrition. Agriculture can be made to be more nutrition- and gender-sensitive with a focus on mixed farming systems, biodiversity, climate-smart practices, and access to inputs, training, and technologies for farmers to enable sustainable and healthy rural livelihoods. Ultimately, productivity levels must improve to support the availability of sufficient and nutritious foods

Public assistance : applicant handbook /

When a disaster or emergency occurs, it is the responsibility first of the local community and the State or Tribe to respond. However, their combined efforts at times are not sufficient to effectively address the direct results of the most serious events. These situations call for Federal assistance. The Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act (Stafford Act), 42 U.S.C. section 5121-5207, authorizes the President to provide Federal assistance to supplement State, Tribal, and local efforts. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), a component of the Department of Homeland Security, coordinates the delivery of assistance under the law and provides grants through the Public Assistance Program to help with the extraordinary costs for response and infrastructure recovery. This Handbook explains how applicants can obtain help through the Public Assistance Program. Potential recipients of this assistance include State, Tribal, and local governments and certain types of private nonprofit organizations."FEMA 323."Includes index."March 2010."Cover title.When a disaster or emergency occurs, it is the responsibility first of the local community and the State or Tribe to respond. However, their combined efforts at times are not sufficient to effectively address the direct results of the most serious events. These situations call for Federal assistance. The Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act (Stafford Act), 42 U.S.C. section 5121-5207, authorizes the President to provide Federal assistance to supplement State, Tribal, and local efforts. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), a component of the Department of Homeland Security, coordinates the delivery of assistance under the law and provides grants through the Public Assistance Program to help with the extraordinary costs for response and infrastructure recovery. This Handbook explains how applicants can obtain help through the Public Assistance Program. Potential recipients of this assistance include State, Tribal, and local governments and certain types of private nonprofit organizations.Mode of access: Internet

Clackamas County : Natural Hazards Mitigation Action Plan

302 pp. Includes maps and charts. Adopted September 2002. Captured January 24, 2006.The Clackamas County Natural Hazards Mitigation Action Plan includes resources and information to assist county residents, public and private sector organizations, and others interested in participating in planning for natural hazards. The mitigation plan provides a list of activities that may assist Clackamas County in reducing risk and preventing loss from future natural hazard events. The action items address multi-hazard issues, as well as activities for flood, landslide, severe winter storm, windstorm, wildfire, earthquake, and volcanic eruption hazards. [From the Plan

原子力緊急時支援・研修センターの活動(令和4年度)

日本原子力研究開発機構は「災害対策基本法」及び「武力攻撃事態等及び存立危機事態における我が国の平和と独立並びに国及び国民の安全の確保に関する法律」に基づき、指定公共機関(国や地方公共団体と協力して緊急事態等に対処する機関)として国及び地方公共団体等に対し、原子力災害または放射線災害への対処において、技術支援をする責務を有している。このため、日本原子力研究開発機構は原子力緊急時支援対策規程、防災業務計画及び国民保護業務計画を作成し、それらに基づき、原子力緊急時支援・研修センター(NEAT)は緊急時には支援活動の中心となり、全国を視野に入れた専門家の派遣、防災資機材の提供、防護対策のための技術的助言等の支援活動を行う。また、平常時には、我が国の防災対応体制強化・充実のための自らの訓練・研修のほか、国、地方公共団体の原子力防災関係者のための実践的な訓練・研修、原子力防災に関する調査研究及び国際協力を実施している。本報告は、原子力緊急時支援・研修センターが令和4年度に実施した活動実績を記載する。The Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) is one of the designated public corporations, which is the agency dealing with emergency situations in cooperation with the Japanese and local governments under the Disaster Countermeasures Basic Act and under the Armed Attack Situation Response Law. JAEA has, therefore, responsibilities of providing technical assistances to the Japanese and local governments in case of nuclear or radiological emergencies based on these acts. To fulfill the assistances, the JAEA has prepared the Nuclear Emergency Support Measures Regulation, Disaster Prevention Work Plan and Civil Protection Work Plan. The Nuclear Emergency Assistance and Training Center (NEAT) is the main center of the technical assistance in case of emergency, and dispatches experts of JAEA, supplies equipment and materials and gives technical advice and information, to the Japanese and local governments for emergency based on the regulation and plans. In normal time, the NEAT provides the technical assistances such as the exercises and training courses concerning the nuclear preparedness and response to the JAEA experts and to emergency responders including the Japanese and local government officers. This report introduces the results of activities in Japanese Fiscal Year 2022, conducted by the NEAT

Crisis intervention programs for disaster victims : a source book and manual for smaller communities /

Mode of access: Internet