92 research outputs found
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Measurement of the Hadronic Mass Spectrum in B to Xulnu Decaysand Determination of the b-Quark Mass at the BaBar Experiment
I present preliminary results of the measurement of the hadronic mass spectrum and its first three spectral moments in inclusive charmless semileptonic B-meson decays. The truncated hadronic mass moments are used for the first determination of the b-quark mass and the nonperturbative parameters {mu}{sub {pi}}{sup 2} and {rho}{sub D}{sup 3} in this B-meson decay channel. The study is based on 383 x 10{sup 6} B{bar B} decays collected with the BABAR experiment at the PEP-II e{sup +}e{sup -} storage rings, located at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center. The first, second central, and third central hadronic mass moment with a cut on the hadronic mass m{sub X}{sup 2} < 6.4GeV{sup 2} and the lepton momentum p* > 1 GeV are measured to be: M{sub 1} = (1.96 {+-} 0.34{sub stat} {+-} 0.53{sub syst}) GeV{sup 2}; U{sub 2} = (1.92 {+-} 0.59{sub stat} {+-} 0.87{sub syst}) GeV{sup 4}; and U{sub 3} = (1.79 {+-} 0.62{sub stat} {+-} 0.78{sub syst}) GeV{sup 6}; with correlation coefficients {rho}{sub 12} = 0.99, {rho}{sub 23} = 0.94, and {rho}{sub 13} = 0.88, respectively. Using Heavy Quark Effective Theory-based predictions in the kinetic scheme we extract: m{sub b} = (4.60 {+-} 0.13{sub stat} {+-} 0.19{sub syst} {+-} 0.10{sub theo} GeV); {mu}{sub {pi}}{sup 2} = (0.40 {+-} 0.14{sub stat} {+-} 0.20{sub syst} {+-} 0.04{sub theo}) GeV{sup 2}; {rho}{sub D}{sup 3} = (0.10 {+-} 0.02{sub stat} {+-} 0.02{sub syst} {+-} 0.07{sub theo}) GeV{sup 3}; at {mu} = 1 GeV, with correlation coefficients {rho}{sub m{sub b}{mu}{sub {pi}}{sup 2}} = -0.99, {rho}{sub {mu}{sub {pi}}{sup 2}{rho}{sub D}{sup 3}} = 0.57, and {rho}{sub m{sub b}{rho}{sub D}{sup 3}} = -0.59. The results are in good agreement with earlier determinations in inclusive charmed semileptonic and radiative penguin B-meson decays and have a similar accuracy. Through the comparison of this result to those obtained in other channels, this provides a test of the Heavy Quark Effective Theory predictions that are used for the determination of |V{sub ub}|. In addition, the measured dependence of the hadronic mass moments on the hadronic mass cut is compared to the dependence predicted by Heavy Quark Effective Theory
Breit-Wigner Enhancement of Dark Matter Annihilation
We point out that annihilation of dark matter in the galactic halo can be
enhanced relative to that in the early universe due to a Breit-Wigner tail, if
the dark matter annihilates through a pole just below the threshold. This
provides a new explanation to the "boost factor" which is suggested by the
recent data of the PAMELA, ATIC and PPB-BETS cosmic-ray experiments.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
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Geometric Transitions and Dynamical SUSY Breaking
We show that the physics of D-brane theories that exhibit dynamical SUSY breaking due to stringy instanton effects is well captured by geometric transitions, which recast the non-perturbative superpotential as a classical flux superpotential. This allows for simple engineering of Fayet, Polonyi, O'Raifeartaigh, and other canonical models of supersymmetry breaking in which an exponentially small scale of breaking can be understood either as coming from stringy instantons or as arising from the classical dynamics of fluxes
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Proposal for a High-Brightness Pulsed Electron Source
We propose a novel scheme for a high-brightness pulsed electron source, which has the potential for many useful applications in electron microscopy, inverse photo-emission, low energy electron scattering experiments, and electron holography. A description of the proposed scheme is presented
SUSY Simplified Models at 14, 33, and 100 TeV Proton Colliders
Results are presented for a variety of SUSY Simplified Models at the 14 TeV
LHC as well as a 33 and 100 TeV proton collider. Our focus is on models whose
signals are driven by colored production. We present projections of the upper
limit and discovery reach in the gluino-neutralino (for both light and heavy
flavor decays), squark-neutralino, and gluino-squark Simplified Model planes.
Depending on the model a jets + MET, mono-jet, or same-sign di-lepton search is
applied. The impact of pileup is explored. This study utilizes the Snowmass
backgrounds and combined detector. Assuming 3000 fb^{-1} of integrated
luminosity, a gluino that decays to light flavor quarks can be discovered below
2.3 TeV at the 14 TeV LHC and below 11 TeV at a 100 TeV machine.Comment: 81 pages, 55 figures; v2 journal versio
Monte Carlo Comparisons to a Cryogenic Dark Matter Search Detector with low Transition-Edge-Sensor Transition Temperature
We present results on phonon quasidiffusion and Transition Edge Sensor (TES)
studies in a large, 3 inch diameter, 1 inch thick [100] high purity germanium
crystal, cooled to 50 mK in the vacuum of a dilution refrigerator, and exposed
with 59.5 keV gamma-rays from an Am-241 calibration source. We compare
calibration data with results from a Monte Carlo which includes phonon
quasidiffusion and the generation of phonons created by charge carriers as they
are drifted across the detector by ionization readout channels. The phonon
energy is then parsed into TES based phonon readout channels and input into a
TES simulator
Direct Optical Coupling to an Unoccupied Dirac Surface State in the Topological Insulator BiSe
We characterize the occupied and unoccupied electronic structure of the
topological insulator BiSe by one-photon and two-photon angle-resolved
photoemission spectroscopy and slab band structure calculations. We reveal a
second, unoccupied Dirac surface state with similar electronic structure and
physical origin to the well-known topological surface state. This state is
energetically located 1.5 eV above the conduction band, which permits it to be
directly excited by the output of a Ti:Sapphire laser. This discovery
demonstrates the feasibility of direct ultrafast optical coupling to a
topologically protected, spin-textured surface state.Comment: Accepted to Physical Review Letter
Phonon Quasidiffusion in Cryogenic Dark Matter Search Large Germanium Detectors
We present results on quasidiffusion studies in large, 3 inch diameter, 1
inch thick [100] high purity germanium crystals, cooled to 50 mK in the vacuum
of a dilution refrigerator, and exposed with 59.5 keV gamma-rays from an Am-241
calibration source. We compare data obtained in two different detector types,
with different phonon sensor area coverage, with results from a Monte Carlo.
The Monte Carlo includes phonon quasidiffusion and the generation of phonons
created by charge carriers as they are drifted across the detector by
ionization readout channels.Comment: 13 pages, 12 figures, PHONONS201 conference proceedings;
http://psroc.phys.ntu.edu.tw/cjp/download.php?d=4&pid=271
On the influence of the cosmological constant on gravitational lensing in small systems
The cosmological constant Lambda affects gravitational lensing phenomena. The
contribution of Lambda to the observable angular positions of multiple images
and to their amplification and time delay is here computed through a study in
the weak deflection limit of the equations of motion in the Schwarzschild-de
Sitter metric. Due to Lambda the unresolved images are slightly demagnified,
the radius of the Einstein ring decreases and the time delay increases. The
effect is however negligible for near lenses. In the case of null cosmological
constant, we provide some updated results on lensing by a Schwarzschild black
hole.Comment: 8 pages, 1 figure; v2: extended discussion on the lens equation,
references added, results unchanged, in press on PR
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