EFFECT OF 4 wt% HYDROXYAPATITE PASTA ON DENTAL EMAIL HARDNESS

Introduction: Dental erosion can affect the dental demineralization due to the pH level that is below the critical pH of 5,5 resulting a decrease in dental enamel hardness. Remineralization is needed to bring back the mineral loss. Hydroxyapatite is similar to inorganic components in dental enamel dan have biocompatible properties. Hydroxyapatite with 4 wt% concentration has a Ca/P molar ratio close to 1,67, which is similar to the human enamel and can regenerate enamel. This study is aimed to analyze the effects of 4 wt% hydroxyapatite paste on dental enamel hardness for 7 and 14 days. Material and Methods: 20 maxillary premolars were divided into 4 groups. Group A1 were applied with 4 wt% hydroxyapatite paste for 30 minutes each day for 7 days, group A2 were applied with 4 wt% hydroxyapatite paste for 30 minutes each day for 14 days, group B1 were immersed with artificial saliva for 7 days, and group B2 were immersed with artificial saliva for 14 days. All groups were immersed with artificial saliva and was incubated for 24 hours at 37°C. Hardness measurements were carried out at the start, after erosion, and at the end of the experiment. Dental enamel hardness was measured with Vickers Hardness Tester (Shimadzu HMV G-21 Series). Dental enamel hardness data were analysed with GLM Repeated Measure ANOVA test (p<0,05) and One-way ANOVA test (p<0,05). Results and Discussions: The result showed dental enamel hardness number after 4 wt% hydroxyapatite paste application showed significant difference than untreated group, which was immersed in artificial saliva. Dental enamel hardness number after 4 wt% hydroxyapatite paste application for 14 days showed significant difference than 7 days. Conclusion: It can be concluded that 4 wt% hydroxyapatite paste application for 14 days resulted in an increase of dental enamel hardness as in normal condition of dental enamel before erosio

Influence of Two Root Canal Obturation Techniques with Resin Based Sealer to Enterococcus faecalis Penetration

  Introduction: Root canal treatment is done to maintain the teeth to last as long as possible in the oral cavity. This can be done with three main stages, such as biomechanical preparation, sterilization and root canal filling. The hermetic seal of root canal filling has an important role in the success of root canal treatment.   Objective: The aim of this in-vitro study is to compare the microbial leakage of root canals filled with RealSeal sealer/Resilon Points and AH Plus sealer/conventional gutta-percha points using single cone obturation technique and warm vertical compaction technique.   Methods: Thirty-two extracted human mandibular premolars with single canals were decoronated to a standardized root length of 15 mm and prepared using crown-down technique to a master apical file size 30/.09. Teeth were divided into four experimental groups (n = 7 each group) and controls (n = 1 each group). Teeth in the first group were obturated using single master gutta percha cone and AH Plus sealer and second group were obturated with single Resilon gutta percha cone using RealSeal sealer. Third experimental group was filled with warm vertical condensed gutta-percha using AH Plus sealer and fourth group was filled with warm vertical condensed Resilon gutta-percha using RealSeal sealer. The coronal chamber of each sample were inoculated with Enterococcus faecalis.   Results: There were no significant differences between the four experimental groups (P = 0.182). The differences occurred only in the survival time from each group. Group 4 (Warm Vertical Condensation - RealSeal) has the lowest leakage rate among other groups and the fastest leakage occurred in group 1 (Single Cone - AH Plus).   Conclusion: The single-cone techniques does not insure durable apical seal against bacterial leakage. Warm vertical compaction technique using Resilon gutta-percha and RealSeal sealer appears to be more effective in minimizing bacterial leakage than gutta-percha and AH Plus sealer

Utilization of Anchovy in Dentistry

Anchovy (Stolephorus sp) is a fish that usually consumed by most people in Indonesia. It is served as a famous dish in Indonesian cuisine. It is a natural source of calcium, phosphor, and fluoride. In dentistry, anchovy had been studied due to its bioactive content as bone stimulator and teeth development agent, topical fluoridative agent, and pulp capping agent. There are several methods in preparing anchovy extract that leads to different bioactive content. These variations provide several roles as biomaterial in dentistry. The latest issue regarding anchovy was its hydroxyapatite content. The previous study showed promising result and become a base of future exploration to obtain safe and effective treatment in dentistry

Computer Aided Drug Discovery Utilization in Conservative Dentistry

Computer aided drugs discovery or in silico design is bioinformatics’ contribution that supports pharmacy, medical and dentistry fields. It creates innovation in the search, design and optimization of new drug candidates. The method minimizes the use of animal models and in vitro assay laboratory work, which are very time and resources consuming processes. Even though it has big advantages, it has not been utilized frequently in conservative dentistry fields. Researches using CADD approaches in conservative dentistry shown in the reviews, used Structure-based design and Ligand-based design, both are two methods to predict compound-protein interaction. Utilized as genome identification of Streptococcus mutans, CADD can differ the genome from other bacteria and gives confirmation to polymerase chain reaction examination. CADD also beneficial to predict pharmacokinetics of drug candidates. This method exhibits great prediction in screening active compounds that have inhibition action in bacterial growth and adhesion on dental plaque. CADD approach has been used in conservative dentistry and showed great predictions to minimize numbers of trials in laboratory works. Expansion of application might boost drugs design projects in conservative dentistry