2,676 research outputs found
Microcontroller Based Soil Parameter Monitoring For Automatic Irrigation System
Agriculture field plays vital role in Indian economy. Major part of country is dependent on agriculture for their income.The food requirement of all countries are fulfilled by farmers. But now a days farmers are facing number of problems such as drought situation, seasonal plant diseases, lack of knowledge of pesticides etc. Because of this reasons farmers are not able to get enough product from agriculture field. Presently big problem faced by farmers is lack of water for agriculture. On the other hand the availability of water in different regions of the country is different. To solve this water problem we need to study the soil condition along with water availability.The soil parameters like moisture, temperature, pH etc helps in understanding the soil condition. This project works helps by monitoring soil parameters for automatic irrigation system to provide adequate amount of water to the crops
Improving the Voltage Stability and Performance of FACTS Controller in Transmission Line Network
Conventionally Shunt Compensation is used to increase the transfer capability of a transmission line. By using FACT'S controllers one can manage the variables such as voltage magnitude and phase angle at selected bus and line impedance. Objective of this paper is to recover dynamic voltage control and consequently increasing system load ability for 50 Hz Frequency. Now a day, five well known FACT'S devices generally used for this purpose. These FACT'S devices are (SVC) Static VAR Compensator, (TCSC) Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor, (STATCOM) Static Synchronous Compensator, and (UPFC) Unified Power Flow Controller and (SSSC) Static Synchronous Series Compensator.
The voltage drop occurs when a system is loaded beyond its highest load ability point, then many investigation methods have been projected for the study of this difficulty. Mainly of These techniques are based on the classification of system stability. These stable points are typically referred as points of voltage collapse. This paper present modeling and simulation of STATCOM & SVC in Matlab Simulink for dynamic voltage performance of transmission line network
Embodied Energy Audit of Residential Building
Buildings consume a vast amount of energy during the life cycle stages of construction, use and demolition. Total life cycle energy use in a building consists of two components: embodied and operational energy. Embodied energy is expended in the processes of building material production, on-site delivery, construction, maintenance, renovation and final demolition. Operational energy is consumed in operating the buildings. In this paper the review is given about energy consumption of the residential building. Energy required for various materials is calculated and energy efficient alternatives are suggested. Studies have revealed the suggestion of energy efficient alternatives materials and comparison of energy consumed by using each material. Current interpretations of embodied energy are quite unclear and vary greatly as change in site source of raw materials and embodied energy databases suffer from the problems of variation and incomparability
Improved genome editing in human cell lines using the CRISPR method
The Cas9/CRISPR system has become a popular choice for genome editing. In this system, binding of a single guide (sg) RNA to a cognate genomic sequence enables the Cas9 nuclease to induce a double-strand break at that locus. This break is next repaired by an error-prone mechanism, leading to mutation and gene disruption. In this study we describe a range of refinements of the method, including stable cell lines expressing Cas9, and a PCR based protocol for the generation of the sgRNA. We also describe a simple methodology that allows both elimination of Cas9 from cells after gene disruption and re-introduction of the disrupted gene. This advance enables easy assessment of the off target effects associated with gene disruption, as well as phenotype-based structure-function analysis. In our study, we used the Fan1 DNA repair gene as control in these experiments. Cas9/CRISPR-mediated Fan1 disruption occurred at frequencies of around 29%, and resulted in the anticipated spectrum of genotoxin hypersensitivity, which was rescued by re-introduction of Fan1
. Microwave-assisted solvothermal controlled synthesis of Fe-Co
Syntheses of bimetallic cobalt-iron-based nanoparticles starting from Co(acac)2 and Fe(acac)3 (acac = acetylacetonate) were carried out by microwave-assisted solvothermal process, using ethylene glycol as the solvent and (polyvinylpyrrolidone) PVP, as the stabilizer. Indeed, the reaction mechanism in the presence of ethylene glycol is well understood [1] with the role of PVP being the inhibition of nanoparticles growth [2]. However, the control of the morphology of the synthetized nanoparticles is still a great challenge. Herein, we demonstrated that by adding amines to the reaction mixture, it is possible to control the morphology of the prepared bimetallic cobalt-iron materials. Thus, different Co-Fe micro-composites were synthetized by an innovative microwave assisted solvothermal synthesis, which allows to considerably reduce reaction time from 12 h to 15 min, with respect to classical thermal methods. The procedure was optimized by varying several parameters, such as: amount of PVP, in the presence or in the absence of amines, reaction temperature. The dark brown obtained powders were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis, confirming the beneficial effect of the presence of the amine in the morphology of the obtained composites. The obtained results open a new scenario for further studies on the possibility to control the morphology of bimetallic composite materials.
[1] Fievet F, Lagier J P and Figlarz M Mater. Res. Soc. Bull. 24 (1989) 29–34
[2] Teranishi T, Kurita R and Miyake M J. Inorg. Organometall. Polym. 10 (2000) 145–5
EFFECT OF LOWER ETHANOL GASOLINE BLENDS ON PERFORMANCE AND EMISSION CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SINGLE CYLINDER SI ENGINE
Alcohols, basically ethanol is considered as a leading alternative fuel for automotive application because of its ability to reduce the air pollution and cost of the fuel. This paper investigates the effect of lower ethanol gasoline blends (up to 20% by volume) on performance and emission characteristics of the single cylinder four stroke SI engine. Tests were carried out for power, torque, fuel consumption and brake mean effective pressure, while exhaust emissions were analyzed for CO, CO2, and HC by using different ethanol gasoline blends on volume basis at wide open throttle and variable engine speed from 4000 to 8000 rpm. Results were compared with the pure gasoline. It showed that as the ethanol content increases the power, torque, fuel consumption, brake mean effective pressure and CO2 emission while reduces HC and CO emission
Resonance phenomena in the annular array of underdamped Josephson junctions
Appearance and origin of resonance phenomena have been studied in the annular
system of underdamped Josephson junctions. If no fluxon is trapped in the
system, dynamics is governed by the motion of fluxon-antifluxon pairs, while if
trapped fluxons are present, they can move solely but also simultaneously with
the pairs. Locking between the rotating excitations (fluxons and antifluxons)
and the Josephson frequency leads to the appearance of zero field steps in the
current-voltage characteristics, which can further exhibit branching due to
resonance between the rotating excitations and plasma oscillations in their
tale. The number of zero field steps and their branching are strongly
determined by the total number of excitations present in the system. High
resolution analysis further reveals not only some interesting properties of
zero field steps, but also shows that the current-voltage characteristics is
determined not only by the number, but also by the type of excitations, i.e.,
whether the dynamics is governed only by the motion of fluxon-antifluxon pairs
or the trapped fluxons, or they move simultaneously in the system
Sharp change over from compound nuclear fission to shape dependent quasi fission
Fission fragment mass distribution has been measured from the decay of
Bk nucleus populating via two entrance channels with slight difference
in mass asymmetries but belonging on either side of the Businaro Gallone mass
asymmetry parameter. Both the target nuclei were deformed. Near the Coulomb
barrier, at similar excitation energies the width of the fission fragment mass
distribution was found to be drastically different for the N +
Th reaction compared to the B + U reaction. The entrance
channel mass asymmetry was found to affect the fusion process sharply.Comment: 4 pages,6 figure
2-Methoxyquinoline-3-carbaldehyde
In the title compound, C11H9NO2, the quinoline ring system is essentially planar (r.m.s. deviation = 0.005 Å) and the methoxy and aldehyde groups are almost coplanar with it [N—C—O—C = 6.24 (19) and O—C—C—C = 0.3 (2)°]. In the crystal, molecules are linked by pairs of C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming centrosymmetric R
2
2(10) dimers. The dimers are linked via π–π interactions involving the pyridine and benzene rings [centroid–centroid distance = 3.639 (1) Å]
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