5 research outputs found
On the lexicographic representation of numbers
It is proven that, contrarily to the common belief, the notion of zero is not
necessary for having positional representations of numbers. Namely, for any
positive integer , a positional representation with the symbols for is given that retains all the essential properties of the usual
positional representation of base (over symbols for ).
Moreover, in this zero-free representation, a sequence of symbols identifies
the number that corresponds to the order number that the sequence has in the
ordering where shorter sequences precede the longer ones, and among sequences
of the same length the usual lexicographic ordering of dictionaries is
considered. The main properties of this lexicographic representation are proven
and conversion algorithms between lexicographic and classical positional
representations are given. Zero-free positional representations are relevantt
in the perspective of the history of mathematics, as well as, in the
perspective of emergent computation models, and of unconventional
representations of genomes.Comment: 15 page
Non-power positional number representation systems, bijective numeration, and the Mesoamerican discovery of zero
Pre-Columbian Mesoamerica was a fertile crescent for the development of number systems. A form of vigesimal system seems to have been present from the first Olmec civilization on wards, to which succeeding peoples made contributions. We discuss the Maya use of the representational redundancy present in their Long Count calendar, a non-power positional number representation system with multipliers 1, 20, 18 x 20, ..., 18 x 20(n). We demonstrate that the Mesoamericans did not need to invent positional notation and discover zero at the same time because they were not afraid of using a number system in which the same number can be written indifferent ways. A Long Count number system with digits from 0 to 20 is seen later to pass to one using digits 0 to 19, which leads us to propose that even earlier there may have been an initial zeroless bijective numeration system whose digits ran from 1 to 20. Mesoamerica was able to make this conceptual leap to the concept of a cardinal zero to perform arithmetic owing to a familiarity with multiple and redundant number representation systems