Security Issues in Manet and Counter-Measures

Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANET) are self-configuring networks of mobile nodes connected by wireless links. These nodes are able to move randomly and organize themselves and thus, the network's wireless architecture change rapidly and unpredictably. MANETs are usually utilized in situations of emergency for temporary operations or when there are no resources to set up elaborate networks. Mobile Ad-hoc Networks operate in the absence of any fixed infrastructure, which makes them easy to deploy, at the same time however, due to the absence of any fixed infrastructure, it becomes difficult to make use of the existing routing techniques for network services, and this poses a number of challenges in ensuring the security of the communication network, something that is not easily done as many of the demands of network security conflict with the demands of mobile networks due to the nature of the mobile devices (e.g. low power consumption, low processing load). Most of the ad-hoc routing protocols that address security issues rely on implicit trust relationships to route packets among participating nodes. Apart from security objectives like authentication, availability, confidentiality, and integrity, the ad-hoc routing protocols should also address location confidentiality, cooperation fairness and absence of traffic diversion. In this paper we attempt to survey security issues faced by the mobile ad-hoc network environment and provide a classification of the various security mechanisms. We also analyzed the respective strengths and vulnerabilities of the existing routing protocols and proposed a broad and comprehensive frame-work that can provide a tangible solution

Secure Routing in Wireless Mesh Networks

Wireless mesh networks (WMNs) have emerged as a promising concept to meet the challenges in next-generation networks such as providing flexible, adaptive, and reconfigurable architecture while offering cost-effective solutions to the service providers. Unlike traditional Wi-Fi networks, with each access point (AP) connected to the wired network, in WMNs only a subset of the APs are required to be connected to the wired network. The APs that are connected to the wired network are called the Internet gateways (IGWs), while the APs that do not have wired connections are called the mesh routers (MRs). The MRs are connected to the IGWs using multi-hop communication. The IGWs provide access to conventional clients and interconnect ad hoc, sensor, cellular, and other networks to the Internet. However, most of the existing routing protocols for WMNs are extensions of protocols originally designed for mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) and thus they perform sub-optimally. Moreover, most routing protocols for WMNs are designed without security issues in mind, where the nodes are all assumed to be honest. In practical deployment scenarios, this assumption does not hold. This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of security issues in WMNs and then particularly focuses on secure routing in these networks. First, it identifies security vulnerabilities in the medium access control (MAC) and the network layers. Various possibilities of compromising data confidentiality, data integrity, replay attacks and offline cryptanalysis are also discussed. Then various types of attacks in the MAC and the network layers are discussed. After enumerating the various types of attacks on the MAC and the network layer, the chapter briefly discusses on some of the preventive mechanisms for these attacks.Comment: 44 pages, 17 figures, 5 table

An Unobservable Secure Routing Protocol with Wormhole Attack Prevention for Mobile Ad-Hoc Network

Abstract Privacy preserving routing is crucial i

A Comprehensive Survey on Routing and Security in Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks

With the continuous advances in mobile wirelesssensor networks (MWSNs), the research community hasresponded to the challenges and constraints in the design of thesenetworks by proposing efficient routing protocols that focus onparticular performance metrics such as residual energy utilization,mobility, topology, scalability, localization, data collection routing,Quality of Service (QoS), etc. In addition, the introduction ofmobility in WSN has brought new challenges for the routing,stability, security, and reliability of WSNs. Therefore, in thisarticle, we present a comprehensive and meticulous investigationin the routing protocols and security challenges in the theory ofMWSNs which was developed in recent years

A Comprehensive Survey on Routing and Security in Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks

With the continuous advances in mobile wirelesssensor networks (MWSNs), the research community hasresponded to the challenges and constraints in the design of thesenetworks by proposing efficient routing protocols that focus onparticular performance metrics such as residual energy utilization,mobility, topology, scalability, localization, data collection routing,Quality of Service (QoS), etc. In addition, the introduction ofmobility in WSN has brought new challenges for the routing,stability, security, and reliability of WSNs. Therefore, in thisarticle, we present a comprehensive and meticulous investigationin the routing protocols and security challenges in the theory ofMWSNs which was developed in recent years

Efficiency and Accuracy Enhancement of Intrusion Detection System Using Feature Selection and Cross-layer Mechanism

The dramatic increase in the number of connected devices and the significant growth of the network traffic data have led to many security vulnerabilities and cyber-attacks. Hence, developing new methods to secure the network infrastructure and protect data from malicious and unauthorized access becomes a vital aspect of communication network design. Intrusion Detection Systems (IDSs), as common widely used security techniques, are critical to detect network attacks and unauthorized network access and thus minimize further cyber-attack damages. However, there are a number of weaknesses that need to be addressed to make reliable IDS for real-world applications. One of the fundamental challenges is the large number of redundant and non-relevant data. Feature selection emerges as a necessary step in efficient IDS design to overcome high dimensionality problem and enhance the performance of IDS through the reduction of its complexity and the acceleration of the detection process. Moreover, detection algorithm has significant impact on the performance of IDS. Machine learning techniques are widely used in such systems which is studied in details in this dissertation. One of the most destructive activities in wireless networks such as MANET is packet dropping. The existence of the intrusive attackers in the network is not the only cause of packet loss. In fact, packet drop can occur because of faulty network. Hence, in order detect the packet dropping caused by a malicious activity of an attacker, information from various layers of the protocol is needed to detect malicious packet loss effectively. To this end, a novel cross-layer design for malicious packet loss detection in MANET is proposed using features from physical layer, network layer and MAC layer to make a better detection decision. Trust-based mechanism is adopted in this design and a packet loss free routing algorithm is presented accordingly

CONTRADICTION BASED GRAY-HOLE ATTACK MINIMIZATION FOR AD-HOC NETWORKS

 The development for other rising advance technology for example, IoT and portable information correspondence frameworks are sought after for security purposes. A strategy for limiting the Gray-Hole attack in an AD-HOC arrange is necessary for better information recovery. This attack don't work after the attack has initiated, it utilizes the interior learning of the AODV protocol and OLSR protocol to avoid the Gray-Hole attack. Mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) is a remote arrange that can exchange the data from source to goal remotely, Because of the open open communication media the portable specially appointed organize has some security limitations there are the possibility of information leakage in the network Gray-hole attack, black-hole attack, wormhole attack are the major threats in the mobile ad-hoc network. In Gray-hole attack specific dropping of the bundles happens, and the data can't be additionally transmitted .this paper examine the proper arrangements and built up the reasonable arrangement to keep the system from the Gray- hole attack.&nbsp

Scalable and Secure Multicast Routing for Mobile Ad-hoc Networks

Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks (MANETs) are decentralized and autonomous communication systems: They can be used to provide connectivity when a natural disaster has brought down the infrastructure, or they can support freedom of speech in countries with governmental Internet restrictions. MANET design requires careful attention to scalability and security due to low-capacity and error-prone wireless links as well as the openness of these systems. In this thesis, we address the issue of multicast as a means to efficiently support the MANET application of group communication on the network layer. To this aim, we first survey the research literature on the current state of the art in MANET routing, and we identify a gap between scalability and security in multicast routing protocols–two aspects that were only considered in isolation until now. We then develop an explicit multicast protocol based on the design of a secure unicast protocol, aiming to maintain its security properties while introducing minimal overhead. Our simulation results reveal that our protocol reduces bandwidth utilization in group communication scenarios by up to 45 % compared to the original unicast protocol, while providing significantly better resilience under blackhole attacks. A comparison with pure flooding allows us to identify a practical group size limit, and we present ideas for better large-group support