IMPROVED PSO BASED DRIVER’S DROWSINESS DETECTION USING FUZZY CLASSIFIER

In this drowsiness detection framework two actions including brain and visual features are utilised to distinguish the various levels of drowsiness. These actions are provided by the EEG and EOG signal brain actions. From the EEG and EOG signals the peculiarities like mean, peak, pitch, maximum, minimum, standard deviation are assessed . In these peculiarities we decide on some best attributes - peak and pitch employing an IPSO strategy that picks up the best threshold esteem. These signals are then offered into the STFT which is employed to discover the signal length, producing a STFT network from the intermittent hamming window,the output of which are energy signals alpha and beta. These energy signals are offered into the MCT to get an alpha mean and a beta mean -the most chosen and outstanding attributes. These are then subjected to fuzzy based classification to give a precise result checking over the maximum values in the alpha and the beta series . &nbsp

Sistemas de detección de somnolencia en conductores: inicio, desarrollo y futuro

Traffic and industrial accidents are caused by many different factors. Some are due to human error and others, mechanical failure. In an effort to protect lives, many systems have been invented to minimize the impact of such accidents; however, prevention is now understood as more important than minimizing damage after the accident has already taken place. Among the most common human errors that lead to accidents is when a driver or industrial operator is overtired, fatigued or feeling drowsy. Research on this subject began 60 years ago and has developed numerous innovative time systems for detecting states of drowsiness in people using computer vision techniques. There has also been a rising interest in the analysis of brain signals that very precisely determine the different stages of sleep. This paper will review each of the techniques used to detect drowsiness and their importance as active prevention systems for traffic and industrial accidents.Muchas son las causas de accidentes de tránsito e industriales a nivel mundial, algunas de estos suceden por errores humanos y otros por fallas mecánicas. El hombre en su afán de proteger vidas, ha inventado sistemas que minimicen el impacto de estos accidentes, pero más que disminuir el daño ahora se piensa en la prevención de los mismos. Uno de los errores humanos más comunes que terminan en accidentes es cuando el conductor u operario industrial es víctima de fatiga y/o somnolencia. Las investigaciones sobre este tema que comenzaron hace 60 años han dejado a través del tiempo novedosos sistemas que permiten determinar el estado de somnolencia de las personas usando técnicas de visión por computador, y un naciente interés por el análisis de señales cerebrales que determinan de forma aún más precisa las diferentes etapas del sueño. En este trabajo se presentan cada una de las técnicas empleadas hasta el momento para detectar somnolencia y su importancia como sistema activo de prevención de accidentes de tránsito e industriales

Graphene textiles towards soft wearable interfaces for electroocular remote control of objects

Study of eye movements (EMs) and measurement of the resulting biopotentials, referred to as electrooculography (EOG), may find increasing use in applications within the domain of activity recognition, context awareness, mobile human-computer interaction (HCI) applications, and personalized medicine provided that the limitations of conventional “wet” electrodes are addressed. To overcome the limitations of conventional electrodes, this work, reports for the first time the use and characterization of graphene-based electroconductive textile electrodes for EOG acquisition using a custom-designed embedded eye tracker. This self-contained wearable device consists of a headband with integrated textile electrodes and a small, pocket-worn, battery-powered hardware with real-time signal processing which can stream data to a remote device over Bluetooth. The feasibility of the developed gel-free, flexible, dry textile electrodes was experimentally authenticated through side-by-side comparison with pre-gelled, wet, silver/silver chloride (Ag/AgCl) electrodes, where the simultaneously and asynchronous recorded signals displayed correlation of up to ~87% and ~91% respectively over durations reaching hundred seconds and repeated on several participants. Additionally, an automatic EM detection algorithm is developed and the performance of the graphene-embedded “all-textile” EM sensor and its application as a control element toward HCI is experimentally demonstrated. The excellent success rate ranging from 85% up to 100% for eleven different EM patterns demonstrates the applicability of the proposed algorithm in wearable EOG-based sensing and HCI applications with graphene textiles. The system-level integration and the holistic design approach presented herein which starts from fundamental materials level up to the architecture and algorithm stage is highlighted and will be instrumental to advance the state-of-the-art in wearable electronic devices based on sensing and processing of electrooculograms

Physiological Approach To Characterize Drowsiness In Simulated Flight Operations During Window Of Circadian Low

Drowsiness is a psycho-physiological transition from awake towards falling sleep and its detection is crucial in aviation industries. It is a common cause for pilot’s error due to unpredictable work hours, longer flight periods, circadian disruption, and insufficient sleep. The pilots’ are prone towards higher level of drowsiness during window of circadian low (2:00 am- 6:00 am). Airplanes require complex operations and lack of alertness increases accidents. Aviation accidents are much disastrous and early drowsiness detection helps to reduce such accidents. This thesis studied physiological signals during drowsiness from 18 commercially-rated pilots in flight simulator. The major aim of the study was to observe the feasibility of physiological signals to predict drowsiness. In chapter 3, the spectral behavior of electroencephalogram (EEG) was studied via power spectral density and coherence. The delta power reduced and alpha power increased significantly (