3,208 research outputs found
eStorys: A visual storyboard system supporting back-channel communication for emergencies
This is the post-print version of the final paper published in Journal of Visual Languages & Computing. The published article is available from the link below. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. Copyright @ 2010 Elsevier B.V.In this paper we present a new web mashup system for helping people and professionals to retrieve information about emergencies and disasters. Today, the use of the web during emergencies, is confirmed by the employment of systems like Flickr, Twitter or Facebook as demonstrated in the cases of Hurricane Katrina, the July 7, 2005 London bombings, and the April 16, 2007 shootings at Virginia Polytechnic University. Many pieces of information are currently available on the web that can be useful for emergency purposes and range from messages on forums and blogs to georeferenced photos. We present here a system that, by mixing information available on the web, is able to help both people and emergency professionals in rapidly obtaining data on emergency situations by using multiple web channels. In this paper we introduce a visual system, providing a combination of tools that demonstrated to be effective in such emergency situations, such as spatio/temporal search features, recommendation and filtering tools, and storyboards. We demonstrated the efficacy of our system by means of an analytic evaluation (comparing it with others available on the web), an usability evaluation made by expert users (students adequately trained) and an experimental evaluation with 34 participants.Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and Universidad Carlos III de Madrid and
Banco Santander
Learning Visual Clothing Style with Heterogeneous Dyadic Co-occurrences
With the rapid proliferation of smart mobile devices, users now take millions
of photos every day. These include large numbers of clothing and accessory
images. We would like to answer questions like `What outfit goes well with this
pair of shoes?' To answer these types of questions, one has to go beyond
learning visual similarity and learn a visual notion of compatibility across
categories. In this paper, we propose a novel learning framework to help answer
these types of questions. The main idea of this framework is to learn a feature
transformation from images of items into a latent space that expresses
compatibility. For the feature transformation, we use a Siamese Convolutional
Neural Network (CNN) architecture, where training examples are pairs of items
that are either compatible or incompatible. We model compatibility based on
co-occurrence in large-scale user behavior data; in particular co-purchase data
from Amazon.com. To learn cross-category fit, we introduce a strategic method
to sample training data, where pairs of items are heterogeneous dyads, i.e.,
the two elements of a pair belong to different high-level categories. While
this approach is applicable to a wide variety of settings, we focus on the
representative problem of learning compatible clothing style. Our results
indicate that the proposed framework is capable of learning semantic
information about visual style and is able to generate outfits of clothes, with
items from different categories, that go well together.Comment: ICCV 201
Portinari: A Data Exploration Tool to Personalize Cervical Cancer Screening
Socio-technical systems play an important role in public health screening
programs to prevent cancer. Cervical cancer incidence has significantly
decreased in countries that developed systems for organized screening engaging
medical practitioners, laboratories and patients. The system automatically
identifies individuals at risk of developing the disease and invites them for a
screening exam or a follow-up exam conducted by medical professionals. A triage
algorithm in the system aims to reduce unnecessary screening exams for
individuals at low-risk while detecting and treating individuals at high-risk.
Despite the general success of screening, the triage algorithm is a
one-size-fits all approach that is not personalized to a patient. This can
easily be observed in historical data from screening exams. Often patients rely
on personal factors to determine that they are either at high risk or not at
risk at all and take action at their own discretion. Can exploring patient
trajectories help hypothesize personal factors leading to their decisions? We
present Portinari, a data exploration tool to query and visualize future
trajectories of patients who have undergone a specific sequence of screening
exams. The web-based tool contains (a) a visual query interface (b) a backend
graph database of events in patients' lives (c) trajectory visualization using
sankey diagrams. We use Portinari to explore diverse trajectories of patients
following the Norwegian triage algorithm. The trajectories demonstrated
variable degrees of adherence to the triage algorithm and allowed
epidemiologists to hypothesize about the possible causes.Comment: Conference paper published at ICSE 2017 Buenos Aires, at the Software
Engineering in Society Track. 10 pages, 5 figure
Algorithms that Remember: Model Inversion Attacks and Data Protection Law
Many individuals are concerned about the governance of machine learning
systems and the prevention of algorithmic harms. The EU's recent General Data
Protection Regulation (GDPR) has been seen as a core tool for achieving better
governance of this area. While the GDPR does apply to the use of models in some
limited situations, most of its provisions relate to the governance of personal
data, while models have traditionally been seen as intellectual property. We
present recent work from the information security literature around `model
inversion' and `membership inference' attacks, which indicate that the process
of turning training data into machine learned systems is not one-way, and
demonstrate how this could lead some models to be legally classified as
personal data. Taking this as a probing experiment, we explore the different
rights and obligations this would trigger and their utility, and posit future
directions for algorithmic governance and regulation.Comment: 15 pages, 1 figur
Development of an Ontology of Tourist Attractions for Recommending Points of Interest in a Group Recommender System for Tourism
In recent years, the tourism industry has witnessed substantial growth, thanks to the pro liferation of digital technology and online platforms. Tourists now have greater access to
information and the ability to make informed travel decisions. However, the abundance
of available information often leaves tourists overwhelmed when selecting points of inter est (POI) that align with their preferences. Recommender Systems (RS) have emerged as
a solution, personalising recommendations based on tourist behaviour, social networks, and
contextual factors. To enhance RS efficacy, researchers have begun exploring the integration
of psychological factors, such as personality traits. Yet, to meet the demands of modern
tourists, a robust knowledge base, such as a tourist attractions ontology, is essential for
seamless and rapid matching of tourist characteristics and preferences with available POI.
With that in mind, this project aims to enhance a Group Recommender System (GRS)
prototype, GrouPlanner, by creating a robust tourist attractions ontology. This ontology
will facilitate rapid and accurate matching of points of interest with tourists’ character istics, including personality, preferences, and demographic data, ultimately improving POI
recommendations.
First, there needs to be an understanding of the personality of tourists and how it influences
their choices when it comes to picking the best point of interest based on their personality.
With that knowledge acquired, it is time to choose a way to represent this knowledge in the
form of an ontology.
In this project, the Protégé ontology editor was used to design the ontology and the rela tionships between the tourists’ personality and the points of interest. After designing the
ontology, it had to be converted to a database so the Grouplanner system could access it.
So, to do that, a solution was designed to integrate the designed ontology in a triple store
data base, in this case, Apache Fuseki.
With the database implemented, several tests were made to verify if the database would
give the recommended points of interests based on the tourists’ preferences. This tests were
later analysed.Nos anos mais recentes, a indústria do turismo presenciou um crescimento substancial dev ido à tecnologia digital e plataformas online. Cada vez mais, os turistas têm acesso a uma
abundância de informação que influencia a habilidade de tomar decisões sobre viajar. No
entanto, esta informação pode complicar a seleção dos pontos de interesse que alinhem com
as preferências dos turistas. Para combater isso, sistemas de recomendação (SR) emergi ram como uma solução, personalizando as recomendações com base no comportamento do
turista, redes socias e outros fatores. Para aumentar a eficácia destes sistemas, os investi gadores começaram a explorar a possibilidade de integração com fatores psicológicos, como
traços de personalidade. Apesar disso, para cumprir as exigências dos turistas modernos,
uma base de conhecimento robusta, como uma ontologia de atrações turísticas, é essencial
para, de forma eficaz e eficiente, corresponder as características dos turistas com os pontos
de interesse disponíveis.
Com isso em mente, este projeto tem como objetivo melhorar um protótipo de um sistema
de recomendação (GrouPlanner), criando uma ontologia robusta de atrações turísticas. Essa
ontologia facilitará a correspondência rápida e precisa de pontos de interesse com as car acterísticas dos turistas, incluindo a sua personalidade e as suas preferências, melhorando
assim as recomendações de pontos de interesse.
Em primeiro lugar, é necessário compreender a personalidade dos turistas e como ela influ encia as suas escolhas ao selecionar o melhor ponto de interesse com base na sua person alidade. Com esse ponto adquirido, é necessário escolher uma maneira de representar esse
conhecimento na forma de uma ontologia.
Neste projeto, o editor de ontologias Protégé foi utilizado para projetar a ontologia e as
relações entre a personalidade dos turistas e os pontos de interesse. Após a construção da
ontologia, foi necessário convertê-la numa base de dados para que o sistema Grouplanner
pudesse ter acesso. Para isso, foi desenhada uma solução para integrar a ontologia projetada
numa base de dados "triple store", neste caso, o Apache Fuseki.
Com a base de dados implementada, foram realizados vários testes para verificar se esta
forneceria os pontos de interesse recomendados com base nas preferências dos turistas.
Esses testes foram depois analisados
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