The Four Principles of Geographic Routing

Geographic routing consists in using the position information of nodes to assist in the routing process, and has been a widely studied subject in sensor networks. One of the outstanding challenges facing geographic routing has been its applicability. Authors either make some broad assumptions on an idealized version of wireless networks which are often unverifiable, or they use costly methods to planarize the communication graph. The overarching questions that drive us are the following. When, and how should we use geographic routing? Is there a criterion to tell whether a communication network is fit for geographic routing? When exactly does geographic routing make sense? In this paper we formulate the four principles that define geographic routing and explore their topological consequences. Given a localized communication network, we then define and compute its geographic eccentricity, which measures its fitness for geographic routing. Finally we propose a distributed algorithm that either enables geographic routing on the network or proves that its geographic eccentricity is too high.Comment: This manuscript on geographic routing incoporates team feedback and expanded experiment

Reliable geocasting for random-access underwater acoustic sensor networks

a b s t r a c t Reliable data delivery for underwater acoustic sensor networks is a major concern in applications such as surveillance, data collection, navigation, and ocean monitoring. Geocasting is a crucial communication primitive needed to support these applications, which consists in transmitting one or multiple consecutive data packets -all carrying an atomic message -to nodes located in a certain geographic region. In this article, two versions of a distributed, reliable, and efficient underwater geocasting solution (based on different degrees of neighbor information) are proposed for underwater networks whose acoustic modems use random-access Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols. By jointly considering the position uncertainty of nodes as well as the MAC and routing functionalities, packet transmissions are prioritized and scheduled so to maximize link reliability while limiting the end-to-end geocasting delay. Moreover, a simple yet effective timer-based mechanism is designed to limit the number of transmissions by selecting only a subset of neighbors for packet forwarding. Performance is evaluated and compared via thorough simulations against existing geocasting solutions tuned for the underwater environment that were originally designed for terrestrial wireless networks

Spatiotemporal Multicast and Partitionable Group Membership Service

The recent advent of wireless mobile ad hoc networks and sensor networks creates many opportunities and challenges. This thesis explores some of them. In light of new application requirements in such environments, it proposes a new multicast paradigm called spatiotemporal multicast for supporting ad hoc network applications which require both spatial and temporal coordination. With a focus on a special case of spatiotemporal multicast, called mobicast, this work proposes several novel protocols and analyzes their performances. This dissertation also investigates implications of mobility on the classical group membership problem in distributed computing, proposes a new specification for a partitionable group membership service catering to applications on wireless mobile ad hoc networks, and provides a mobility-aware algorithm and middleware for this service. The results of this work bring new insights into the design and analysis of spatiotemporal communication protocols and fault-tolerant computing in wireless mobile ad hoc networks

LVMM: The Localized Vehicular Multicast Middleware - a Framework for Ad Hoc Inter-Vehicles Multicast Communications

This thesis defines a novel semantic for multicast in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) and it defines a middleware, the Localized Vehicular Multicast Middleware (LVMM) that enables minimum cost, source-based multicast communications in VANETs. The middleware provides support to find vehicles suitable to sustain multicast communications, to maintain multicast groups, and to execute a multicast routing protocol, the Vehicular Multicast Routing Protocol (VMRP), that delivers messages of multicast applications to all the recipients utilizing a loop-free, minimum cost path from each source to all the recipients. LVMM does not require a vehicle to know all other members: only knowledge of directly reachable nodes is required to perform the source-based routing

Empty cell management for grid based resource discovery protocols in ad hoc networks

Master'sMASTER OF ENGINEERIN

Optimized acquisition of spatially distributed phenomena in public sensing systems

Nowadays, an increasing number of popular consumer electronics is shipped with a variety of sensors. The usage of these as a wireless sensing platform, where users are the key architectural component, and ubiquitous access to communication infrastructure has established a new application area called public sensing. We present an opportunistic public sensing system that allows for a flexible and efficient acquisition of sensor readings. This work considers the usage of smartphones as a sensor network in a model-driven sensor data acquisition. We focus on efficiency of query dissemination to mobile nodes, while retaining high effectiveness regarding defined sensing quality of collected data. We adopted and extended an existing geographic routing protocol to design an efficient com- munication system that executes model-driven data acquisition and is robust to changing sensors availability. We use in-network processing paradigm to efficiently distribute queries to mobile nodes and to collect results afterwards. The developed approach was simulated using OMNeT++ network simulator. To verify implemented algorithms and test the overall system performance, we run simulations in different scenarios and evaluate them using adequate cov- erage metrics. Moreover, we verify our intuitive extension to adopted routing protocol and show that it can have a strong impact on the efficiency of protocol in question

Job Searching Mobile Application using Location Awareness

This document provides the description for the FYP project titled "job Searching Mobile Application using Location Awareness" .Location awareness is an important feature that could help the user to know the availability of job vacancy at their current location. However, the current job searching websites does not equip with this feature. Therefore, the objective of the research paper is to study how location awareness feature can be applied in job searching application using mobile computing as the platform. This mobile application was developed for Android Operating System, which it could help the user to search for part time job vacancy using location awareness feature. The location awareness features could be done in mobile application using the Global Positioning Technology (GPS) which it will detect the user's longitude and latitude. Subsequently, the longitude and latitude will be converted into strings and will be compared with the database. The data that match the database will be prompted to user. The mobile application has gone through the user acceptance test with 30 users has tested the software. Using Android, an open source operating system as the platform of the mobile application, it targeted the user with Android smart phone to benefit using this mobile application. As the conclusion, location awareness is a new feature that is relevant to job searching process and it has been proven with the development of this mobile application