Design and semantics of form and movement (DeSForM 2006)

Design and Semantics of Form and Movement (DeSForM) grew from applied research exploring emerging design methods and practices to support new generation product and interface design. The products and interfaces are concerned with: the context of ubiquitous computing and ambient technologies and the need for greater empathy in the pre-programmed behaviour of the ‘machines’ that populate our lives. Such explorative research in the CfDR has been led by Young, supported by Kyffin, Visiting Professor from Philips Design and sponsored by Philips Design over a period of four years (research funding £87k). DeSForM1 was the first of a series of three conferences that enable the presentation and debate of international work within this field: • 1st European conference on Design and Semantics of Form and Movement (DeSForM1), Baltic, Gateshead, 2005, Feijs L., Kyffin S. & Young R.A. eds. • 2nd European conference on Design and Semantics of Form and Movement (DeSForM2), Evoluon, Eindhoven, 2006, Feijs L., Kyffin S. & Young R.A. eds. • 3rd European conference on Design and Semantics of Form and Movement (DeSForM3), New Design School Building, Newcastle, 2007, Feijs L., Kyffin S. & Young R.A. eds. Philips sponsorship of practice-based enquiry led to research by three teams of research students over three years and on-going sponsorship of research through the Northumbria University Design and Innovation Laboratory (nuDIL). Young has been invited on the steering panel of the UK Thinking Digital Conference concerning the latest developments in digital and media technologies. Informed by this research is the work of PhD student Yukie Nakano who examines new technologies in relation to eco-design textiles

Smartphone apps usage patterns as a predictor of perceived stress levels at workplace

Explosion of number of smartphone apps and their diversity has created a fertile ground to study behaviour of smartphone users. Patterns of app usage, specifically types of apps and their duration are influenced by the state of the user and this information can be correlated with the self-reported state of the users. The work in this paper is along the line of understanding patterns of app usage and investigating relationship of these patterns with the perceived stress level within the workplace context. Our results show that using a subject-centric behaviour model we can predict stress levels based on smartphone app usage. The results we have achieved, of average accuracy of 75% and precision of 85.7%, can be used as an indicator of overall stress levels in work environments and in turn inform stress reduction organisational policies, especially when considering interrelation between stress and productivity of workers

The Role of Executive Function in Impulsive Consumer Purchasing Behavior

This study was designed to investigate the relationships between executive function, impulsivity, and personality within consumer behavior. In particular, this study tested whether executive function influences consumer decision making. In order to answer that question, three datasets were analyzed. In Study 1A, a dataset was collected of self-report measures (N=6,122) and was analyzed to investigate the role of executive function with impulsiveness and personality on consumer behavior. In this dataset, a self-report measure for executive function (EFI) was employed. In Study 1B., a second data set (N=6,000) of self-report measures was collected and analyzed to validate the results from the first data set. In Study 2, behavioral measures of inhibitory control, cognitive flexibility, and working memory capacity were subsequently analyzed to identify relations with consumer behavior. Additionally, a correlational analysis was conducted on the self-report measure Executive Function Index (EFI), with cognitive measures previously determined to measure cognitive flexibility, working memory, and executive attention in order to identify variance overlap with executive functioning. Results for these studies demonstrated that components of executive function—particularly inhibitory control and working memory capacity—are related to impulsive consumer decision making. Further, these data illuminate the relation between a self-report measure of executive function and performance-based assessments. It appears that the Executive Function Index may be more closely related to self-reported personality than to task-based inhibition, working memory, or cognitive flexibility

Analyzing the Use of Camera Glasses in the Wild

Camera glasses enable people to capture point-of-view videos using a common accessory, hands-free. In this paper, we investigate how, when, and why people used one such product: Spectacles. We conducted 39 semi-structured interviews and surveys with 191 owners of Spectacles. We found that the form factor elicits sustained usage behaviors, and opens opportunities for new use-cases and types of content captured. We provide a usage typology, and highlight societal and individual factors that influence the classification of behaviors.Comment: In Proceedings of the 37th Annual ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI 2019). ACM, New York, NY, US

Non-conscious Effects of Marketing Communication and Implicit Attitude Change: State of Research and New Perspectives

International audienceThe article shows that many psychological effects of the marketing communication, sometimes called "non-conscious effects", really produce implicit attitude changes. We show that the theoretical and methodological framework of implicit attitude is well adapted to study these effects and to open new perspectives to study the persuasion in a marketing communication context. On the basis of research conducted within advertising contexts, product placement and TV sponsorship, four types of non-conscious influences are examined: a) non-conscious perception of brands, b) low-attention and forgotten exposures, c) attitude conditioning, d) brand insertion into emotional contexts. While discussing the contributions and limitations of major research methodologies, we highlight new perspectives likely to further the progress of research. We open up new perspectives first to increase the ecological and theoretical validity of methodologies; secondly, to improve the validity of effects measure. At a practical level, we posit that the measures of effects currently used by advertising agencies and advertisers underestimate the effects of marketing communication campaigns. A third research perspective endeavors to better understand the links between implicit and explicit attitudes on the one hand, and behavior on the other hand. The article gives some basis to the field called by some people "neuromarketing".L'article dresse d'abord une synthèse de la littérature concernant les effets non conscients de la communication-marketing (publicité à la télévision ou sur Internet, placement de produit, parrainage télévisuel...). Il explique les processus psychologiques qui sous-tendent les effets en montrant que le contexte théorique et méthodologique de la cognition implicite (attitude et mémoire implicites) est adapté pour mieux comprendre de tels effets. Quatre types d'influence non conscientes sont examinés : la perception non consciente des marques, les expositions en faible attention et aussitôt oubliées, le conditionnement des attitudes, l'insertion des marques dans des contextes émotionnels. Après avoir discuté des principales contributions et limites des méthodologies de recherche dans ce champ, nous ouvrons de nouvelles perspectives de recherche afin d'accroître les validités théoriques et écologiques des méthodologies utilisées. À un niveau pratique,il semblerait que les mesures d'efficacité actuellement utilisées par les agences de publicité et les annonceurs sous-estiment les effets réels des campagnes de communication marketing en partie non conscients. L'article intéresse également les spécialistes du "neuromarketing" (même si ce terme et sa finalité sont critiquables...)

Eco-Fashion Consumption: Cognitive-Experiential Self-Theory

This study integrates the simple information-processing model (Bettman, 1979) and the cognitive-experiential self-theory (Epstein, 1998) to delineate the hierarchical structure of individual differences, responses, and consumer behavioral tendencies toward eco-fashion. The results indicate that consumers’ need for variety positively influences their affective responses and eventually their purchase intention toward and willingness to pay more for eco-fashion. However, the results do not support the relationship between consumers’ fashion interest and affective responses. Moreover, consumers’ ecological consciousness and social consciousness positively influence their cognitive responses and eventually their purchase intention and willingness to pay more toward eco-fashion. Further, consumers’ cognitive responses have very strong effects on their affective responses toward eco-fashion. The model developed for this study has broadened the application of IOP (Information Processing Model) and CEST (Cognitive-Experiential Self-Theory). First, the results reveal that affective responses and cognitive responses to eco-fashion are determined by individual differences in need for variety, ecological consciousness, and social consciousness. Second, the results provide empirical evidence of the cognitive-affective response approach in an eco-fashion context. Moreover, when consumers’ behaviors are driven by logic thinking, their cognitive dissonance can be reduced because consumers’ logic thinking can lead to their favorable feelings toward eco-fashion and reduce their discomfort about eco-fashion’s high price and the lack of aesthetic design. A closer examination of the results reveals that ecological consciousness has a stronger impact on cognitive responses than social consciousness, indicating that consumers’ ecological consciousness is a particularly important predictor of their cognitive responses. In addition, cognitive responses toward eco-fashion have stronger effects on purchase intention than affective responses toward eco-fashion, implying that consumers’ cognitive responses are much stronger predictors of their purchase intention toward eco-fashion. To effectively promote eco-fashion, marketers can encourage consumers’ desire for variety by emphasizing the innovative attributes of eco-fashion offerings and diversifying the styles and designs of eco-fashion to enhance consumers’ affective responses. Marketers can also advertise ecological attributes of eco-fashion such as low impact dyes to enhance consumers’ cognitive responses. The positive cognitive responses can eventually enhance consumers’ affective responses because their cognitive responses have a very strong effect on their affective responses

Reflection of self-serving biases on memory representations : the unconscious effects of hedonic and utilitarian consumption

The literature on consumer behavior already revealed that hedonic consumption suffers from the stigma of being considered as wasteful and unnecessary due to underlying cultural and religious beliefs. Therefore, consumers indulging in hedonic consumption commonly experience feelings of guilt and need for justification. Additionally, people act according to the sacrosanct belief that the self is a moral, lovable, and capable individual. When they are threatened by potential evidence that is in contrast with that belief, consumers unconsciously adapt their behavior to restore a flattering self-image. This study tackles the implications of hedonic and utilitarian consumption by investigating the reflection of self-serving biases on memory, which is subject to distortions through a process called belief-harmonization. The feeling of guilt related to hedonic consumption is expected to activate compensatory mechanisms and lead to the occurrence of memory distortions. An online survey was distributed, dividing participants into two manipulation conditions: self threat and self-affirmation. Respondents were presented with a situation in which they theoretically purchased a product that featured both hedonic and utilitarian attributes, which they had to recall a few minutes later, after a distraction task. The results exhibited a strong impact of hedonism and utilitarianism on memory distortions, which have been amplified by the manipulation. Participants exposed to self-threat recalled more utilitarian features then hedonic, whereas those exposed to self-affirmation were more inclined to remember a greater number of hedonic attributes.A literatura sobre comportamento do consumidor já revelou que o consumo hedónico sofre do estigma de ser considerado um desperdício e desnecessário devido às crenças culturais e religiosas subjacentes. Portanto, os consumidores que incorrem em consumo hedónico comumente experimentam sentimentos de culpa e necessidade de justificação. Além disso, as pessoas agem de acordo com a crença sacrossanta de que o eu é um indivíduo moral, amável e capaz. Quando são ameaçados por potenciais evidências que contrastam com essa crença, os consumidores subconscientemente adaptam o seu comportamento para restaurar uma autoimagem positiva. Este estudo aborda as implicações do consumo hedónico e utilitário investigando o reflexo de enviesamentos egoístas na memória, que está sujeita a distorções por meio de um processo denominado harmonização de crenças. Espera-se que o sentimento de culpa associado ao consumo hedónico ative mecanismos compensatórios e leve à ocorrência de distorções de memória. Um inquérito online foi distribuído, dividindo os participantes em duas condições de manipulação: auto-ameaça e autoafirmação. Os entrevistados foram apresentados a uma situação em que, teoricamente, compraram um produto que apresentava atributos hedónicos e utilitários, dos quais eles se deveriam lembrar alguns minutos depois, após uma tarefa de distração. Os resultados exibiram um forte impacto do hedonismo e do utilitarismo nas distorções da memória, ampliadas pela manipulação. Os participantes expostos à auto-ameaça relembraram mais características utilitárias do que hedónicas, enquanto aqueles expostos à autoafirmação estavam mais inclinados a lembrar um número maior de atributos hedónico

Indulgent consumption: Exploring its role on consumers’ regret and well-being

Marketing research on indulgent consumption: Exploring its faces and role on well-being. Indulgence in everyday lives: Exploring how consumers and media narrate about indulgent consumption. How Handmade Becomes Tempting: The influence of Production Mode on Consumers’ Regret and Tendency to Indulge