A numerical simulation of the South China Sea response to tropical cyclone Ernie 1996

Twenty Third Conference on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology, American Meteorological Society, 46-4

Scavenging of atmospheric ions and aerosols by drifting snow in Antarctica

Measurements of the small,intermediate, and large ion concentrations and the airearth current density along with simultaneous measurements of the concentration and size-distribution of aerosol particles in the size ranges 4.4 to 163 nm and 0.5 to 20 micrometer diameters are reported for a drifting snow period after the occurrence of a blizzard at a coastal station, Maitri, Antarctica. Ion concentrations of all categories and the airearth current simultaneously decrease by approximately an order of magnitude as the wind speed increases from 5 to 10 meter per sec. The rate of decrease is the highest for large ions, lowest for small ions and in between the two for intermediate ions. Total aerosol number concentration decreases in the 4.4 to 163 nm size range but increases in 0.5 to 20 micrmetr size range with wind speed. Size distribution of the nanometer particles show a dominant maximum at 30 nm diameter throughout the period of observations and the height of the maximum decreases with wind speed. However, larger particles show a maximum at 0.7 micrometer diameter but the height of the maximum increases with increasing wind speed. The results are explained in terms of scavenging of atmospheric ions and aerosols by the drifting snow particles.Comment: 12 pages and 5figur

South Pacific convergence zone and global scale circulations (Jul. 1987 - Jul. 1991). Observational and modeling studies of heat, moisture, precipitation, and global-scale circulation patterns (Jul. 1990 - Jul. 1993)

Several research projects were worked on between August 1990 and May 1991. Topics covered included observational and modeling studies of relationships between tropical heat sources and subtropical jet streams, the intraseasonal (30 to 60 day) oscillation near the equator, and precipitation over tropical oceans. Current research activities and plans for the coming year are outlined

Observational and modeling studies of heat, moisture, precipitation, and global-scale circulation patterns

The research sponsored by this grant is a continuation and an extension of the work conducted under a previous contract, 'South Pacific Convergence Zone and Global-Scale Circulations'. In the prior work, we conducted a detailed investigation of the South Pacific convergence zone (SPCZ), and documented many of its significant features and characteristics. We also conducted studies of its interaction with global-scale circulation features through the use of both observational and modeling studies. The latter was accomplished toward the end of the contract when Dr. James Hurrell, then a Ph.D. candidate, successfully ported the NASA GLA general circulation model (GCM) to Purdue University. In our present grant, we have expanded our previous research to include studies of other convectively-driven circulation systems in the tropics besides the SPCZ. Furthermore, we have continued to examine the relationship between these convective systems and global-scale circulation patterns. Our recent research efforts have focused on three objectives: (1) determining the periodicity of large-scale bands of organized convection in the tropics, primarily synoptic to intraseasonal time scales in the Southern Hemisphere; (2) examining the relative importance of tropical versus mid-latitude forcing for Southern Hemisphere summertime subtropical jets, particularly over the Pacific Ocean; and (3) estimating tropical precipitation, especially over oceans, using observational and budget methods. A summary list of our most significant accomplishments in the past year is given

LAWS simulation: Sampling strategies and wind computation algorithms

In general, work has continued on developing and evaluating algorithms designed to manage the Laser Atmospheric Wind Sounder (LAWS) lidar pulses and to compute the horizontal wind vectors from the line-of-sight (LOS) measurements. These efforts fall into three categories: Improvements to the shot management and multi-pair algorithms (SMA/MPA); observing system simulation experiments; and ground-based simulations of LAWS

Meteorological studies conducted by contract NONR 4071 (00) : final report

During April and August 1963 the Barbados Weather Modification Project made extensive use of whole-sky, time-lapse and conventional photography to investigate cloud and rain formation over tropical heat sources. These observations were made from land-based, ship-borne and aircraft stations. In July 1965 further photographic studies were carried out over the eastern Caribbean Sea to evaluate the effect of seeding cumulus clouds with silver iodide bombs.The Office of Naval Research under Contract Nonr-4071 (00

Application of satellite data to tropic/subtropic moisture coupling

The objective is to utilize various satellite products from a number of satellites together with data observed from platforms available during the FGGE Special Observing Periods to diagnose synoptic scale events in date void regions. The focus is on episodes of northeastward traveling cloud bands which move out of the ITCZ over the eastern North Pacific Ocean. These events are called moisture bursts