28,259 research outputs found
A Deterministic Algorithm for the Vertex Connectivity Survivable Network Design Problem
In the vertex connectivity survivable network design problem we are given an
undirected graph G = (V,E) and connectivity requirement r(u,v) for each pair of
vertices u,v. We are also given a cost function on the set of edges. Our goal
is to find the minimum cost subset of edges such that for every pair (u,v) of
vertices we have r(u,v) vertex disjoint paths in the graph induced by the
chosen edges. Recently, Chuzhoy and Khanna presented a randomized algorithm
that achieves a factor of O(k^3 log n) for this problem where k is the maximum
connectivity requirement. In this paper we derandomize their algorithm to get a
deterministic O(k^3 log n) factor algorithm. Another problem of interest is the
single source version of the problem, where there is a special vertex s and all
non-zero connectivity requirements must involve s. We also give a deterministic
O(k^2 log n) algorithm for this problem
Preclinical discovery of duloxetine for the treatment of depression
Introduction: Affective disorders, including major depressive disorder (MDD), are among the most severely disabling mental disorders, and in many cases areIntroduction: Affective disorders, including major depressive disorder (MDD), are among the most severely disabling mental disorders, and in many cases are associated with poor treatment outcomes. From the emergence of the monoamine hypothesis of depression, the first-line treatment for MDD had mainly acted by inhibiting monoamine reuptake, and thereby increasing these levels in the synaptic cleft. However, in recent years, several newantidepressant drugs have appeared, including duloxetine, a dual serotonin (5-HT) and noradrenaline (NA) reuptake inhibitor recommended for the treatment of MDD.
Areas covered: The article reviews and discusses the biochemical and functional profile of duloxetine splitting the review into acute and long-term treatment with this dual monoamine reuptake inhibitor. In addition, the authors summarize available preclinical behavioral research data, which have demonstrated among other effects, the antidepressant-like activity of duloxetine in several animal models. The authors focus on the most recent literature on synaptic neuroplasticity modulation of this antidepressant drug. Finally, the authors briefly mention other approved indications of duloxetine.
Expert opinion: Duloxetine inhibits 5-HT and NA reuptake, effectively desensitizes various autoreceptors and promotes neuroplasticity. Clinically, duloxetine is an effective antidepressant that is well tolerated and has significant efficacy in the treatment of MDD. associated with poor treatment outcomes. From the emergence of the monoamine hypothesis of depression, the first-line treatment for MDD had mainly acted by inhibiting monoamine reuptake, and thereby increasing these levels in the synaptic cleft. However, in recent years, several new antidepressant drugs have appeared, including duloxetine, a dual serotonin (5-HT) and noradrenaline (NA) reuptake inhibitor recommended for the treatment of MDD
Interplay between Josephson and Aharonov-Bohm effects in Andreev interferometers
Proximity induced quantum coherence of electrons in multi-terminal
voltage-driven hybrid normal-superconducting nanostructures may result in a
non-trivial interplay between topology-dependent Josephson and Aharonov-Bohm
effects. We elucidate a trade-off between stimulation of the voltage-dependent
Josephson current due to non-equilibrium effects and quantum dephasing of
quasiparticles causing reduction of both Josephson and Aharonov-Bohm currents.
We also predict phase-shifted quantum coherent oscillations of the induced
electrostatic potential as a function of the externally applied magnetic flux.
Our results may be employed for engineering superconducting nanocircuits with
controlled quantum properties
Dynamic Resource Allocation in Cognitive Radio Networks: A Convex Optimization Perspective
This article provides an overview of the state-of-art results on
communication resource allocation over space, time, and frequency for emerging
cognitive radio (CR) wireless networks. Focusing on the
interference-power/interference-temperature (IT) constraint approach for CRs to
protect primary radio transmissions, many new and challenging problems
regarding the design of CR systems are formulated, and some of the
corresponding solutions are shown to be obtainable by restructuring some
classic results known for traditional (non-CR) wireless networks. It is
demonstrated that convex optimization plays an essential role in solving these
problems, in a both rigorous and efficient way. Promising research directions
on interference management for CR and other related multiuser communication
systems are discussed.Comment: to appear in IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, special issue on convex
optimization for signal processin
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