685,943 research outputs found
The survey on Near Field Communication
PubMed ID: 26057043Near Field Communication (NFC) is an emerging short-range wireless communication technology that offers great and varied promise in services such as payment, ticketing, gaming, crowd sourcing, voting, navigation, and many others. NFC technology enables the integration of services from a wide range of applications into one single smartphone. NFC technology has emerged recently, and consequently not much academic data are available yet, although the number of academic research studies carried out in the past two years has already surpassed the total number of the prior works combined. This paper presents the concept of NFC technology in a holistic approach from different perspectives, including hardware improvement and optimization, communication essentials and standards, applications, secure elements, privacy and security, usability analysis, and ecosystem and business issues. Further research opportunities in terms of the academic and business points of view are also explored and discussed at the end of each section. This comprehensive survey will be a valuable guide for researchers and academicians, as well as for business in the NFC technology and ecosystem.Publisher's Versio
The factors that affect consumers intention to adopt near field communication mobile payment in supermarkets
The emergence of mobile technologies has changed the consumer’s life in many ways, especially the way they perform payment. This thesis examines the core drivers of using Near Field Communication (NFC) mobile payment in the supermarket industry from the consumer’s perspective. Based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Innovation Diffusion Theory (IDT), the author developed a sevenfactor model to reveal the determinants of consumers’ intention to use Near Field Communication (NFC) mobile payment. Relative advantage, speed of transaction, compatibility with consumers’ lifestyles, security and awareness were added to the two-factor TAM model (usefulness and ease of use). Author evaluated the proposed model empirically, applying survey data gathered from supermarket consumers respect to their perceptions on Near Field Communication (NFC) mobile payment. Six significant factors found in this research can serve as guideline to encourage consumer adoption of Near Field Communication (NFC) mobile payment in supermarkets. Among which most of the respondents reported that relative advantage was not their primary reason in their decision to adopt the system. More over ease of use was significantly influenced by awareness of consumers and perceived usefulness influenced by speed of transaction which can be best explained by the fact that consumers would find the system useful if it provides them means to avoid long checkout lanes. Based on the findings of this research, marketing of new technologies must focus on creating awareness and gaining consumers trust to enable consumers to be easily familiarized with the Near Field Communication (NFC) mobile payment system
Experimental Research in Synthetic Molecular Communications -- Part I: Overview and Short-Range Systems
Since its emergence from the communication engineering community around one
and a half decades ago, the field of Synthetic Molecular Communication (SMC)
has experienced continued growth, both in the number of technical contributions
from a vibrant community and in terms of research funding. Throughout this
process, the vision of SMC as a novel, revolutionary communication paradigm has
constantly evolved, driven by feedback from theoretical and experimental
studies, respectively. It is believed that especially the latter ones will be
crucial for the transition of SMC towards a higher technology readiness level
in the near future. In this spirit, we present here a comprehensive survey of
experimental research in SMC. In particular, this survey focuses on
highlighting the major drivers behind different lines of experimental research
in terms of the respective envisioned applications. This approach allows us to
categorize existing works and identify current research gaps that still hinder
the development of practical SMC-based applications. Our survey consists of two
parts; this paper and a companion paper. While the companion paper focuses on
SMC with relatively long communication ranges, this paper covers SMC over short
distances of typically not more than a few millimeters.Comment: 10 pages, 1 table, 5 figures. Accepted for publication in the IEEE
Nanotechnology Magazin
Comparison of Communication Architectures for Spacecraft Modular Avionics Systems
This document is a survey of publicly available information concerning serial communication architectures used, or proposed to be used, in aeronautic and aerospace applications. It focuses on serial communication architectures that are suitable for low-latency or real-time communication between physically distributed nodes in a system. Candidates for the study have either extensive deployment in the field, or appear to be viable for near-term deployment. Eleven different serial communication architectures are considered, and a brief description of each is given with the salient features summarized in a table in appendix A. This survey is a product of the Propulsion High Impact Avionics Technology (PHIAT) Project at NASA Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC). PHIAT was originally funded under the Next Generation Launch Technology (NGLT) Program to develop avionics technologies for control of next generation reusable rocket engines. After the announcement of the Space Exploration Initiative, the scope of the project was expanded to include vehicle systems control for human and robotics missions. As such, a section is included presenting the rationale used for selection of a time-triggered architecture for implementation of the avionics demonstration hardware developed by the project tea
Unpacking the ERP investment decision: An empirical assessment of the benefits and risks
This paper presents the results of a survey conducted amongst European retailers on their plans and
perceptions with regard to novel applications based on Near Field Communication (NFC) technology.
Whilst the survey showed that retailers did evaluate the possible applications differently, none of them
clearly stood out as the most beneficial one. NFC based services were on average conceded to be able
to accelerate the checkout process at the point-of-sale. This is an important acknowledgment, as 65%
of the respondents consider waiting lines which can occur at the checkout to hold the largest potential
for an improvement of their customers’ shopping experience. While the rate of agreement is somewhat
smaller than in the case of process acceleration, retailers also concede that NFC applications could
make shopping more convenient for their customers. On the other hand, none of the NFC-based
applications seemed to yield cost saving potentials to the responding retailers. The most surprising
result of the survey was the respondents’ low expectations in regards to customer acceptance. This is
in clear contrast to the reports on NFC trials which generally describe participants as enthusiastic
about the technology
Host Card Emulation with Tokenisation: Security Risk Assessment
Host Card Emulation (HCE) is an architecture that provides virtual representation of contactless cards, enabling transactional communication for mobile devices with Near-Field Communication (NFC) support without the need of Secure Element (SE) hardware. Performing the card emulation mainly by software, usually in wallet-like applications which store payment tokens for enabling transactions, creates several risks that need to be properly evaluated in order to be able to materialise a risk-based implementation. This paper describes the HCEt and proposes the identification and assessment of its risks through a survey conducted to specialists in the subject matter, analysing the model from the point of view of a wallet application on a mobile device that stores payment tokens to be able to perform contactless transactions. Despite the increasing complexity and specialisation of software, hardware, and the respective technical cyberattacks we conclude that the human nature remains the easiest to exploit, with greater gains
A Tutorial on Extremely Large-Scale MIMO for 6G: Fundamentals, Signal Processing, and Applications
Extremely large-scale multiple-input-multiple-output (XL-MIMO), which offers
vast spatial degrees of freedom, has emerged as a potentially pivotal enabling
technology for the sixth generation (6G) of wireless mobile networks. With its
growing significance, both opportunities and challenges are concurrently
manifesting. This paper presents a comprehensive survey of research on XL-MIMO
wireless systems. In particular, we introduce four XL-MIMO hardware
architectures: uniform linear array (ULA)-based XL-MIMO, uniform planar array
(UPA)-based XL-MIMO utilizing either patch antennas or point antennas, and
continuous aperture (CAP)-based XL-MIMO. We comprehensively analyze and discuss
their characteristics and interrelationships. Following this, we examine exact
and approximate near-field channel models for XL-MIMO. Given the distinct
electromagnetic properties of near-field communications, we present a range of
channel models to demonstrate the benefits of XL-MIMO. We further motivate and
discuss low-complexity signal processing schemes to promote the practical
implementation of XL-MIMO. Furthermore, we explore the interplay between
XL-MIMO and other emergent 6G technologies. Finally, we outline several
compelling research directions for future XL-MIMO wireless communication
systems.Comment: 38 pages, 10 figure
The Effectiveness of Near-Peer Mentoring and Clinical Laboratory Experiences in Undergraduate Student Perceptions of Career Preparedness and the Profession of Audiology
Students in undergraduate Communication Sciences and Disorders (CSD) programs with an interest in audiology often report feeling unprepared to make career and graduate school decisions due to a lack of exposure to the field. The present study examines the impact of near-peer mentoring and hands-on lab experiences on undergraduate student perceptions of career preparedness and of the profession of audiology by examining pre- and post-course survey responses and lab wrapper responses of 41 undergraduate speech and hearing science majors enrolled in an introductory audiology course. Students were paired in groups with a first-year audiology graduate mentor to walk through a series of three clinical lab exercises. Results showed a positive influence on perceptions of career readiness resulting from both mentoring and clinical lab exposure, and more confidence in career decisions following the course
Empower E-wallets Payment System by using Secured Hybrid Approach of Online and Offline Services
Payment mechanisms are migrated to mobile devices as e-commerce grows, creating e-wallets. The current e-wallet payment solutions are based on online-connected smartphones. The transaction is completed using a mobile application, which requires a GPRS and Wi-Fi connection. People around the world are becoming more interested in e-wallets. Nevertheless, in Iraq, it grows slower than in other parts of the world after survey is done to ascertain the primary elements influencing Iraqis’ adoption of electronic wallets. This paper proposes a design of e-wallet Mobile app offering online to offline (O2O) payments that aim to replace traditional e-wallet, credit cards, debit cards, and cash using offline connectivity, near-field communication (NFC), and SMS-based payment mechanisms that are independent of internet connection
Near Field Communication Payment Technology Usage: A Jamaican Consumer Perspective
This study investigates the effect of perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, trust, security concern, and social influence on Jamaican consumers’ willingness to use near field communication enabled credit/debit cards. The study builds on the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) theory framework (Venkatesh et al., 2003).
A quantitative method was used, and the model tested via a survey that had 408 completed survey responses from a local online crowd-sourcing market. Statistical analysis of the data confirms perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, trust, security concern, and social influence had significant impact on consumer’s intention to use the technology, explaining over 63% of the variance. Intention to use explained over 17% of the variance in usage. Intention to use fully mediated the relationship between perceived ease of use and usage, partially mediated the relationships between perceived usefulness, trust, social influence and usage and did not mediate security concerns and usage.
The implications and limitations of the study were outlined as well as ideas for future research. Policymakers and other stakeholders can use the results to build an environment for these payments
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