209 research outputs found
Computer Chess: From Idea to DeepMind
Computer chess has stimulated human imagination over some two hundred and fifty years. In 1769 Baron Wolfgang von Kempelen promised Empress Maria Theresia in public: “I will invent a machine for a more compelling spectacle [than the magnetism tricks by Pelletier] within half a year.” The idea of an intelligent chess machine was born. In 1770 the first demonstration was given.The real development of artificial intelligence (AI) began in 1950 and contains many well-known names, such as Turing and Shannon. One of the first AI research areas was chess. In 1997, a high point was to be reported: world champion Gary Kasparov had been defeated by Deep Blue. The techniques used included searching, knowledge representation, parallelism, and distributed systems. Adaptivity, machine learning and the recently developed deep learning mechanism were only later on added to the computer chess research techniques.The major breakthrough for games in general (including chess) took place in 2017 when (1) the AlphaGo Zero program defeated the world championship program AlphaGo by 100-0 and (2) the technique of deep learning also proved applicable to chess. In the autumn of 2017, the Stockfish program was beaten by AlphaZero by 28-0 (with 72 draws, resulting in a 64-36 victory). However, the end of the disruptive advance is not yet in reach. In fact, we have just started. The next milestone will be to determine the theoretical game value of chess (won, draw, or lost). This achievement will certainly be followed by other surprising developments.Algorithms and the Foundations of Software technolog
Luminus, vol. 22, no. 03 (Fall 1996)
Luminus is the alumni magazine of Memorial University of Newfoundland, begun in 1971
The BG News April 9, 2003
The BGSU campus student newspaper April 9, 2003. Volume 92 - Issue 55https://scholarworks.bgsu.edu/bg-news/8107/thumbnail.jp
The Ticker, May 10, 1990
The Ticker is the student newspaper of Baruch College. It has been published continuously since 1932, when the Baruch College campus was the School of Business and Civic Administration of the City College of New York
The Key 1990
Bowling Green State University 1990 Key Yearbookhttps://scholarworks.bgsu.edu/yearbooks/1150/thumbnail.jp
October 7, 1985
The Breeze is the student newspaper of James Madison University in Harrisonburg, Virginia
Current, April 25, 1985
https://irl.umsl.edu/current1980s/1158/thumbnail.jp
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