The effect of infrastructure access and quality on non-farm enterprises in rural Indonesia

There is growing interest in the rural non-farm sector in developing countries as a contributor to economic growth, employment generation, livelihood diversification and poverty reduction. Access to infrastructure is identified in some studies as a factor that affects nonfarm rural employment and income but less attention has been paid to the constraints imposed by poor quality infrastructure. In this paper we use data from 4000 households in rural Indonesia to show that the quality of two key types of infrastructure – roads and electricity – affects both employment in and income from non-farm enterprises. It appears that there would be gains from development strategies that improve both the access to and the quality of rural infrastructure

ANALYSIS OF STATISTICAL DATA CHARACTERISING THE ECONOMIC-SOCIAL INEQUALITIES (DIAGNOSIS) IN THE REGION SOUTH – MUNTENIA – INFRASTRUCTURE AND HOUSING CRITERIA

This paper is structured in two parts. In the first part we did an analysis of the statistic data which characterizes the economic - social inequalities from the region South – Muntenia from the point of view of infrastructure – housing criteria, and in the second part we achieved the SWOT analysis for the analyzed region in the criteria of infrastructure and housing in the view of delimitating and building the regional profile of the disadvantaged groups from the rural area. The requirements for an improved rural infrastructure are evident and through upgraded water supply systems, through sewerage systems, must be resolved some serious social problems that exists in rural areas at the regional social level. Investments in such rural infrastructures can also support reduction of high level infant mortality. In the same time eliminating the negative effects arising from the existence of an inadequate physical and social infrastructure will also lead to a diversification of rural activities. Developing and upgrading physical and social infrastructure is a first step that must be taken, leading on one hand to an increasing of rural activities, and on the other hand penetration of private capital on the agricultural market.infrastructure, housing quality, rural environment, economic development

Do rural infrastructure investments benefit the poor? Evaluating linkages : a global view, a focus on Vietnam

What are linkages between rural infrastructure investments, and household welfare? In the past, most of the evaluations to assess the effectiveness of a project, focused on physical outputs, and success of project implementation. In recent years, more attention has been given to the impact of investments, particularly its effect on the poor, both in economic, and non-economic terms. The author presents findings from a survey of the existing literature on such impacts. Although evidence exists for improved household welfare from rural infrastructure investment, little evidence was found of studies that provided concrete linkages between specific investments in rural infrastructure, and increased welfare of the rural poor. This is due in part to the complexity, and oftentimes the concurrent nature of interventions, that make attributing welfare improvements, to a particular project, virtually impossible. The evidence is presented in this three-part paper. Part I gives examples of past, and current attempts to assess the impact of rural infrastructure projects, and provides suggestions for future evaluations. Part II discusses in detail some observed economic, and non-economic impacts on the poor, from different rural infrastructure interventions. Part III presents lessons learned from the literature on how to maximize the impact of rural infrastructure interventions on household welfare. Specific project, and country examples from the literature, and new data from a recent qualitative study in Vietnam, are presented as evidence for, and illustration of key ideas, and issues.Environmental Economics&Policies,Decentralization,Health Economics&Finance,ICT Policy and Strategies,Poverty Monitoring&Analysis,Environmental Economics&Policies,ICT Policy and Strategies,Poverty Monitoring&Analysis,Agricultural Research,Engineering

Generating disaggregated poverty maps

Geographic targeting is often recommended as a way to improve the impact of social spending and infrastructure investments on rural poverty. Previous research shows that such targeting is not very accurate unless the geographic units are small. Household surveys, however, rarely allow the estimation of poverty rates for more than 5-10 regions in a country. This study develops a method for generating disaggregated poverty maps and applies the method to Viet Nam. First, the relationship between rural poverty and 25 household indicators is estimated using household survey data. Then, census data on those same indicators are used to estimate the poverty rates for each of the 543 rural districts in Viet Nam. The results indicate that poverty is concentrated in the north and in districts furthest from the coast and cities.Poverty ,Infrastructure (Economics) Viet Nam. ,Social service Viet Nam. ,Vietnam ,

Critical assessment indicators for measuring benefits of rural infrastructure investment in China

Rural infrastructure is of vital importance for agricultural growth, economic development, and poverty alleviation, particularly in developing countries such as China. In line with the implementation of a Coordinated Urban-Rural Development Strategy, infrastructure investment in China has consciously been tilted to rural areas. An urgent need exists to assess whether the investment has induced the benefits as expected. Existing research on rural infrastructure investment assessment focuses primarily on economic return while neglecting its social and ecological benefits. This paper identifies a set of critical assessment indicators (CAIs) that can be used to evaluate the multifaceted benefits of rural infrastructure investment in China. Research data were collected through a questionnaire survey given to three groups of experts, including government officers, professionals, and business practitioners who are working in China's housing and urban-rural development sector. Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) is used to generate additional data to supplement the data set from the questionnaire survey. The fuzzy set theory, which appreciates the fuzziness of data from the questionnaire survey, is used in the selection of CAIs. The CAIs can help the local governments in China to make better decisions in investing in rural infrastructure. These critical indicators can also be generalized to provide valuable references for the investigations of rural infrastructure investment in other developing countries. © 2011 American Society of Civil Engineers.postprin

Penyelenggaraan Pembangunan Infrastruktur Desa di Desa Nusantara Jaya Kecamatan Keritang Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir Tahun 2015

The village administration is spearheading national development which is led by a village chief as the holder helm of the highest in the country, as the main determinant for success in rural development. As supreme leader, village head should perform well in the governance process stipulated in Law No. 6 2014. Implementation of Rural Infrastructure Development is the development of village infrastructure such as public facilities and infrastructure. Implementation of village infrastructure development such as public facilities and infrastructure aims to improve the welfare of people and improve human resources, expected in order to improve a better life, which is implemented through a pattern of community empowerment. However, irregularities in implementation of rural infrastructure development, this was due to lack of supervision in the implementation of rural infrastructure development. The purpose of this study is to identify and analyze the implementation of infrastructure development in the village of Desa Nusantara Jaya subdistrict Keritang Indragiri Hilir. The concept of the theory used is the management which includes planning, organizing, implementation and supervision. To analyze the implementation of rural infrastructure development in the Village Nusantara Jaya subdistrict Keritang Indragiri Hilir, researchers used the theory of George R.Terry in Manullang (2012: 8), this study uses qualitative research methods to study descriptively. In collecting the data, the authors use the technique of interview, observation and documentation. By using key informen as a source of information and as a source triangulation techniques in testing the validity of the data. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of rural infrastructure development are not fully implemented in accordance with existing regulations. In the implementation of rural infrastructure development is still the occurrence of irregularities in the process of development of rural infrastructure. Meanwhile inhibiting factors in the implementation of rural infrastructure development is the budget or the perceived costs less. Inaccuracy of materials, time and labor in the implementation of rural development

Decision Support System for Evaluating Rural Water Supply Infrastructure Scenarios

This paper seeks to develop a methodology that will be useful for rural water districts in assessing the future of their water systems infrastructure. In particular, the use of free water simulation software and publicly available data on population, roads, and terrain present rural water systems with the opportunity to analyze their existing distribution system and forecast where problems are likely to occur. This methodology will allow various alternatives (such as consolidation with a neighboring system, or pipe upgrades) to be evaluated and the costs of implementing these alternatives to be explored. Finally, different avenues for funding the associated costs can be summarized and presented to the community, including the steps needed to apply for popular grant and loan programsRural Water, Infrastructure, Simulation, EPANET, Community/Rural/Urban Development, R53, R58,

Assessment Of The Effect Of Socio-Economic Infrasturcture On Rural Economy In Kaduna State, Nigeria

The paper examines the effect of socio-economic infrastructure of the rural areas on the rural economy in Kaduna State. The study adopts a correlation analysis, a Multicollinearity and Cronbach Alpha Reliability tests as well as regression analysis on primary data. Findings from the study reveal that there is a positive relationship between socioeconomic infrastructure and rural economy, while the multicollinearity test shows absence of high correlation among the independent variables and the Cronbach Alpha confirms internal consistency of the variables. Furthermore, the regression analysis indicates that socio-economic infrastructure, particularly road, electricity supply, market and telecommunication infrastructure all have positive and statistically significant effects on the rural economy. The paper therefore, recommends that governments should increase efforts towards developing the infrastructure in the rural areas in order to facilitate the growth of the economy in the rural sectors

Manajemen Pelaksanaan Program Penguatan Infrastruktur Perdesaan Di Desa Tasik Serai Barat Kecamatan Pinggir Kabupaten Bengkalis Tahun 2014

The program implementation of rural infrastructure strengthen refers to aid program that is given by Bengkalis regency government to all villages in Bengkalis regency to increase the quality of rural infrastructure. The aims of this program are to increase donation and the basic infrastructure needs of rural society through program of society endeavoring but in reality get many deviations of rural infrastructure foundation. It is caused of foundation control lacking. The aims of this research is to know and analyze management implementation of infrastructure strengthening program in West Tasik Serai Pinggir subdistrict Bengkalis regency on 2014.The basic theory was management that included planning, organization, implementation and supervisor. In analyzing the data the researcher used George R. Terry theory. This research was qualitative that focus on descriptive. In collecting the data, the writer used interview, observation, and documentation. This research used key informers as the information sources tringulasi technique as the sources in data validity testing. After doing this research, the writer found that the implementation management of strengthen program of rural infrastructure was not good. There was many deviations in the implementation of local society organization formation (OMS) and also untranfaransi of cost planning calculation (RAB). Besides that there are factors that influenced management implementation like lack of workers (OMS), there was effort and mutual cooperation from society, untranfaransi of cost planning calculation (RAB) in the implementation management of strengthen program of rural infrastructur