Hybrid memristor-CMOS implementation of logic gates design using LTSpice

In this paper, a hybrid memristor-CMOS implementation of logic gates simulated using LTSpice. Memristors' implementation in computer architecture designs explored in various design structures proposed by researchers from all around the world. However, all prior designs have some drawbacks in terms of applicability, scalability, and performance. In this research, logic gates design based on the hybrid memristor-CMOS structure presented. 2-inputs AND, OR, NAND, NOR, XOR, and XNOR are demonstrated with minimum components requirements. In addition, a 1-bit full adder circuit with high performance and low area consumption is also proposed. The proposed full adder only consists of 4 memristors and 7 CMOS transistors. Half design of the adder base on the memristor component created. Through analysis and simulations, the memristor implementation on designing logic gates using memristor-CMOS structure demonstrated using the generalized metastable switch memristor (MSS) model and LTSpice. In conclusion, the proposed approach improves speed and require less area

A balanced Memristor-CMOS ternary logic family and its application

The design of balanced ternary digital logic circuits based on memristors and conventional CMOS devices is proposed. First, balanced ternary minimum gate TMIN, maximum gate TMAX and ternary inverters are systematically designed and verified by simulation, and then logic circuits such as ternary encoders, decoders and multiplexers are designed on this basis. Two different schemes are then used to realize the design of functional combinational logic circuits such as a balanced ternary half adder, multiplier, and numerical comparator. Finally, we report a series of comparisons and analyses of the two design schemes, which provide a reference for subsequent research and development of three-valued logic circuits.Comment: 15 pages, 30 figure

Forensic applications of analog memory: the digital evidence bag

Digital evidence is electronic data that \has the potential to make the factual account of either party more probable or less probable than it would be without the evidence" [1]. We consider digital evidence stored on a physical memory device, collected in the fi eld and transported to a lab where the digital content is stored and analyzed. Digital Forensics is the area of study that deals with the science behind this process, as well as establishing best practices and legal requirements. The core aspects of digital forensics are preserving evidence integrity and the chain of custody during the handling and storage of the evidence [2]. In this thesis, we look specifi cally at digital evidence where only digital data is collected (such as forensic photography), as opposed to digital evidence that also includes the storage medium (such as seized mobile phones). We review the existing procedures used for collecting and transporting evidence and explore how these processes could be improved to better suit this kind of digital evidence. The fi eld of Information Security deals with providing con fidentiality and integrity of data, along with authentication and non-repudiation of both data and entities [3]. This is a widely researched and well developed area with many commercial applications, the most well known being internet security. We review and categorize the existing technologies used in information security into four avenues of approach based upon the fundamental security concepts of each: cryptography, widely witnessed, hardware security and exploitation of manufacturing defects. Many information security systems incorporate several of these approaches which leads to the overall security of the system being improved. The aims of Digital Forensics and Information Security are similar, however the processes and systems used are very different. This partly reflects that digital forensics is usually subject to a greater level of legal scrutiny, but it also highlights that there are potentially opportunities to improve the processes and systems used. Hence we develop the concept of a \digital evidence bag" (DEB), a device for the secure transport of digital evidence that has the same requirements as physical evidence bags: tamper-evident, unforgeable and clean. To achieve these requirements through technological solutions, we look at technology used in Information Security along with traditional forensic processes and explore how they can be adapted to create a DEB. Given the nature of digital data, it is easy to produce exact copies and edit the data with- out loss of quality. From a forensics point of view, this strips out a lot of the imperfections that are usually exploited in the traditional forensic processes. However the technology used to build digital memory is still inherently analog and has non-ideal characteristics, which are usually obfuscated in the digital application space. We show how these characteristics can be exploited to achieve the DEB requirements. We explore how a digital fi ngerprint for conventional digital memory could be used to meet the requirements of the DEB. We also propose a DEB based on analog memory cells which offers a novel method to meet the requirements.Thesis (MPhil) -- University of Adelaide, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 202

Application of memristors in realization of microwave passive circuits

Предмет истраживања ове докторске дисертације је примјена мемристора у реализацији планарних микроталасних пасивних кола. У фокусу истраживања је микроталасни помјерач фазе остварен коришћењем мемристивних прекидача. Истраживање обухвата и реализацију микроталасних филтара са мемристорима. Циљ истраживања је реализација микроталасног помјерача фазе који има боље карактеристике у односу на карактеристике одговарајућих помјерача фазе објављених у доступној отвореној литератури, а који користе традиционалне прекидаче као што су PIN диоде, микроелектромеханички прекидачи и CMOS. Такође, циљ истраживања представља и анализа могућих реализација микроталасних филтара коришћењем мемристора. Доприноси дисертације су нов метод пројектовања помјерача фазе, коришћењем мемристора, а којим се смањује потрошња уређаја и поправља константност фазног помјераја у специфицираном фреквенцијском опсегу. При реализацији филтара, коришћењем мемристора потиснути су нежељени пропусни опсези, реализован је реконфигурабилни филтар коришћењем мемристивних прекидача. Поред тога, пројектован је хардвер за аутоматско програмирање комерцијално доступног мемристора компаније KnowM, развијен је алгоритам и софтвер микроконтролера који омогућава аутоматско програмирање, као и софтвер преносивог или удаљеног уређаја за контролу рада микроконтролера. Пројектована су електрична кола остварена коришћењем комерцијално доступног мемристора. Предложен је модел за фреквенцијску анализу комерцијално доступног мемристора на учестаностима до 1 MHz. Пројектован је активни филтар пропусник опсега, који има могућност подешавања централне фреквенције при радном режиму. За експерименталну верификацију рада програматора и електричних кола направљени су лабораторијски прототипови.The scope of the research presented in this doctoral dissertation is the application of memristors in the realization of planar microwave passive circuits. The focus of the research was the microwave phase shifter realized using memristive switches. In addition, the research includes the realization of microwave filters by incorporating memristors. The aim of the research is the realization of a microwave phase shifter with better characteristics compared to the characteristics of phase shifters available in the open literature, which use traditional switches like PIN diodes, microelectromechanical systems, and CMOS. Also, the aim of the research is the analysis of microwave filters with incorporated memristors. The contribution of the doctoral dissertation is a novel method of designing microwave phase shifters - by using memristors which reduces the power consumption of the device and improves the constancy of the phase shift in the specified frequency range. By using memristors in the realization of filters, unwanted bandwidths are suppressed, and a reconfigurable filter is realized by using memristive switches. In addition, hardware for the automatic programming of KnowM's commercially available memristors has been designed, an algorithm and microcontroller software that enables automatic programming have been developed, as well as software for a portable or remote device to control the operation of the microcontroller. Electrical circuits designed using the commercially available memristor were realized. A frequency analysis model of the commercially available memristor at frequencies of up to 1 MHz has been proposed. An active bandpass filter has been designed, which has the ability to tune the center frequency during operation. Laboratory prototypes were made for the experimental verification of the operation of programmers and electrical circuits