The Cycle of Trust in Mixed Service-Oriented Systems

Many collaboration platforms are realized as service-oriented systems enabling flexible compositions of services and support of interactions. Interactions between entities in such systems do not only span software services, but also human actors. A mixed service-oriented system is therefore composed of human and software services. In open environments, interactions between people and services are highly dynamic and often influenced by the role and reputation of collaboration partners. In this paper we present an architecture for the management of trust in such mixed systems environments. In contrast to traditional solutions that typically focus on the matching of actors’ skills and competencies with collaboration requirements only, we propose a trust-based ’feedback loop’ enabling the inference and consideration of trust relationships based on observed interactions. This cycle, spanning interaction monitoring, trust analysis, trust-enabled collaboration planning, and trust-supported execution of activities and tasks, permits dynamic and trust-aware collaborations in service-oriented environments

A comparison of social media marketing between B2B, B2C and mixed business models

This paper explores the implicit assumption in the growing body of literature that social media usage is fundamentally different in business-to-business (B2B) companies than in the extant business-to-consumer (B2C) literature. Sashi’s (2012) customer engagement cycle is utilized to compare B2B, B2C, Mixed B2B/B2C and B2B2C business model organizational practices in relation to social media usage, importance, and its perceived effectiveness as a communication channel. Utilizing 449 responses to an exploratory panel based survey instrument, we clearly identify differences in social media marketing usage and its perceived importance as a communications channel. In particular we identify distinct differences in the relationship between social media importance and the perceived effectiveness of social media marketing across business models. Our results indicate that B2B social media usage is distinct from B2C, Mixed and B2B2C business model approaches. Specifically B2B organizational members perceive social media to have a lower overall effectiveness as a channel and identify it as less important for relationship oriented usage than other business models

De-perimeterisation as a cycle: tearing down and rebuilding security perimeters

If an organisation wants to secure its IT assets, where should the security mechanisms be placed? The traditional view is the hard-shell model, where an organisation secures all its assets using a fixed security border: What is inside the security perimeter is more or less trusted, what is outside is not. Due to changes in technologies, business processes and their legal environments this approach is not adequate anymore.\ud This paper examines this process, which was coined de-perimeterisation by the Jericho Forum.\ud In this paper we analyse and define the concepts of perimeter and de-perimeterisation, and show that there is a long term trend in which de-perimeterisation is iteratively accelerated and decelerated. In times of accelerated de-perimeterisation, technical and organisational changes take place by which connectivity between organisations and their environment scales up significantly. In times of deceleration, technical and organisational security measures are taken to decrease the security risks that come with de-perimeterisation, a movement that we call re-perimeterisation. We identify the technical and organisational mechanisms that facilitate de-perimeterisation and re-perimeterisation, and discuss the forces that cause organisations to alternate between these two movements

Greening Historic DC: Challenges and Opportunities to Incorporate Historic Preservation into the District\u27s Drive for Sustainable Development

This paper focuses primarily on the District of Columbia, a city with a robust past and a bold agenda for a sustainable future. However, it may not be obvious why historic preservation - a movement typically concerned with aesthetics - can play an integral role in a city\u27s sustainability initiative. Therefore, this paper first sets forth the basic argument why historic preservation can be a tool to promote sustainable development. Part II examines the scientific data indicating that historic preservation is a green building practice. Next, Part III posits that investment in historic districts is an investment in sustainability. Then, Part IV gives an overview of the recent efforts by the National Trust for Historic Preservation to bolster this argument, including the National Trust\u27s collaboration with the U.S. Green Building Council, which has yielded significant changes to the LEED rating system. The remainder of this paper focuses on the efforts of the District. This paper identifies challenges and opportunities for the city\u27s historic preservation program as the city commits to a sustainable future

Correct and Control Complex IoT Systems: Evaluation of a Classification for System Anomalies

In practice there are deficiencies in precise interteam communications about system anomalies to perform troubleshooting and postmortem analysis along different teams operating complex IoT systems. We evaluate the quality in use of an adaptation of IEEE Std. 1044-2009 with the objective to differentiate the handling of fault detection and fault reaction from handling of defect and its options for defect correction. We extended the scope of IEEE Std. 1044-2009 from anomalies related to software only to anomalies related to complex IoT systems. To evaluate the quality in use of our classification a study was conducted at Robert Bosch GmbH. We applied our adaptation to a postmortem analysis of an IoT solution and evaluated the quality in use by conducting interviews with three stakeholders. Our adaptation was effectively applied and interteam communications as well as iterative and inductive learning for product improvement were enhanced. Further training and practice are required.Comment: Submitted to QRS 2020 (IEEE Conference on Software Quality, Reliability and Security

Design Opportunities in Service-Product Combined Systems

This paper aims to examine recent research issues related to the integration of service and product in view of industrial design. Further, it attempts to identify new opportunities for further research regarding “product-servicization” vs. “service-productization”. In the continued efforts to provide the users with fuller experiences, one major trend is the blending of products and services. Much existing research seems to either present cases or propose frameworks regarding the ‘connection’, rather than ‘integration’ between products and services. Broadly, two major approaches seem to exist in this area: 1. product-servicization, 2. service-productization. The former generally indicates adding more services to existing products, whereas the latter generally refers to making services tangible and/or visible in the form of a product. However, findings of an extensive literature search conducted for this study suggest one important deficiency in dealing with service issues around the product: the ‘integration’ between the actual product design and service elements for supporting new service-product system. That is the rationale behind this research, an attempt to investigate the possibility for the integration of product design and service factors which could be embedded in the design of product itself in new service-product system. This paper is largely based on qualitative research. New design research opportunities are identified by qualitatively analyzing relevant literature, synthesizing the information and presenting some cases to support the main argument of the research. Design-led Service-Productization is not, and should not be re-arranging deck chairs on the Titanic. Rather, it should bring practical and tangible design issues related to new service-product system. Findings suggest that this approach could provide a new model of new product development integrated with a service scheme, which is a more proactive approach than “product-servicization”. Further development of this research could lead to establishing a framework for the Design-led Service-Product Integration. Keywords: Product-servicization; Industrial design; Service; Product; Integration</p