3G telecommunication technology in Malaysia

3G is the third generation of mobile phone standards and technology, after 2G. It is based on the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) family of standards under the International Mobile Telecommunications programme, "IMT- 2000". 3G technologies enable network operators to offer users a wider range of more advanced services while achieving greater network capacity through improved spectral efficiency. Services include wide-area wireless voice telephony and broadband wireless data, all in a mobile environment. Typically, they provide service at 5-10 Mb per second

Mobile telephone system and non-wire line network

The need to communicate with non-fixed points without the use of wires led to the development of mobile telephone systems in the early 1920\u27s. Since then, the expanding need for mobile phone service and resulting growth have led to the development of the Advanced Mobile Phone Service (AMPS) by the Bell System. This thesis describes the AMPS system and explains how service is provided to mobile units roaming in a typical area of up to 25 square miles. A network is proposed to interconnect service areas to expand the coverage to a much larger geographic area. Efficient use is made of the limited bandwidth available for network communication. The network is able to manage mobile units that move from one service area to another during a call, and can efficiently locate mobile units throughout the network area

I AM A SMART PHONE USER - KEY INSIGHTS FROM THE FINNISH MARKET

Smart phones are seen to drive the development of mobile applications and a more or less intuitive belief is that once the users have a smart phone they will download applications and start using a wider variety of mobile services and/or more advanced mobile services. In this paper we describe Finnish smart phone users based on a survey study carried out with a random sample representative of Finnish consumers between the ages of 16 and 64. We divide smart phone users into three categories based on the range and frequency of using different mobile services and applications. We find, in addition to a small ‘power user’ group (15 %) and a substantial set of ‘interested but inactive users’ (47 %), that 38 % of smart phone users do not use their devices for any advanced services and have a low motivation to continue using smart phones in the future. The demand for and the sales of smart phones is growing rapidly; combined with this is the notion that users of smart phones will become users of more advanced applications and a wider variety of services, which will give a boost to the mobile service market. In light of our results we believe this development is slower to happen than expected. Also noteworthy is the sizeable minority of decidedly underwhelmed smart phone users, who are likely to jump ship to simpler devices

Beware of Dane-geld: Even if Paid, M-Service Adoption Can be Slow

Despite the 83% mobile phone penetration rate, the Danish mobile telecommunications market has witnessed slow uptake of advanced mobile services available over GPRS and 3G. In this paper we report results from a survey of 1,103 respondents. We delineate four categories of mobile users in the Danish market based on the technology in use and explore their differences or similarities in terms of technology experience, service use, innovativeness, and technology-service requirements. We argue that when congruencies across the categories are present, these can be areas of exceptional importance for catalyzing the behavioral changes necessary to make the more advanced service use reach the masses of users. In particular, to limit current Dane-geld problems, mobile e-mail and compatibility between mobile communications, computers and the Internet appear as important factors to direct development efforts for users

Mobile telephony - cooperation and value-added are key to further success

The current problems in mobile telephony are leading critics to make overly pessimistic predictions that 3G – the third-generation mobile phone system – will never become profitable. However, the resulting calls not to introduce 3G and instead directly back alternative wireless technologies (e.g. WLAN) are a step too far. Ultimately, a profit- oriented service can only create significant value-added with a mix of both 3G and WLAN technologies. It is notable that no attractive broadband-dependent applications have emerged as yet. The typical user is only interested in the value-added the application provides, not the underlying wireless technology. Although mobile telephony remains one of the most dynamic areas of the economy, euphoria is misplaced. Advanced wireless technologies will on no account become profitable before the start of the next decade. But even that is not a given; this will challenge the entrepreneurial spirit of network operators, mobile terminal manufacturers and service providers alike.ICT, IT, mobile, telephony, UMTS, WLAN

Undergraduate Usage of Mobile Phones and Its Implication of School Application

The study is a survey research intended to find out undergraduate usage of mobile phones and its implication of school application. The colloquium population is 27,650 at which two hundred and thirty eight undergraduate students were randomly selected from two universities in the Federal Republic of Nigeria. A questionnaire on “current trends in mobile phone usage among adolescents” was used for the study.  The instrument was validated and tested reliable.  Five research questions were formulated to guide the study.  The researcher as well as ten research assistants personally administered the questionnaire.  The questionnaire forms were collected on the spot and so there was a hundred percent rate of return.  It was discovered that nearly all the undergraduate students own mobile phones and majority consider it very useful.  Several reasons were advanced for owning a mobile phone by students.  These include; for mobility, emergency, e-mails and short message service, self assurance, improved social status, for fashion, loading information, social network and malpractice.  The features commonly used by students apart from  sending and receiving calls is the short message service.  The implications of mobile phone usage by students on school administration are: it is an object of distraction, encourage laziness as students now browse instead of going to the library, an object for examination malpractice and several other vices.  Recommendations were made to check the use of mobile phones by undergraduate students in Nigerian universities. Keywords: Mobile phone, Cellular technology, school administration

A Consumer Perspective on Mobile Market Evolution

In 2007 (Mazzoni, Castaldi, Addeo) we performed a wide research on consumer behavior in the Italian mobile communication market. Using a multidimensional segmentation approach, we identified three consumer clusters according to lifestyles, mobile phone use motivations and product attributes. One of the most interesting finding was that two clusters out of three were characterized by a minor propensity to an integrated and service-oriented use of mobile communication. In other words, some consumers conceived mobile phone not only as a simple communication devices, but more like a technologically advanced multipurpose tool. In mid-2000s Italian mobile companies and operators tried to push mobile communication market toward an integrated use, mostly relying on videophone communication. Although videophone communication had a very low impact on mobile market, integrated and service oriented use of cellular phones are becoming more and more the pillars of mobile communication market. Considering that the mobile communication market changes quickly under the spur of many technological innovations, new challenges or opportunities stem from the exploitation of innovations in mobile devices. The service economy (Fuchs, 1968; Gustafsson & Johnson, 2003), that implies the shift of manufacturers from goods selling to services delivering, is one of those challenges for mobile industry. Mainly since 2007, with the iPhone introduction, the “servitization” (Vandermerwe & Rada, 1988) has been an extending trend (Neely, 2007) among the mobile phones suppliers as they try to mix in their offerings either good and service, integrating phone devices with increasing software and applications. In a supplier perspective, this shift has an important impact on economical aspects, in term of cash-flows growth, or additional revenues - those streaming from selling more complementary services for products. Nevertheless, servitization also brings implications in the operation management, in the innovation strategy and compels providers to revise their business model also. But what is happening in the consumer perspective? A mass-market product like the mobile phone becomes extremely customizable by the complementary services that can be integrated into it: software updating allows customers to entail the mobile phone functionality on their unique needs. Analyzing the consumer perspective through the adoption of a behavior model above outlined (Mazzoni, 1995) and already applied and tested into the exploration of mobile market (Mazzoni, Castaldi, Addeo, 2007), this chapter aims - through a literature review - to understand how changes in the offerings can affect the three dimensions: lifestyles, use motivations and product attributes. Particularly, if shifts in product attributes are clear and evident, the chapter aims to consider the impact in the way in which customer’s expectations, needs and use of mobile phones are transforming

Towards anchoring Users’ Switching to Mobile Banking with Expectancy Theory

The rapid proliferation of advanced mobile devices has made mobile banking (m-banking) an attractive option for banks and mobile service providers; however, consumer demand for m-banking is low. In this study, we develop a model, anchored by expectancy theory, and validate it using data collected from 493 mobile phone users to predict intentions to switch to m-banking. Our findings suggest that perceived mobility, relative advantage, and self-efficacy are positively related to user intentions to switch banking channels. Perceived complexity is negatively related, perceived financial resources, and perceived risk are not related to user intentions to switch

Homeland Security and Wireless Telecommunications: The Continuing Evolution of Regulation

Since the grant of the first Commercial Mobile Radio Service ( CMRS ) license over twenty years ago, the wireless industry has grown from a service of convenience to one that is indispensable. What once was a device used for sporadic phone calls now is viewed by many Americans as a source of invaluable communication and security. As the wireless industry matured, government officials turned to the mobile phone as a way to make the United States safer. E-9 11, the Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act ( CALEA ), Wireless Priority Service ( WPS ), and Outage Reporting all were initiated on the wireless platform in the name of safety. The FCC implementation proceedings for each of these initiatives have differed markedly. In an advanced technology area such as wireless, government goals may best be achieved by relying on industry experts, because the technology is so sophisticated and constantly developing that the legislative and regulatory process at times cannot keep pace. This Article reviews wireless public safety and Homeland Security initiatives in three phases and explores the evolution of Homeland Security regulation of the wireless industry

Homeland Security and Wireless Telecommunications: The Continuing Evolution of Regulation

Since the grant of the first Commercial Mobile Radio Service ( CMRS ) license over twenty years ago, the wireless industry has grown from a service of convenience to one that is indispensable. What once was a device used for sporadic phone calls now is viewed by many Americans as a source of invaluable communication and security. As the wireless industry matured, government officials turned to the mobile phone as a way to make the United States safer. E-9 11, the Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act ( CALEA ), Wireless Priority Service ( WPS ), and Outage Reporting all were initiated on the wireless platform in the name of safety. The FCC implementation proceedings for each of these initiatives have differed markedly. In an advanced technology area such as wireless, government goals may best be achieved by relying on industry experts, because the technology is so sophisticated and constantly developing that the legislative and regulatory process at times cannot keep pace. This Article reviews wireless public safety and Homeland Security initiatives in three phases and explores the evolution of Homeland Security regulation of the wireless industry