Bloom's taxonomy and its adequacy to define instructional objective in order to obtain excellence in teaching

Muitos são os instrumentos existentes para apoiar o planejamento didático-pedagógico, a estruturação, a organização, a definição de objetivos instrucionais e a escolha de instrumentos de avaliação. A Taxonomia de Bloom é um desses instrumentos cuja finalidade é auxiliar a identificação e a declaração dos objetivos ligados ao desenvolvimento cognitivo que, no contexto deste artigo, engloba a aquisição do conhecimento, competência e atitudes, visando facilitar o planejamento do processo de ensino e aprendizagem. Embora este seja um instrumento adequado para utilização no ensino superior, poucos educadores fazem uso dele por não conhecerem uma maneira adequada de utilizá-lo. Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar a Taxonomia de Bloom e as modificações ocorridas nos últimos anos, assim como esclarecer a forma como ela pode ser utilizada dentro do contexto de ensino de engenharia.Bloom's taxonomy was created in order to support the classification of educational objectives and facilitate the process of teaching, learning and the cognitive development. Even though Bloom's Taxonomy has proven to be a significant tool for the process of teaching, learning, and assessment, few educators use it adequately, mostly because its use is not as clear as it should be. This paper describes the Bloom's Taxonomy including its updated version, and has the objective of clarifying some important points of how to Bloom's Taxonomy can be used in engineering courses (teaching, learning, and assessment) to provide an adequate, planed, and controlled cognitive development.Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES)Universidade Simon Frasie

E-learning tools for andragogy: a scale model of technology-based active learning

Andragogy is an educational philosophy on how to facilitate active learning for adult students. It requires instructors to engage students in various learning activities, including problem solving, essay writing, discussions, group projects, and so on. The challenge is how to facilitate student participation and assess learning outcomes. The emergence of e-learning tools, such as Discussion Board, Wiki, Blogs, and Wimba provide technical support for the new learning approach. Based on the review of information systems and education literature, this study develops a taxonomy of e-learning tools. In particular, it proposes a scale model based on the premise that e-learning tools must facilitate both content contribution and content appraisal for students. The taxonomy is validated with a simulation study based on the premises of media synchronicity theory. This framework provides a guideline on how to choose appropriate e-learning tools for various learning activities in the design of online and hybrid courses

Implementing microbiology education and training in digital era

Culture collections have a long tradition in training people that directly, or indirectly, are interested in microbial taxonomy and in microbial preservation and management. Academic (PhD and Master), advanced as well as bespoke courses on related topics in this field are regarded of true added value for the educational and microbial research community in Europe. In addition, only with modern and appealing approaches we can reverse the strong decline in numbers of trained microbial taxonomists in Europe that has been observed over the last decades. Gaps in microbial resource management training and potential synergies have been identified and the establishment of an educational community to create a knowledge-based training network and implement lifelong educational and continuing professional development courses for people working within culture collections have been developed. Training courses involved both theoretical and wet laboratory experiences in microbiology not only covering elements of taxonomy and identification of microorganisms but also isolation, characterisation, preservation and use of microbial resources are of the importance. To support these actions e-learning materials for training activities and distance courses need to be implemented with innovative approaches. On top of this, MIRRI is involved on the RItrain (The Research Infrastructure Training Programme, http://ritrain.eu/) Horizon 2020 project. RITrain envisages improve and professionalize the training of managerial and leadership staff in research infrastructures (RIs). This is vital for the future success of Europe because access to excellent RIs underpins the success of today’s research and innovation. The successful management and leadership of research infrastructure requires a complex collection of competencies, especially for those working across national borders. A flexible, modular executive master’s degree is under development for RI managers and leaders, including executive directors of RIs, heads of finance and administration, heads of Human Resources and communication.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Sharing Linkable Learning Objects with the use of Metadata and a Taxonomy Assistant for Categorization

In this work, a re-design of the Moodledata module functionalities is presented to share learning objects between e-learning content platforms, e.g., Moodle and G-Lorep, in a linkable object format. The e-learning courses content of the Drupal-based Content Management System G-Lorep for academic learning is exchanged designing an object incorporating metadata to support the reuse and the classification in its context. In such an Artificial Intelligence environment, the exchange of Linkable Learning Objects can be used for dialogue between Learning Systems to obtain information, especially with the use of semantic or structural similarity measures to enhance the existent Taxonomy Assistant for advanced automated classification

Assessing the quality of a student-generated question repository

We present results from a study that categorizes and assesses the quality of questions and explanations authored by students, in question repositories produced as part of the summative assessment in introductory physics courses over the past two years. Mapping question quality onto the levels in the cognitive domain of Bloom's taxonomy, we find that students produce questions of high quality. More than three-quarters of questions fall into categories beyond simple recall, in contrast to similar studies of student-authored content in different subject domains. Similarly, the quality of student-authored explanations for questions was also high, with approximately 60% of all explanations classified as being of high or outstanding quality. Overall, 75% of questions met combined quality criteria, which we hypothesize is due in part to the in-class scaffolding activities that we provided for students ahead of requiring them to author questions.Comment: 24 pages, 5 figure

A taxonomy of podcasts and its application to higher education

In this paper we address the uses of podcasts in higher education and we propose a taxonomy for podcasts. We describe results obtained within a study that is being conducted at the University of Minho, in Portugal, focusing on the use of podcasts and their implications towards learning in higher education. The project involves 6 lecturers from different scientific domains – Education, Humanities, Social Sciences, Engineering and Biology. These lecturers created 84 podcasts in order to support their undergraduate and master courses during the 1st and 2nd semesters of 2007/ 2008 and the 1st semester of 2008/ 2009. A total of 479 students - 372 undergraduate and 107 master students - were enrolled in 20 courses. Some students were not only podcasts listeners but they also had the challenge and the opportunity to create their own podcasts (34 episodes). Podcasts were classified in different types (Informative, Feedback, Guidelines and Authentic materials), styles (formal or informal), length (short, moderate or long), purpose and medium (audio or video), according to a taxonomy proposed by the authors. The majority of podcasts was Informative (76), followed by podcasts with Feedback (30), Guidelines (9) and Authentic materials (3). Most podcasts were short (102), mainly in informal style and only 21 were vodcasts. Students´ reactions about podcasts implementation in higher education revealed their acceptance of this new tool and their receptiveness to podcasting in other courses. The majority of students found podcasts a positive resource in learning, although they did not explore one of the main advantages of this technology – portability. Lecturers also found podcasting a useful resource for learning and recognized its great potential as a pedagogical tool but stressed that it is too time consuming

A taxonomy of video lecture styles

Many educational organizations are employing instructional video in their pedagogy, but there is limited understanding of the possible presentation styles. In practice, the presentation style of video lectures ranges from a direct recording of classroom teaching with a stationary camera and screencasts with voice-over, up to highly elaborate video post-production. Previous work evaluated the effectiveness of several presentation styles, but there has not been any consistent taxonomy, which would have made comparisons and meta-analyses possible. In this article, we surveyed the research literature and we examined contemporary video-based courses, which have been produced by diverse educational organizations and teachers across various academic disciplines. We organized video lectures in two dimensions according to the level of human presence and according to the type of instructional media. In addition to organizing existing video lectures in a comprehensive way, the proposed taxonomy offers a design space that facilitates the choice of a suitable presentation style, as well as the preparation of new ones.Comment: 14 pages, 5 figure

A review of Australasian investigations into problem solving and the novice programmer

This Australasian focused review compares a number of recent studies that have identified difficulties encountered by novices while learning programming and problem solving. These studies have shown that novices are not performing at expected levels and many novices have only a fragile knowledge of programming, which may prevent them from learning and applying problem solving strategies. The review goes on to explore proposals for explicitly incorporating problem solving strategy instruction into introductory programming curricula and assessment, in an attempt to produce improved learning outcomes for novices. Finally, directions suggested by the reviewed studies are gathered and some unanswered questions are raised

Report on Phase One: The social work curriculum.

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