29,601 research outputs found
The ethics of forgetting in an age of pervasive computing
In this paper, we examine the potential of pervasive computing to create widespread
sousveillance, that will complement surveillance, through the development of lifelogs;
socio-spatial archives that document every action, every event, every
conversation, and every material expression of an individualâs life. Examining lifelog
projects and artistic critiques of sousveillance we detail the projected mechanics
of life-logging and explore their potential implications. We suggest, given that lifelogs
have the potential to convert exterior generated oligopticons to an interior
panopticon, that an ethics of forgetting needs to be developed and built into the
development of life-logging technologies. Rather than seeing forgetting as a
weakness or a fallibility we argue that it is an emancipatory process that will free
pervasive computing from burdensome and pernicious disciplinary effects
Space time pixels
This paper reports the design of a networked system, the aim of
which is to provide an intermediate virtual space that will
establish a connection and support interaction between multiple
participants in two distant physical spaces.
The intention of the project is to explore the potential of the
digital space to generate original social relationships between
people that their current (spatial or social) position can
difficultly allow the establishment of innovative connections.
Furthermore, to explore if digital space can sustain, in time,
low-level connections like these, by balancing between the two
contradicting needs of communication and anonymity.
The generated intermediate digital space is a dynamic reactive
environment where time and space information of two physical
places is superimposed to create a complex common ground where
interaction can take place. It is a system that provides
awareness of activity in a distant space through an abstract
mutable virtual environment, which can be perceived in several
different ways â varying from a simple dynamic background image
to a common public space in the junction of two private spaces or
to a fully opened window to the other space â according to the
participants will.
The thesis is that the creation of an intermediary environment
that operates as an activity abstraction filter between several
users, and selectively communicates information, could give
significance to the ambient data that people unconsciously
transmit to others when co-existing. It can therefore generate a new layer of connections and original interactivity patterns; in contrary to a straight-forward direct real video and sound
system, that although it is functionally more feasible, it
preserves the existing social constraints that limit interaction
into predefined patterns
User-interface to a CCTV video search system
The proliferation of CCTV surveillance systems creates a problem of how to effectively navigate and search the resulting video archive, in a variety of security scenarios. We are concerned here with a situation where a searcher must locate all occurrences of a given person or object within a specified timeframe and with constraints on which camera(s) footage is valid to search. Conventional approaches based on browsing time/camera based combinations are inadequate. We advocate using automatically detected video objects as a basis for search, linking and browsing. In this paper we present a system under development based on users interacting with detected video objects. We outline the suite of technologies needed to achieve such a system and for each we describe where we are in terms of realizing those technologies. We also present a system interface to this system, designed with user needs and user tasks in mind
The concepts of surveillance and sousveillance: A critical analysis
The concept of surveillance has recently been complemented by the concept of sousveillance. Neither term, however, has been rigorously defined, and it is particularly unclear how to understand and delimit sousveillance. This article sketches a generic definition of surveillance and proceeds to explore various ways in which we might define sousveillance, including power differentials, surreptitiousness, control, reciprocity, and moral valence. It argues that for each of these ways of defining it, sousveillance either fails to be distinct from surveillance or to provide a generally useful concept. As such, the article concludes that academics should avoid the neologism, and simply clarify what sense of surveillance is at stake when necessary
CVABS: Moving Object Segmentation with Common Vector Approach for Videos
Background modelling is a fundamental step for several real-time computer
vision applications that requires security systems and monitoring. An accurate
background model helps detecting activity of moving objects in the video. In
this work, we have developed a new subspace based background modelling
algorithm using the concept of Common Vector Approach with Gram-Schmidt
orthogonalization. Once the background model that involves the common
characteristic of different views corresponding to the same scene is acquired,
a smart foreground detection and background updating procedure is applied based
on dynamic control parameters. A variety of experiments is conducted on
different problem types related to dynamic backgrounds. Several types of
metrics are utilized as objective measures and the obtained visual results are
judged subjectively. It was observed that the proposed method stands
successfully for all problem types reported on CDNet2014 dataset by updating
the background frames with a self-learning feedback mechanism.Comment: 12 Pages, 4 Figures, 1 Tabl
Better Foreground Segmentation Through Graph Cuts
For many tracking and surveillance applications, background subtraction
provides an effective means of segmenting objects moving in front of a static
background. Researchers have traditionally used combinations of morphological
operations to remove the noise inherent in the background-subtracted result.
Such techniques can effectively isolate foreground objects, but tend to lose
fidelity around the borders of the segmentation, especially for noisy input.
This paper explores the use of a minimum graph cut algorithm to segment the
foreground, resulting in qualitatively and quantitiatively cleaner
segmentations. Experiments on both artificial and real data show that the
graph-based method reduces the error around segmented foreground objects. A
MATLAB code implementation is available at
http://www.cs.smith.edu/~nhowe/research/code/#fgsegComment: 8 pages, 110 figures. Revision: Added web link to downloadable Matlab
implementatio
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