Advancing Education: Using Mobile Electronics To Deliver Communications

Based on gender, age, education level, online shopping, economic state, and level of development, this thesis discusses the kinds of electronic communication devices which are used in Arabic countries. Also, the internet, cellphone usage, and how electronic communication technology effect individual\u27s lives in Arabic countries will be studied. As a developing Arabic country, the United Arab Emirates (UAE) is seeking to use the best methods of digital education. Spending on education technology in the UAE is one of the highest in the world. The UAE is constantly looking to better the educational system. The economy in UAE has developed into a modern state. The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan is another an Arab Kingdom in the Middle East. This research discusses the importance of the information and communication sectors in Jordan. These sectors, as well as telecommunications and technology, business banking, the internet and e-commerce solutions, online shopping, and communication centers are the fastest growing areas in Jordan. Finally, Saudi Arabia has the highest reserves of national oil in the world. Recently, Saudi Arabia has developed rapidly because of its oil exports, so quality of life for citizens has improved. The government has provided an inexpensive distribution of electrical power, which helps advance internet use. Also, the improvement of the living level, and the internet and cellular phones have entered into people’s lives which bring more convenience to communicate in Saudi Arabia, especially in education

Using mobile learning in blended learning environments in higher education: perceptions and acceptance among students and lecturers at Qassim university, Saudi Arabia

This thesis was submitted for the award of Doctor of Philosophy and was awarded by Brunel University LondonIn Saudi Arabia, learning methods, such as blended learning and mobile learning, have become more important than ever. However, to successfully implement such type of learning methods in higher education settings, determining the perceptions of students and lecturers is vital. Therefore, this qualitative study aims to determine students’ and lecturers’ understanding, acceptance, and barriers of using mobile learning in blended learning environments, using semi-structured interviews, open-ended surveys, and responses to the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT). Overall, 108 participants were included in the study, of which 12 students attended the interview and 24 lecturers and 72 students participated in the open-ended survey. The results show that performance expectancy, effort expectancy, habit, academic social influence, and conditions facilitating academics are the core determinants of behavioural intention, which have direct effects on the user behaviour of students and lecturers. To our knowledge, this is the first study that has investigated blended mobile learning acceptance in Saudi higher education settings. The findings can be generalised to the most of Saudi universities and some universities in the Arabian Gulf that exhibit the same conditions

Saudi teachers’ and university students’ attitudes toward computing

Computer technology is an important tool that enhances people’s learning, improves their education and influences the development of society. There is considerable research in Western countries studying attitudes towards computers but few studies have been performed in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Therefore, it is worth measuring students’ attitudes to computer use in KSA as, if students are able to develop a positive attitude towards this during their educational years, they will increase their learning and knowledge, their future work will benefit and in turn this will benefit the national economy. The aim of this study is to investigate the associations between Saudi University students’ knowledge of English, their gender, computer experience, parents’ encouragement of use computer usage, place of residence and general attitudes towards the use of computers in their daily life. The main contribution of this study is the investigation of the attitude of both teachers and students within different regions of Saudi Arabia, using a large quantitative data set triangulated with qualitative data. The results show that Saudi undergraduate students have a positive attitude toward computers, and there are no significant gender differences between male and female students in their attitudes. This study also suggests students in the capital city have a more positive attitude towards computer than students from small cities. There is also a strong relationship between attitudes towards computers and English language skills, computer experiences, parental encouragement and undergraduate students’ computer attitudes. A majority of Saudi students in the study don’t have access to computers at university, especially females. The qualitative study conducted with school teachers shows gender differences, with male teachers having a more positive attitudes towards computers, and more computer experience and skills. The evidence presented in this work suggests that the educational use of computing in KSA requires an increased availability of computers; provision of computer workshops for students and educators starting from early education; levels to higher education and encouragement of students to use computers in learning methods in order to be successful

Review of Research on Culture and ICT: Insights from the Arab World

Most published research on information and communication technology (ICT) application has been in the context of advanced economies of the world, particularly western countries, viz. Europe and North America. Research on ICT impact on socio-economic development has been primarily focused on eastern Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. Relatively little research has been published on ICT in the Arab world. But better appreciation of the role of Arab culture on ICT use may help in providing guidance for more successful implementation of ICT in the future. To help ascertain this role we reviewed the literature between 2003 and 2016 focusing on ICT implementation in Arabic speaking countries

Trends and Issues in Educational Technology Research in Saudi Higher Education: A Meta-Analysis Review

As Information Technology expands, all industries and fields in Saudi Arabia are experiencing reduced costs and improvements in the efficiency and effectiveness of operations in various systems. This has positioned the higher education sector in Saudi Arabia as the land of opportunity in terms of educational technology and its ability to support the development of sustainable educational systems. However, scholars in the field in Saudi Arabia still lack sufficient academic scientific study surrounding the various trends and issues in educational technology research in Saudi higher education. Therefore, this study contributes to this gap in knowledge by aiming to evaluate the contents of previous relevant articles concerning educational technology within Saudi universities. The study reviews the trends (i.e. types of technology, target groups, the socio-technical research context, research theories and the research paradigm and methodology) and the various issues on which studies of educational technology have concentrated. Based on this, a total of 52 studies were reviewed. Thereafter, the study outlines limitations in the previous studies and accordingly puts forward various potential future directions and opportunities for research in this field, and some implications for theory. Keywords: Educational Technology, E-Learning, Higher Education, Saudi Arabia, Universities

What are the necessary skills for leading an online business in Saudi Arabia?

Online business in Saudi Arabia is almost certain to grow because a large proportion of the population is younger than 25, tech perceptive, and global in their perspectives toward product buying in their everyday lives. The purpose of this research was to suggest leadership theories, tactics, and techniques that Saudi Arabian business owners can utilize to pursue online business strategies of growth and success today and in the future. An online instrument surveyed 142 Saudi Arabian citizens to identify factors affecting online business in Saudi Arabia and to identify the necessary skill sets a leader must have to lead an online business in Saudi Arabia. An important limitation of this study was that the history of Saudi Arabian online business was difficult to research and find. Another limitation is that clarifying problems in the Saudi Arabian social, economic, legal, and political environments were a very sensitive, touchy undertaking for certain facts and information. After getting the approval from this study\u27s committee and getting approval from the Institutional Review Board (IRB) at Pepperdine University, findings from 142 participants (Saudi Arabian citizens) who took the online survey were analyzed, and based on these findings, the researcher generated implications and recommendations. Some of the findings were that the majority of the respondents preferred responding in Arabic. Most of the respondents were male (75.4%). Only a small percentage was younger than 21 and older than 50. The majority were people with bachelor\u27s and master\u27s degrees. Business owners accounted only 44.4% of the total number of respondents. The growth of online business was attributed to passage of time and likelihood of young people using more online services. The respondents thought that the government did not provide enough infrastructure support for online businesses. According to the findings, the most important leadership traits a leader must have to lead an online business in Saudi Arabia are honesty and integrity

Mobile commerce innovation in the airline sector: An investigation of mobile services acceptance in Saudi Arabia

This thesis was submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy and awarded by Brunel UniversityThe advancement of Information Technology (IT) has changed the business landscape in many industries and especially the airline sector. Modern Information Communication Technologies (ICT) provide powerful tools for organizations and can significantly influence their operation, structure, and strategy. The emergence of mobile technologies has created a new innovation for airline companies by increasing the availability, frequency, and speed of communication between the company and their customers. This research aims to investigate the factors influencing the customers behavioural intention to adopt and utilize mobile services during their travel process. Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Innovation Diffusion Theory (IDT) provide the theoretical basis for explaining how consumers perceive mobile services which they access and operate by their mobile handset. To achieve that, this research employed a mixed method of quantitative and qualitative approaches with a dominant quantitative method. A consumer web-based survey was conducted in the Saudi Arabia travel sector with respect to mobile services usage in airline sector , 307 valid questionnaires were received and analyzed by using SPSS (V.18), correlation, regression and factor analysis tests were conducted . The findings of this research revealed that, perceived usefulness, mobility and compatibility are loaded to be one predictor of behavioural intention to use mobile services in Saudi Arabia. The reason behind it may be interpreted as customers nowadays have seen mobility and compatibility as attributes of perceived usefulness. Further, social influence, perceived ease of use and personal innovativeness were found to significantly influence the behavioural intention .whereas, perceived risk was found not to be a predictor to the behavioural intention to use mobile services in Saudi Arabia. Finally, the model analysis and survey evaluation enable airline companies to make mobile commerce service provision decision, these findings contribute to a road map for airline companies to encourage their customers to adopt mobile services and keep them engaged during the overall travel life cycleSaudi Airline

Exploring how digital media technologies can foster Saudi EFL students' English language learning

Digital Media Technologies (DMTs) has been inspiring people, especially younger generations, for decades. In education, DMTs usage has been investigated as a learning tool. In recent years, studies have been conducted to examine the affordances of DMTs in the context of learning English as a foreign language (EFL). Research has shown that there is a relationship between DMTs usage and intentional learning, as the latter has been argued to be an important aspect of learning. This study aims to understand high-school students’ use of DMTs for fostering EFL intentional learning, especially outside the classroom in the Saudi context. To achieve this goal, a mixed-method research approach was applied. The quantitative data was collected through an online survey that was distributed to Year 12 Saudi male students (n= 350). The qualitative data was collected with students through two phases: the first phase consisted of semi-structured focus group interviews (n= 24) while the second was an online journal (n= 6). The results have shown that Saudi high-school students were highly engaged with DMTs and intentionally use several types of DMTs for learning purposes

Exploring value co-creation within buyer-seller relationship in mobile applications services : a model development

Mobile phones have become an indispensable part of consumers’ life where they access core and supporting services via mobile applications services (m-applications). The focus of the present study is to explore dyadic buyer-seller roles in m-applications services’ value creation taking mobile banking applications services (MB-applications) as a case study. While prior research on value co-creation in service dominant logic (S-d logic) serves as a foundation for this study, it does not provide adequate guidance on how buyer and seller co-create value in m-applications services.To address this shortcoming, semi-structured interviews were carried out with 12 banks’ officials in banks’ headquarters of Saudi Arabia. Also, six focus groups were conducted; three with MB-application services users and three with non-users which were held in Riyadh College of Technology (RCT). In addition, a content analysis of MB-applications services was conducted to support suppliers’ perspectives regarding value propositions (service offering). A conceptual framework is developed for managing co-creation to illustrate practical application of the framework.The findings pointed to six factors that shape shape service suppliers’ ability to offer and deliver value via MB-applications, namely; brand image building, bank’s business vision, customer culture-orientation, bank’s internal environment, information technology system and positioning strategy. These factors combine to establish a value proposition for banks’ customers in the MB-applications services domain.Customer’s value creation as value in-use during usage emerged in different usage situations. A value framework incorporating value consumptions (Sheth et al., 1991a) is proposed. It identifies the main value-adding elements in m-applications and the primary drivers for adopting m-applications. Findings revealed that bank managers attempted to support customers’ value creation, which was reflected in MB-application content. However, support was constrained by some insufficient assumptions about customers and the m-commerce architecture. Factors that impede MB-applications use include consumers’ banking habits, perceived risk (security and privacy); usability hindrance, marketing and promotion, technical problems, and socio-cultural barriers. Implications are drawn for service delivery value perception and mobile marketing theory, and recommendations are made to service suppliers and commercial banks to achieve sustained returns of investment from MB-applications services

The Impact Of Changing Technology: The Case Of E-Learning

For centuries, education has relied on classroom methods, but technology-enhanced learning can potentially bring about a revolution in learning, making high-quality, cost-effective education available to a greater number of people. The basic advantages of e-learning include anytime-anywhere access to learning, cost reductions, ability to reach larger markets, more effective learning with personalized instructions, and flexibility. For the full potential of e-learning to be realized, however, the content, services, and systems from different suppliers all need to work together. This paper provides an overview of the benefits and limitations of e-learning as well as its cost-effectiveness. The continual advances in information technology as well as software-based training and education are rapidly offering a cost-effective and flexible alternative to traditional face-to-face learning. With the introduction of e-learning, students are empowered to embark on active, independent learning. They can access course information and perform research with the help of this virtual space provided using the Internet. Consistency, fast deployment, and simple evaluation are all attractive features of e-learning, but the most compelling reason to consider the introduction of e-learning may be the significant reduction in costs associated with education. Once developed, the online guidance component can be used many times with minimal costs. Students can also go through the training process repeatedly to ensure maximum effective learning