374,527 research outputs found
Strong Coordination over Multi-hop Line Networks
We analyze the problem of strong coordination over a multi-hop line network
in which the node initiating the coordination is a terminal network node. We
assume that each node has access to a certain amount of randomness that is
local to the node, and that the nodes share some common randomness, which are
used together with explicit hop-by-hop communication to achieve strong
coordination. We derive the trade-offs among the required rates of
communication on the network links, the rates of local randomness available to
network nodes, and the rate of common randomness to realize strong
coordination. We present an achievable coding scheme built using multiple
layers of channel resolvability codes, and establish several settings in which
this scheme is proven to offer the best possible trade-offs.Comment: 35 pages, 9 Figures, 4 Tables. A part of this work were published in
the 2015 IEEE Information Theory Workshop, and a part was accepted for
publication in the 50th Annual Conference on Information Sciences and System
Network architecture, salience and coordination
This paper reports the results of an experimental investigation of
monotone games with imperfect information. Players are located at
the nodes of a network and observe the actions of other players only if
they are connected by the network. These games have many sequential
equilibria; nonetheless, the behavior of subjects in the laboratory is
predictable. The network architecture makes some strategies salient
and this in turn makes the subjects’ behavior predictable and facilitates
coordination on efficient outcomes. In some cases, modal behavior
corresponds to equilibrium strategies
Statistics of the contact network in frictional and frictionless granular packings
Simulated granular packings with different particle friction coefficient mu
are examined. The distribution of the particle-particle and particle-wall
normal and tangential contact forces P(f) are computed and compared with
existing experimental data. Here f equivalent to F/F-bar is the contact force F
normalized by the average value F-bar. P(f) exhibits exponential-like decay at
large forces, a plateau/peak near f = 1, with additional features at forces
smaller than the average that depend on mu. Computations of the force-force
spatial distribution function and the contact point radial distribution
function indicate that correlations between forces are only weakly dependent on
friction and decay rapidly beyond approximately three particle diameters.
Distributions of the particle-particle contact angles show that the contact
network is not isotropic and only weakly dependent on friction. High
force-bearing structures, or force chains, do not play a dominant role in these
three dimensional, unloaded packings.Comment: 11 pages, 13 figures, submitted to PR
Adaptive Elastic Networks as models of supercooled liquids
The thermodynamics and dynamics of supercooled liquids correlate with their
elasticity. In particular for covalent networks, the jump of specific heat is
small and the liquid is {\it strong} near the threshold valence where the
network acquires rigidity. By contrast, the jump of specific heat and the
fragility are large away from this threshold valence. In a previous work [Proc.
Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 110, 6307 (2013)], we could explain these behaviors by
introducing a model of supercooled liquids in which local rearrangements
interact via elasticity. However, in that model the disorder characterizing
elasticity was frozen, whereas it is itself a dynamic variable in supercooled
liquids. Here we study numerically and theoretically adaptive elastic network
models where polydisperse springs can move on a lattice, thus allowing for the
geometry of the elastic network to fluctuate and evolve with temperature. We
show numerically that our previous results on the relationship between
structure and thermodynamics hold in these models. We introduce an
approximation where redundant constraints (highly coordinated regions where the
frustration is large) are treated as an ideal gas, leading to analytical
predictions that are accurate in the range of parameters relevant for real
materials. Overall, these results lead to a description of supercooled liquids,
in which the distance to the rigidity transition controls the number of
directions in phase space that cost energy and the specific heat.Comment: 12 pages, 14 figure
Communication, coordination and networks
We study experimentally how the network structure and length of pre-play communication affect behavior and outcome in a multi-player coordination game with
conflicting preferences. Network structure matters but the interaction between network and time effects is more subtle. Under each time treatment, substantial variations are observed in both the rate of coordination and distribution of coordinated outcomes across networks. But, increasing the communication length improves both efficiency and equity of coordination. In all treatments, coordination is mostly explained by convergence in communication. We also identify behaviors that explain
variations in the distribution of coordinated outcomes both within and across networks
THE ROLE OF CROSS-CLASS ALLIANCES AND ELITES IN COORDINATED EMPLOYMENT RELATIONS IN DENMARK. CES Open Forum Series 2018-2019, September 4, 2018
Explanations for coordination between labor and capital in Northern Europe continue to
cause debate among scholars of comparative political economy. On one hand, power
resource scholars argue that strong trade unions promoting equality are necessary for
coordination. On the other hand, employer-centered theories argue that employers are the
primary actors in promoting coordination due to the comparative advantages stemming
from coordination. To inform this debate, we study the case of Denmark by combining a
unique database of 5.000 elite affiliations with 80 stakeholder interviews spanning a
decade. We argue that trade union power resources are necessary for coordination.
However, only when certain segments of labor can forge powerful alliances with key
employers for the economy will coordination persist. The network analysis identifies a
powerful cross-class alliance between trade unions and employer associations in
manufacturing. Interviews with stakeholders show that coordination in industrial relations
and related institutional spheres such as education and industrial policies serves this
alliance’s interests in safeguarding international competitiveness of manufacturing.
However, intra-class allegiances ensure that the alliance constantly has to consider the
interests of outsider organizations
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