945 research outputs found
Inverse Modeling for MEG/EEG data
We provide an overview of the state-of-the-art for mathematical methods that
are used to reconstruct brain activity from neurophysiological data. After a
brief introduction on the mathematics of the forward problem, we discuss
standard and recently proposed regularization methods, as well as Monte Carlo
techniques for Bayesian inference. We classify the inverse methods based on the
underlying source model, and discuss advantages and disadvantages. Finally we
describe an application to the pre-surgical evaluation of epileptic patients.Comment: 15 pages, 1 figur
Dynamic filtering of static dipoles in magnetoencephalography
We consider the problem of estimating neural activity from measurements
of the magnetic fields recorded by magnetoencephalography. We exploit
the temporal structure of the problem and model the neural current as a
collection of evolving current dipoles, which appear and disappear, but whose
locations are constant throughout their lifetime. This fully reflects the physiological
interpretation of the model.
In order to conduct inference under this proposed model, it was necessary
to develop an algorithm based around state-of-the-art sequential Monte
Carlo methods employing carefully designed importance distributions. Previous
work employed a bootstrap filter and an artificial dynamic structure
where dipoles performed a random walk in space, yielding nonphysical artefacts
in the reconstructions; such artefacts are not observed when using the
proposed model. The algorithm is validated with simulated data, in which
it provided an average localisation error which is approximately half that of
the bootstrap filter. An application to complex real data derived from a somatosensory
experiment is presented. Assessment of model fit via marginal
likelihood showed a clear preference for the proposed model and the associated
reconstructions show better localisation
Changes in electrophysiological static and dynamic human brain functional architecture from childhood to late adulthood
Published: 04 November 2020This magnetoencephalography study aimed at characterizing age-related changes in resting-state functional brain organization from mid-childhood to late adulthood. We investigated neuromagnetic brain activity at rest in 105 participants divided into three age groups: children (6â9 years), young adults (18â34 years) and healthy elders (53â78 years). The effects of age on static resting-state functional brain integration were assessed using band-limited power envelope correlation, whereas those on transient functional brain dynamics were disclosed using hidden Markov modeling of power envelope activity. Brain development from childhood to adulthood came with (1) a strengthening of functional integration within and between resting-state networks and (2) an increased temporal stability of transient (100â300 ms lifetime) and recurrent states of network activation or deactivation mainly encompassing lateral or medial associative neocortical areas. Healthy aging was characterized by decreased static resting-state functional integration and dynamic stability within the primary visual network. These results based on electrophysiological measurements free of neurovascular biases suggest that functional brain integration mainly evolves during brain development, with limited changes in healthy aging. These novel electrophysiological insights into human brain functional architecture across the lifespan pave the way for future clinical studies investigating how brain disorders affect brain development or healthy aging.This study was supported by the Action de Recherche ConcertĂŠe Consolidation (ARCC, âCharacterizing the spatio-temporal dynamics and the electrophysiological bases of resting state networksâ, ULB, Brussels, Belgium), the Fonds Erasme (Research Convention âLes Voies du Savoirâ,Brussels, Belgium) and the Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (Research Convention: T.0109.13, FRS-FNRS, Brussels, Belgium). Nicolas Coquelet has been supported by the ARCC, by the Fonds Erasme (Research Convention âLes Voies du Savoirâ, Brussels, Belgium) and is supported by the FRS-FNRS (Research Convention: Excellence of Science EOS âMEMODYNâ). Alison Mary is Postdoctoral Researcher at the FRS-FNRS. Maxime Niesen and Marc Vander Ghinst have been supported by the Fonds Erasme. Mariagrazia Ranzini is supported by the Marie Sklodowska-Curie European Unionâs Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (Research Grant: 839394). Mathieu Bourguignon is supported by the program Attract of Innoviris (Research Grant 2015-BB2B-10, Brussels, Belgium), the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Action of the European Commission (Research Grant: 743562) and by the Spanish Ministery of Economy and Competitiveness (Research Grant: PSI2016-77175-P). Xavier De Tiège is Postdoctorate Clinical Master Specialist at the FRS-FNRS. The MEG project at the CUB HĂ´pital Erasme is financially supported by the Fonds Erasme
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