New Trends in Development of Services in the Modern Economy

The services sector strategic development unites a multitude of economic and managerial aspects and is one of the most important problems of economic management. Many researches devoted to this industry study are available. Most of them are performed in the traditional aspect of the voluminous calendar approach to strategic management, characteristic of the national scientific school. Such an approach seems archaic, forming false strategic benchmarks. The services sector is of special scientific interest in this context due to the fact that the social production structure to the services development model attraction in many countries suggests transition to postindustrial economy type where the services sector is a system-supporting sector of the economy. Actively influencing the economy, the services sector in the developed countries dominates in the GDP formation, primary capital accumulation, labor, households final consumption and, finally, citizens comfort of living. However, a clear understanding of the services sector as a hyper-sector permeating all spheres of human activity has not yet been fully developed, although interest in this issue continues to grow among many authors. Target of strategic management of the industry development setting requires substantive content and the services sector target value assessment

NASA Tech Briefs, October 1990

Topics: New Product Ideas; NASA TU Services; Electronic Components and Circuits; Electronic Systems; Physical' Sciences; Materials; Computer Programs; Mechanics; Machinery; Fabrication Technology; Mathematics and Information Sciences; Life Sciences

Occupational Choice and the Spirit of Capitalism

The British Industrial Revolution triggered a reversal in the social order whereby the landed elite was replaced by industrial capitalists rising from the middle classes as the economically dominant group. Many observers have linked this transformation to the contrast in values between a hard-working and thrifty middle class and an upper class imbued with disdain for work. We propose an economic theory of preference formation in which both the divergence of attitudes across social classes and the ensuing reversal of economic fortunes are equilibrium outcomes. In our theory, parents shape their children’s preferences in response to economic incentives. If financial markets are imperfect, this results in the stratification of society along occupational lines. Middle-class families in occupations that require effort, skill, and experience develop patience and work ethic, whereas upper-class families relying on rental income cultivate a refined taste for leisure. These class-specific attitudes, which are rooted in the nature of pre-industrial professions, become key determinants of success once industrialization transforms the economic landscape.Endogenous Preferences, Social Classes, Industrial Revolution

CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY IN ROMANIA

The purpose of this paper is to identify the main opportunities and limitations of corporate social responsibility (CSR). The survey was defined with the aim to involve the highest possible number of relevant CSR topics and give the issue a more wholesome perspective. It provides a basis for further comprehension and deeper analyses of specific CSR areas. The conditions determining the success of CSR in Romania have been defined in the paper on the basis of the previously cumulative knowledge as well as the results of various researches. This paper provides knowledge which may be useful in the programs promoting CSR.Corporate social responsibility, Supportive policies, Romania

Activity and Rhythms in Roman Fora in the Republican and Early Imperial Periods

Piazzas have long been places of community, interaction, and conflict within urban environments. This was certainly the case in Roman Italy, where the forum was the economic, political, and social center of most towns. Nevertheless, when fora are discussed in current scholarship, the focus is almost always on the political messaging and identity-forming elements within these spaces. This emphasis results in reconstructions nearly void of personal engagement or activity, particularly for anyone not claiming an elite male identity. My dissertation aims to create a new framework for how we examine open public spaces in Roman society (4th century BCE – 1st century CE) and the variety of lived experiences possible within them, an objective accomplished through an interdisciplinary approach combining textual, archaeological, and ethnographic evidence. After exploring possible reasons why scholars of Roman urbanism have overlooked the subject of piazza spaces in Chapter 1, in Chapter 2 I review a wide variety of qualitative and quantitative theories which have been applied to the open public spaces of the Roman world and discuss how each has affected my own approach. Central to my framework is a mixture of a form of A. Rapoport’s architectural-communication approach with H. Lefebvre’s concept of rhythmanalysis. Lefebvre’s consideration of rhythm introduces the notions of cyclical and linear time as important elements for understanding the nature of spatial environments; meanwhile, Rapoport’s division of urban features into different types allows a categorical separation based on permanence and spatial influence that lends itself to an archaeological consideration. Importantly, to Rapoport’s division I add the concept of transitory-feature elements, which includes aspects of the urban environment that may appear and disappear within a rhythmic cycle. Chapter 3 delves into the primary ancient sources discussing activities and interactions in piazza spaces, including military functionality, information gathering, and daily life events involving taverns, banks, auctions, markets, bookshops, gambling, slave auctions, brothels, games, punishments, protest, omens, and general leisure. The collection of these activities provides an initial framework and catalog of concrete actions which may then be combined with what may be understood from the specific built environments of these spaces themselves. These physical environments are the subject of Chapter 4, where I outline different examples of framing-feature, local-feature, and transitory-feature elements from archaeological and textual sources and suggest future avenues for expanded research. The next two chapters explore how we might use the concept of rhythm to expand how we research and explore piazza spaces and the events which take place within them. These are by necessity experimental, and each takes a different approach to interpreting lived experiences. Chapter 5 explores the possibilities available for further research into a subject well-studied both textually and archaeologically: the Roman triumph. In moving away from a purely elite viewpoint, I address the triumph in terms of its rhythmic qualities over time. This new approach both affects how we view the triumphal event and allows us to shift our consideration to the differential spaces and, most importantly, people who engaged with the procession over the course of their lives. Chapter 6, meanwhile, takes an archaeological approach to considering the rhythms of an open public space at the site of Gabii outside Rome, with a focus on how its rhythms reflect the larger cultural changes taking place in Roman Italy.PHDClassical Art & ArchaeologyUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/163077/1/mnaglak_1.pd

University of New Hampshire, The graduate school 1974-75

Includes Graduate School catalog; Title varie