164,455 research outputs found
Structure Preserving Transformations for Practical Model-based Systems Engineering
In this third decade of systems engineering in the twenty-first century, it
is important to develop and demonstrate practical methods to exploit
machine-readable models in the engineering of systems. Substantial investment
has been made in languages and modelling tools for developing models. A key
problem is that system architects and engineers work in a multidisciplinary
environment in which models are not the product of any one individual. This
paper provides preliminary results of a formal approach to specify models and
structure preserving transformations between them that support model
synchronization. This is an important area of research and practice in software
engineering. However, it is limited to synchronization at the code level of
systems. This paper leverages previous research of the authors to define a core
fractal for interpretation of concepts into model specifications and
transformation between models. This fractal is used to extend the concept of
synchronization of models to the system level and is demonstrated through a
practical engineering example for an advanced driver assistance system.Comment: Accepted by the 8th IEEE International Symposium on Systems
Engineering (ISSE 2022), Special Session on Theoretical Foundations of System
Engineering (THEFOSE
Middlewareâs message : the financial technics of codata
In this paper, I will argue for the relevance of certain distinctive features of messaging systems, namely those in which data (a) can be sent and received asynchronously, (b) can be sent to multiple simultaneous recipients and (c) is received as a âpotentially infiniteâ flow of unpredictable events. I will describe the social technology of the stock ticker, a telegraphic device introduced at the New York Stock Exchange in the 1860s, with reference to early twentieth century philosophers of synchronous experience (Bergson), simultaneous sign interpretations (Mead and Peirce), and flows of discrete events (Bachelard). Then, I will show how the tickerâs data flows developed into the 1990s-era technologies of message queues and message brokers, which distinguished themselves through their asynchronous implementation of ticker-like message feeds sent between otherwise incompatible computers and terminals. These latter systemsâ characteristic âpublish/subscribeâ communication pattern was one in which conceptually centralized (if logically distributed) flows of messages would be âpublished,â and for which âsubscribersâ would be spontaneously notified when events of interest occurred. This paradigmâcommon to the so-called âmessage-oriented middlewareâ systems of the late 1990sâwould re-emerge in different asynchronous distributed system contexts over the following decades, from âpush mediaâ to Twitter to the Internet of Things
Durable Digital Objects Rather Than Digital Preservation
Long-term digital preservation is not the best available objective. Instead, what information producers and consumers almost surely want is a universe of durable digital objectsâdocuments and programs that are as accessible and useful a century from now as they are today.
Given the will, we could implement and deploy a practical and pleasing durability infrastructure within two years. Tools for daily work can embed packaging for durability without much burdening their users. Moving responsibility for durability from archival employees to information producers also avoids burdening repositories with keeping up with Internet scale. An engineering prescription is available.
Research librariesâ and archivesâ slow advance towards practical preservation of digital content is remarkable to outsiders. Why is their progress stalled? Ineffective collaboration across disciplinary boundaries has surely been a major impediment. We speculate about cultural reasons for this situation and warn about possible marginalization of research librarianship as a profession.
Durable Digital Objects Rather Than Digital Preservation
Long-term digital preservation is not the best available objective. Instead, what information producers and consumers almost surely want is a universe of durable digital objectsâdocuments and programs that will be as accessible and useful a century from now as they are today.
Given the will, we could implement and deploy a practical and pleasing durability infrastructure within two years. Tools for daily work can embed packaging for durability without much burdening their users. Moving responsibility for durability from archival employees to information producers would also avoid burdening repositories with keeping up with Internet scale. An engineering prescription is available.
Research librariesâ and archivesâ slow advance towards practical preservation of digital content is remarkable to outsiders. Why does their progress seem stalled? Ineffective collaboration across disciplinary boundaries has surely been a major impediment. We speculate about cultural reasons for this situation and warn about possible marginalization of research librarianship as a profession.
Teaching Data Science
We describe an introductory data science course, entitled Introduction to
Data Science, offered at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. The
course introduced general programming concepts by using the Python programming
language with an emphasis on data preparation, processing, and presentation.
The course had no prerequisites, and students were not expected to have any
programming experience. This introductory course was designed to cover a wide
range of topics, from the nature of data, to storage, to visualization, to
probability and statistical analysis, to cloud and high performance computing,
without becoming overly focused on any one subject. We conclude this article
with a discussion of lessons learned and our plans to develop new data science
courses.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures, International Conference on Computational
Science (ICCS 2016
Interacting with technology in an ever more complex World: Designing for an all-inclusive society
In a recent study we undertook we analyzed a relatively simple day-to-day technology namely the use of automatic teller machines (ATMs) by older adults. Our results alert to the fact that for an aging population Worldwide, even seemingly simple technological products (such as ATMs) have to be in future more carefully designed to be all-inclusive (e.g. intuitively usable by all) so that individuals do not feel marginalized by financially-oriented [as well as other] technology. This will enable obvious immediate benefits for people, including increased productivity, quality of life and independence. Recent studies have proven that belonging to social groups and networks â in sum, feeling included through oneâs relationships in society â can be just as important for oneâs health as diet and exercise â social isolation can be a health hazard comparable to that of smoking, high blood pressure and obesity (Jetten et al. 2009). Computers and technology, on the other hand, are to become ever more present in society (Challenger 2009). We thus believe that steps have to be taken to prevent the elderly and other groups with limitations from feeling disconnected in an increasingly technological World. Otherwise we will incur hidden costs at a growing rate (U.S. Census Bureau)
The Right Place at the Right Time: Creative Spaces in Libraries
Purpose
This essay explores the recent trend in libraries: that of the establishment of spaces specifically set aside for creative work. The rise of these dedicated creative spaces is owed to a confluence of factors that happen to be finding their expression together in recent years. This essay examines the history of these spaces and explores the factors that gave rise to them and will fuel them moving forward.
Design/Methodology/Approach
A viewpoint piece, this essay combines historical research and historical/comparative analyses to examine the ways by which libraries have supported creative work in the past and how they may continue to do so into the 21st century.
Findings
The key threads brought together include a societal recognition of the value of creativity and related skills and attributes; the philosophies, values, and missions of libraries in both their longstanding forms and in recent evolutions; the rise of participatory culture as a result of inexpensive technologies; improved means to build community and share results of efforts; and library experience and historical practice in matters related to creativity. The chapter concludes with advice for those interested in the establishment of such spaces, grounding those reflections in the authorâs experiences in developing a new creative space at Virginia Commonwealth University.
Originality/value
While a number of pieces have been written that discuss the practicalities of developing certain kinds of creative spaces, very little has been written that situates these spaces in larger social and library professional contexts; this essay begins to fill that gap
Project Management Competencies: A Survey of Perspectives Form Project Managers in South East Queensland
The findings are presented of a competency survey of project managers in South East Queensland, Australia. This was designed to capture the âreal worldâ experiences and skills of current practicing project managers, and investigate the most important project management skills that a project manager must possess, and obtain any additional skills and/or issues that a project manager should possess and be aware of in the twenty-first century. In terms of project management skills, it was found that the ability to communicate, ability to meet project objectives and make decisions are the most important skills needed. In contrast, ability to use computer/project management software and ability to manage legal issues are the least important skills. In terms of current skills, the older managers, with the exception of the use of computer/project management software, have a greater degree of project management skills than their younger counterparts. The biggest gap between skills needed and skills possessed is in communication. The issues and skills that a project manager should be aware of and possess in the foreseeable future were found to comprise industrial relations, workplace health and safety, environmental issues, adaptability/innovative/flexibility, stakeholders management skill, coaching/transfer of knowledge skill, client related skill, networking skill and business skill
Workshop proceedings: Information Systems for Space Astrophysics in the 21st Century, volume 1
The Astrophysical Information Systems Workshop was one of the three Integrated Technology Planning workshops. Its objectives were to develop an understanding of future mission requirements for information systems, the potential role of technology in meeting these requirements, and the areas in which NASA investment might have the greatest impact. Workshop participants were briefed on the astrophysical mission set with an emphasis on those missions that drive information systems technology, the existing NASA space-science operations infrastructure, and the ongoing and planned NASA information systems technology programs. Program plans and recommendations were prepared in five technical areas: Mission Planning and Operations; Space-Borne Data Processing; Space-to-Earth Communications; Science Data Systems; and Data Analysis, Integration, and Visualization
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