Inventory Signals

How does operational competence translate into market value, when firms cannot credibly communicate their competence to the market? I consider the example of inventory and fill rates. When the market sees a high-inventory firm, it cannot tell whether the inventory is due to incompetence or a strategy to enhance fill rate. Firms might decide to signal their competence to the market by carrying less inventory. I show conditions for separating and pooling perfect Bayesian equilibria. I also provide empirical evidence for this theory that inventory has a signaling role. The theory could potentially provide a framework that describes one way in which a range of operational competences such as purchasing and outsourcing, translate to market value. Practically, it has implications for firms, such as how to strategically communicate to the market, reward managers, or even whether to go public and be subject to market pressures.Inventory; signaling; operations management; asymmetric information

Billy the squid written by colin downland

English is a foreign language which many people considered it as an important that has important role in knowledge field, such as technology, science, medical, agriculture, economy, literature. Many books are using a foreign language especially English and need understandable translation by indonesian people. In this report the writer tryies to translate the short story in the book of fiction. The purpose of this report is to fulfill the final requirement for Diploma III English Translation Program and improve the skill in translating. In translation, there are some methods used by the translator in translating the result of translation overall. The writer took three methods from Peter Newmark theories to translate the book of Billy the Squid, there are word by word, free translation and adaptation. The result of translation show that to translate the short story is not easy, the book needs a translator who has high imagination and sentence adaptation skill. Different of culture is one of the problem of translating. The writer very often used method of adaptation because SL and TL have different culture. The writer conclude is the book of Billy the Squid is A short story tell about life under the sea. This book is suitable for readers of ages 8-13, there are frequent page breaks, short, headed chapters and illustrations on almost every page that will invite the imagination of children. The writer recommendation for future writers can take another side of kinds of translation method, such as Literal translation, faithful translation, semantic translation, idiomatic translation and communicative translation

Step forward in Grammar

Навчально-методичний посібник призначено для студентів і аспірантів немовних факультетів університету. У посібнику подано теоретичний та практичний матеріал з граматики англійської мови. Метою посібника є розвиток умінь раціонально опрацьовувати спеціалізовані англомовні тексти. Структура посібника дозволяє обрати оптимальні способи організації роботи для ефективного засвоєння матеріалу та аналітичної обробки інформації

Language development for literacy ; the case of Shiyeyi in Botswana

Since independence, the government of Botswana has practiced an exclusive language policy in which only English has been used in government circles at the exclusion of all the 26 languages represented in the country, with a limited use of the national language, Setswana. However, in recent years more positive statements have been heard in Parliament, opening up to recognize the use of other languages in education and society. These statements have provided a conducive environment for Non-governmental organizations to develop other languages for use in education and out-of-school literacy. This paper focuses on the work of one such organization. It reports on a project this organization is undertaking to revive the language and culture of the Wayeyi people in North Western, and Central Botswana. It gives findings on attitudes towards Shiyeyi as a language of instruction for literacy and shows how the preference expressed for Shiyeyi has great potential for a literacy program

The Latin Leaflet, Number 29

Polymer electrolytes represent the ultimate in terms of desirable properties of energy storage/conversion devices, as they can offer an all-solid-state construction, a wide variety of shapes and sizes, light-weight, low costs, high energy density and safety. Here we present our recent results concerning a novel strategy for preparing efficient polymer membranes which are successfully demonstrated as suitable electrolytes for several energy conversion and storage devices (i.e., Li- and Na-based batteries and DSSCs). Highly ionic conducting polymer electrolytes containing PEO-based functionalities and different components (e.g., Li/Na salts, RTILs, natural biosourced and cellulosic fillers) are successfully prepared via a rapid process and, directly or subsequently, cross-linked via UV irradiation (patent pending, PCT/IT2014/000008). All the prepared materials are thoroughly characterised in terms of their physical, chemical and morphological properties and tested for their electrochemical performances and durability. The UV-curing process on such materials led to the production of elastic and resistant amorphous macromolecular networks. Noticeably increased ionic conductivities are registered (10-3 S cm-1 at RT), along with very stable interfacial and storage stability and wide electrochemical stability windows. The different lab-scale solid-state devices show remarkable performances even at ambient temperature, at the level of those using liquid electrolytes, respect to which demonstrate much greater durability and safety. The obtained findings demonstrate a new, easy and low cost approach to fabricate and tailor-make polymer electrolytes with highly promising prospects for the next generation of advanced flexible energy production and storage devices

NMTPY: A Flexible Toolkit for Advanced Neural Machine Translation Systems

In this paper, we present nmtpy, a flexible Python toolkit based on Theano for training Neural Machine Translation and other neural sequence-to-sequence architectures. nmtpy decouples the specification of a network from the training and inference utilities to simplify the addition of a new architecture and reduce the amount of boilerplate code to be written. nmtpy has been used for LIUM's top-ranked submissions to WMT Multimodal Machine Translation and News Translation tasks in 2016 and 2017.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figure

Re-mystifying the exhibition of medieval sacred objects

Through this study, I identify and ascertain contexts found within the medieval church, specifically focusing on the architectural experience of the Abbey of St.-Denis, and the design characteristics and features of three medieval objects, in order to see how museums can translate the messages of sacred medieval objects. In this work, I use theories of material culture and visual culture studies, museum practices, design observation and analysis to reveal a broader, conceptual way of applying curatorial and exhibition design practices. In addition, I rely heavily on a textual analysis of Abbot Suger's diary about St.-Denis to both provide a context for the artifacts under scrutiny and then to inspire contemporary curatorial and design practices. As objects shift from their place of origin to a museum setting, and then from one institution to another through museum loans and purchases, I posit that exhibit designers and curators must take great care in placement and display of these relics. Reverent and sacred presentation of inspirational and transcendent artifacts requires great sensitivity and scrutiny to translate both authentic context and material meaning for visitors. Of particular import, I show the connections between the medieval and contemporary worlds and the value inherent in the original contexts of objects as a catalyst for exhibition design. In doing so, I shed light to "re-mystify" the rich promise of artifacts to tell important stories in the museum, helping visitors to understand other worlds - and maybe more of their own - through meaningful exchange

Using the vignette methodology as a tool for exploring cultural identity positions : European Association for Research on Learning and Instruction (EARLI) Special Interest Group 21: Learning and Teaching in Culturally Diverse Settings: Moving through cultures of learning

In this paper we will examine how the vignette methodology can aid understanding of cultural identity. Vignettes are typically short stories about a fictional character or fictional scenario appropriate to a particular study. The story places the behaviour of the character in a concrete context and allows the researcher to explore participants? positions and perspectives on the issues arising from the situation. We argue that within a framework of cultural development theory and the dialogical self theory (Hermans, 2001) identity positions can be explained in relation to the sociocultural context. To do so we report on part of wider study about representations of children who work. In particular this paper will focus on language brokering which involves translating or interpreting on behalf of family members who do not speak the host language. Language brokering requires the child to engage in both the cultural contexts of the host culture and the home culture and as such, the child must negotiate new cultural identities. Those interviewed were young people aged between 15-18 years, some of whom were brokers and others who were not. When looking at the language broker vignette scenario these young people often positioned the parents, teachers and friends of the language broker in the scenario in particular ways. Through notions of adequacy and inadequacy, visibility and invisibility, theoretical ideas around cultural identity theory and the dialogical self theory can provide an understanding of how the young people moved through different (often conflicting) identity positions