Government pay and employment policies and government performance in developing economies

The aim of this paper is to offer a systematic examination of government pay and employment trends in developing nations. In section I, the difficulties inherent in analyzing government pay and employment policies are considered. Special attention is given to weaknesses in public expenditure theory and to the non-market character of government output. Section II highlights the problems generated by inappropriate government pay and employment policies. Most attention is given however to how government performance as a provider of goods and services is affected by inappropriate pay offers or the pursuit of independant government employment objectives. Section III presents the available evidence on recent trends in government pay and employment in developing nations. Movements in real government pay, wage compression, public sector employment growth and the wage bill are considered. Section IV offers a brief conclusion.Environmental Economics&Policies,National Governance,Labor Management and Relations,Banks&Banking Reform,Work&Working Conditions

Self-organization in urban development: towards a new perspective on spatial planning

To date, participatory spatial planning has produced disappointing results. We argue that one reason is that time and again participatory planning proposals remain controlled by public government, and that public government seems not to be very adaptive to initiatives that emerge from the dynamics of civil society itself. To find out why and how citizens could and would be motivated to contribute out of their own motivation to urban development, we propose turning the focus outside-in, instead of inside-out. In this article, we therefore introduce the notion of self-organization, referring to initiatives that originate in civil society itself, via autonomous community-based networks of citizens outside government control which participate in developing the ‘urban fabric’ too. We discuss some examples of self-organization and draw preliminary conclusions of the concept’s usefulness for the theory and practice of spatial planning

Spartan Daily, February 21, 1975

Volume 64, Issue 13https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/spartandaily/5946/thumbnail.jp

The propaganda model and sociology : understanding the media and society

This article unpacks reasons why the Propaganda Model represents a critical sociological approach to understanding media and society, explores the model’s potential within the sociological field, and considers the trajectory of its reputational reception to date. The article also introduces the three central hypotheses and five operative principles of the Propaganda Model and suggests that the model complements other (competing) approaches that explore the relationship between ideological and institutional power and discursive phenomena

Spartan Daily, April 28, 1969

Volume 56, Issue 107https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/spartandaily/5192/thumbnail.jp

Incarceration American-Style

In the United States today, incarceration is more than just a mode of criminal punishment. It is a distinct cultural practice with its own aesthetic and technique, a practice that has emerged in recent decades as a catch-all mechanism for managing social ills. In this essay, I argue that this emergent carceral system has become self-generating—that American-style incarceration, through the conditions it inflicts, produces the very conduct society claims to abhor and thereby guarantees a steady supply of offenders whose incarceration the public will continue to demand. I argue, moreover, that this reproductive process works to create a class of permanently marginalized and degraded noncitizens—disproportionately poor people of color—who are marked out by the fact of their incarceration for perpetual social exclusion and ongoing social control. This essay serves as the Foreword to a symposium in the Harvard Law & Policy Review addressing the costs of mass incarceration

The Crescent Student Newspaper, February 28, 1997

Student Newspaper of George Fox University.https://digitalcommons.georgefox.edu/the_crescent/2172/thumbnail.jp

Founding brothers: Leland, buck, and cappon and the formation of the archives profession (session 404)

This session on archives history examines the role of three individuals-Waldo G. Leland (1879-1966), Solon J. Buck (1884-1962), and Lester J. Cappon (1900-1981)-in the formation of the archives profession in the United States in the first three-quarters of the twentieth century. These "founding brothers" published extensively, but they also created and maintained personal manuscript collections that reflect how they viewed themselves and how they wanted to be remembered. Four archivists/historians track through the lenses of the papers of the "founding brothers" the emergence of professional history to the beginnings of public history with their alliance and tension with archival science as a distinct profession

The urban strategic planning in the peripherical regions: the case of Catania (Sicily)

More and more regional development appears as an effect of the role that cities are able to carry out in the territory. This implies reconsidering not only resources which are available to a city but, above all, its ability to organize urban activities and functions. If these considerations have already found careful appraisal in the most developed regions, by means of the renewal of instruments for the strategic planning of cities, it seems still insufficient the use of these new planning instruments in the less developed regions, although their primary role in the processes of local development. In Southern Italy, for instance, the proliferation of financial support from various sources (E.U., National Government and Regional ones), which imposes plans at different scales (the interregional one, the among cities one and the among suburbs one), and the emergence of actors and stakeholders, also within the presence of public order problems and infrastructural deficiencies, constitute a network that bridles and conditions the city activities and functions, on one side, but can also be a set of occasions that - if used - can push the city towards development itineraries, on the other side. With our paper we propose to compare some experiences of strategic planning in the Southern Italy and to analyse the case of Catania (a central city in an Objective 1 region, Sicily), putting in evidence how the new Plans give order to the activities and the functions of the city, trying to achieve one balanced and sustainable development, by means of the recovery of urban identity.