8,247 research outputs found
The link between the diversity of productive models and the variety of capitalisms
Prepared within the framework of the ESEMK project supported by the EU (FP6, Priority 7, CIT-CT-2004-506077 The European Socio-Economic Models of a Knowledge-based society), this paper discusses the linking between the variety of capitalism and the diversity of organisational forms for firms. This linking is illustrated through the case of the car industry. First part presents the works based on the hypothesis of an institutional isomorphism between the macro-level and the organisation. Second part tries to link analytical grids which integrate the diversity of institutional forms at the macro, meso and micro-levels.car industry, institution, institutional isomorphism, organisation of the firm, productive models, sector, variety of capitalism
Bid-Centric Cloud Service Provisioning
Bid-centric service descriptions have the potential to offer a new cloud
service provisioning model that promotes portability, diversity of choice and
differentiation between providers. A bid matching model based on requirements
and capabilities is presented that provides the basis for such an approach. In
order to facilitate the bidding process, tenders should be specified as
abstractly as possible so that the solution space is not needlessly restricted.
To this end, we describe how partial TOSCA service descriptions allow for a
range of diverse solutions to be proposed by multiple providers in response to
tenders. Rather than adopting a lowest common denominator approach, true
portability should allow for the relative strengths and differentiating
features of cloud service providers to be applied to bids. With this in mind,
we describe how TOSCA service descriptions could be augmented with additional
information in order to facilitate heterogeneity in proposed solutions, such as
the use of coprocessors and provider-specific services
Europe’s Electricity Supply Security: Strengthening the Chain. CEPS Policy Brief No. 224/November 2010
Acknowledging that efficient development of electricity transmission infrastructure is crucial to achieving EU targets for a secure, competitive and sustainable electricity supply, this paper explores ways of strengthening the supply chain. Research for the paper was carried out in the context of the SECURE project (Security of Energy Considering its Uncertainties, Risks and Economic Implications), funded by the European Commission under the Seventh Framework Programme. The project develops appropriate tools for evaluating the vulnerability of the EU to the different energy supply risks, and for promoting the optimisation of EU energy insecurity mitigation strategies, including investment, demand side management and dialogue with producing countries
Flexibility services for distribution network operation
On the way towards a low carbon electricity system, flexibility has become one of the main sources for achieving it. Flexibility can be understood as the ability of a power system to cope with the variability and uncertainty of demand and supply. Both the generation-side and the demand-side can provide it. This research is focused on the role of the demand-side flexibility for providing a service to the distribution system operator, who manages the medium and low-voltage network. By activating this flexibility from the demand-side to the distribution network operator, the latter can avoid or mitigate congestions in the network and prevent grid reinforcement. This thesis starts with analyzing the current state of the art in the field of local electricity markets, setting the baseline for flexibility products in power systems. As a result of the previous analysis, the definition of flexibility is developed more specifically, considering the flexible assets to be controlled, the final client using this flexibility and the time horizon for this flexibility provision. Following the previous step, an aggregated flexibility forecast model is developed, considering a flexibility portfolio based on different flexible assets such as electric vehicles, water boilers, and electric space heaters. The signal is then modeled under a system-oriented approach for providing a service to the distribution network operator under the operation timeline on a day-ahead basis. The flexibility required by the distribution network operator is then calculated through an optimization problem, considering the flexibility activation costs and the network power flow constraints. Finally, since this scenario aims to lower the environmental impacts of the power system, its sustainability is assessed with the life-cycle assessment, considering the entire life cycle and evaluating it in terms of greenhouse gas emissions. This approach enhances the analysis of the potential role of flexibility in the power system, quantifying whether, in all cases, there is a reduction of emissions when shifting the consumption from peak hours to non-peak hours.En el camĂ cap a un sistema elèctric amb baixes emissions de carboni, la flexibilitat s'ha convertit en una de les principals fonts per aconseguir-ho. La flexibilitat es pot entendre com la capacitat d'un sistema de reaccionar davant la variabilitat i la incertesa provocades per la demanda i la generaciĂł. Tant la part de la generaciĂł com el costat de la demanda tenen actius per a poder proporcionar-ho. La recerca presentada en aquest manuscrit estĂ enfocada en el paper de la flexibilitat oferta per la demanda, per a proporcionar un servei a l'operador del sistema de distribuciĂł, que gestiona les xarxes de mitja i baixa tensiĂł. GrĂ cies a l'activaciĂł de la flexibilitat de la demanda, l'operador de les xarxes de distribuciĂł pot evitar o mitigar la congestiĂł de la xarxa i evitar-ne les inversions per a reforçar-la, aixĂ com el seu impacte ambiental. Aquesta tesi comença amb l'anĂ lisi de l'estat de l'art en el camp dels mercats d'electricitat locals, establint-ne la lĂnia base per a la definiciĂł dels productes de flexibilitat en els sistemes elèctrics. Com a resultat de l'estudi anterior, la definiciĂł de flexibilitat es desenvolupa mĂ©s especĂficament, considerant els actius flexibles que han de controlar-se, el client final que utilitza aquesta flexibilitat i l'horitzĂł temporal per a aquesta disposiciĂł de flexibilitat. A continuaciĂł es desenvolupa un model de predicciĂł de flexibilitat agregada, considerant una cartera de flexibilitat basada en diferents actius flexibles, com ara vehicles elèctrics, calderes d'aigua i escalfadors elèctrics, gestionats per la figura de l’agregador. El senyal es modela sota un enfocament orientat al sistema per proporcionar un servei a l'operador de la xarxa de distribuciĂł, per un horitzĂł temporal corresponent a l'operaciĂł de la xarxa de mitja i baixa tensiĂł. El resultat Ă©s un model de la flexibilitat que pot oferir l’agregador. Una vegada desenvolupat el model de flexibilitat pel costat de l’agregador, la tesi s’enfoca al cĂ lcul de la flexibilitat requerida per l’operador de la xarxa de distribuciĂł. Això es desenvolupa mitjançant un problema d'optimitzaciĂł, tenint en compte els costos d'activaciĂł de la flexibilitat, la localitzaciĂł dels punts on s’injectarĂ la flexibilitat i les restriccions de flux de potència de la xarxa de distribuciĂł. Finalment, atès que aquest escenari pretĂ©n reduir l'impacte mediambiental del sistema elèctric, la seva sostenibilitat s'avalua considerant tot el cicle de vida de les tecnologies que hi participen, i avaluant-la en termes d'emissions de gasos d'efecte d'hivernacle. L'Ăşs d'aquest enfocament millora l'anĂ lisi del potencial paper de la flexibilitat en el sistema elèctric, quantificant si, en tots els casos, hi ha una reducciĂł de les emissions traslladant el consum de les hores punta a hores vall.Postprint (published version
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