209 research outputs found
The Adler-Weisberger and Goldberger-Miyazawa-Oehme sum rules as probes of constraints from analyticity and chiral symmetry in dynamical models for pion-nucleon scattering
The Adler-Weisberger and Goldberger-Miyazawa-Oehme sum rules are calculated
within a relativistic, unitary and crossing symmetric dynamical model for
pion-nucleon scattering using two different methods: 1) by evaluating the
scattering amplitude at the corresponding low-energy kinematics and 2) by
evaluating the sum-rule integrals with the calculated total cross section. The
discrepancy between the results of the two methods provides a measure of the
breaking of analyticity and chiral symmetry in the model. The contribution of
the resonance, including its dressing with meson loops, is discussed
in some detail and found to be small.Comment: 12 pages, 6 figures, using RevTEX4. References added, discussion
extended, conclusions unchanged. To be published in Nuclear Physics
Rough Set Based Rule Evaluations and Their Applications
Knowledge discovery is an important process in data analysis, data
mining and machine learning. Typically knowledge is presented in the
form of rules. However, knowledge discovery systems often generate a
huge amount of rules. One of the challenges we face is how to
automatically discover interesting and meaningful knowledge from
such discovered rules. It is infeasible for human beings to select
important and interesting rules manually. How to provide a measure
to evaluate the qualities of rules in order to facilitate the
understanding of data mining results becomes our focus. In this
thesis, we present a series of rule evaluation techniques for the
purpose of facilitating the knowledge understanding process. These
evaluation techniques help not only to reduce the number of rules,
but also to extract higher quality rules. Empirical studies on both
artificial data sets and real world data sets demonstrate how such
techniques can contribute to practical systems such as ones for
medical diagnosis and web personalization.
In the first part of this thesis, we discuss several rule evaluation
techniques that are proposed towards rule postprocessing. We show
how properly defined rule templates can be used as a rule evaluation
approach. We propose two rough set based measures, a Rule Importance
Measure, and a Rules-As-Attributes Measure,
%a measure of considering rules as attributes,
to rank the important and interesting rules. In the second part of
this thesis, we show how data preprocessing can help with rule
evaluation. Because well preprocessed data is essential for
important rule generation, we propose a new approach for processing
missing attribute values for enhancing the generated rules. In the
third part of this thesis, a rough set based rule evaluation system
is demonstrated to show the effectiveness of the measures proposed
in this thesis. Furthermore, a new user-centric web personalization
system is used as a case study to demonstrate how the proposed
evaluation measures can be used in an actual application
A comparison between the Pittsburgh and Michigan approaches for the binary PSO algorithm
IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation. Edimburgo, 5 september 2005This paper shows the performance of the binary PSO algorithm as a classification system. These systems are classified in two different perspectives: the Pittsburgh and the Michigan approaches. In order to implement the Michigan approach binary PSO algorithm, the standard PSO dynamic equations are modified, introducing a repulsive force to favor particle competition. A dynamic neighborhood, adapted to classification problems, is also defined. Both classifiers are tested using a reference set of problems, where both classifiers achieve better performance than many classification techniques. The Michigan PSO classifier shows clear advantages over the Pittsburgh one both in terms of success rate and speed. The Michigan PSO can also be generalized to the continuous version of the PSO
In-medium spectral change of omega mesons as a probe of QCD four-quark condensate
Within QCD sum rules at finite baryon density we show the crucial role of
four-quark condensates for the in-medium modification of the omega meson
spectral function. In particular, such a global property as the sign of the
in-medium omega meson mass shift is found to be governed by a parameter which
describes the strength of the density dependence of the four-quark condensate
beyond mean-field approximation. To study self-consistently the broadening of
the omega meson resonance we employ a hadron spectral function based on the
omega meson propagator delivered by an effective chiral Lagrangian.
Measurements of the omega meson spectral change in heavy-ion collisions with
the HADES detector can reveal the yet unknown density dependence of the
four-quark condensate
Probing the strange quark condensate by di-electrons from phi meson decays in heavy-ion collisions at SIS energies
QCD sum rules predict that the change of the strange quark condensate in hadron matter at finite baryon density causes a shift of the peak
position of the di-electron spectra from meson decays. Due to the
expansion of hadron matter in heavy-ion collisions, the peak suffers a
smearing governed by the interval of density in the expanding fireball, which
appears as effective broadening of the di-electron spectrum in the
region. The emerging broadening is sensitive to the in-medium change of . This allows to probe directly in-medium modifications of
via di-electron spectra in heavy-ion collisions at SIS energies with HADES
Forward doubly-virtual Compton scattering off the nucleon in chiral perturbation theory: the subtraction function and moments of unpolarized structure functions
The forward doubly-virtual Compton scattering (VVCS) off the nucleon contains
a wealth of information on nucleon structure, relevant to the calculation of
the two-photon-exchange effects in atomic spectroscopy and electron scattering.
We report on a complete next-to-leading-order (NLO) calculation of low-energy
VVCS in chiral perturbation theory (PT). Here we focus on the unpolarized
VVCS amplitudes and , and the corresponding
structure functions and . Our results are confronted,
where possible, with "data-driven" dispersive evaluations of low-energy
structure quantities, such as nucleon polarizabilities. We find significant
disagreements with dispersive evaluations at very low momentum-transfer ;
for example, in the slope of polarizabilities at zero momentum-transfer. By
expanding the results in powers of the inverse nucleon mass, we reproduce the
known "heavy-baryon" expressions. This serves as a check of our calculation, as
well as demonstrates the differences between the manifestly Lorentz-invariant
(BPT) and heavy-baryon (HBPT) frameworks.Comment: 31 pages, 11 figures, 1 table; supplemented material: 1 Mathematica
notebook; minor modifications, published versio
QCD sum rules for D mesons in dense and hot nuclear matter
Open charm mesons (pseudo-scalar and scalar as well as axial-vector and
vector) propagating or resting in nuclear matter display an enhanced
sensitivity to the chiral condensate. This offers new prospects to seek for
signals of chiral restoration, in particular in p-A and p-bar-A reactions as
envisaged in first-round experiments by the CBM and PANDA collaborations at
FAIR. Weinberg type sum rules for charming chiral partners are presented, and
the distinct in-medium modifications of open-charm mesons are discussed. We
also address the gluon condensates near Tc and their impact on QCD sum rules.Comment: 6 pages, 7 figures, conference proceeding
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