Automatic channel detection using deep learning

Picking 3D channel geobodies in seismic volumes is an important objective in seismic interpretation for hydrocarbon exploration. Manual detection of channel geobodies is a time-consuming and subjective process. The interpreter can calculate different seismic attributes such as coherence to aid for manual detection of channel geobodies in seismic volumes. However, these attributes still do not directly identify 3D channel geobodies. Machine learning and deep learning are data-driven techniques that have been getting more attention recently in different fields, such as medical imaging and computer vision. With large volumes of available data in different types and a development of powerful computational resources, geophysics is a promising field for applying machine learning and deep learning. Many seismic interpretation steps are analogous to different problems in computer vision that have been solved successfully using deep learning. Channel detection in seismic volumes is analogous to segmentation problems for images. Applying deep learning to seismic interpretations, specifically to automatic channel detection in 3D seismic volumes, can make the process faster and the workflow less subjective. Decision-making based on interpretations is uncertain; so uncertainties in interpretation results are very important. Deep learning with different algorithms can also help interpreters quantify this uncertainty.Geological Science

Aeronautical engineering: A continuing bibliography with indexes (supplement 286)

This bibliography lists 845 reports, articles, and other documents introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system in Dec. 1992. Subject coverage includes: design, construction and testing of aircraft and aircraft engines; aircraft components, equipment, and systems; ground support systems; and theoretical and applied aspects of aerodynamics and general fluid dynamics

Experimental Uncertainty Associated with Traveling Wave Excitation

This dissertation research produces the experimental techniques required to evaluate mistuning in any rotor. Within operation, a rotor is subjected to a unique pattern of frequencies acting to excite the rotor. Utilizing traveling wave excitation, a rotor\u27s critical frequencies and the respective excitation pattern are reproduced. Individual rotor blade frequency response functions are evaluated and statistically analyzed. The experimental results serve to not only verify the degree to which a rotor is mistuned, but also to provide an indication of the forced response amplification the mistuning induces. Within the experiment, definitive specifications were developed to ensure peak rotor responses. Numerical simulations of the experiment were performed in ANSYS using a model developed by way of structured light scanning. With experimental and numerical eigenvalue differences of less than 1%, the unique modeling technique, capturing a rotor\u27s geometric mistuning, is a valid method to predict a rotor\u27s natural frequencies. Furthermore these same numerical results serve to validate the experimental free boundary assumption

Aeronautical engineering: A continuing bibliography with indexes (supplement 267)

This bibliography lists 661 reports, articles, and other documents introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system in June, 1991. Subject coverage includes design, construction and testing of aircraft and aircraft engines; aircraft components, equipment and systems; ground support systems; theoretical and applied aspects of aerodynamics and general fluid dynamics; electrical engineering; aircraft control; remote sensing; computer sciences; nuclear physics; and social sciences

Spectral signatures of excess-proton waiting and transfer-path dynamics in aqueous hydrochloric acid solutions

Signatures of solvated excess protons in infrared difference absorption spectra, such as the continuum band between the water bend and stretch bands, have been experimentally known for a long time, but the theoretical basis for linking spectral signatures with the microscopic proton-transfer mechanism so far relied on normal-mode analysis. We analyze the excess-proton dynamics in ab initio molecular-dynamics simulations of aqueous hydrochloric acid solutions by trajectory-decomposition techniques. The continuum band in the 2000 - 3000 cm$^{-1 }$ range is shown to be due to normal-mode oscillations of temporary H$_3$O$^+$ complexes. An additional prominent peak at 400 cm$^{-1}$ reports on the coupling of excess-proton motion to the relative vibrations of the two flanking water molecules. The actual proton transfer between two water molecules, which for large water separations involves crossing of a barrier and thus is not a normal mode, is characterized by two characteristic time scales: Firstly, the waiting time for transfer to occur in the range of 200 - 300 fs, which leads to a broad weak shoulder around ~100 cm$^{-1}$, consistent with our experimental THz spectra. Secondly, the mean duration of a transfer event of about 14 fs, which produces a rather well-defined spectral contribution around 1200 cm$^{-1}$ and agrees in location and width with previous experimental mid-infrared spectra

Aeronautical engineering: A cumulative index to a continuing bibliography (supplement 274)

This publication is a cumulative index to the abstracts contained in supplements 262 through 273 of Aeronautical Engineering: A Continuing Bibliography. The bibliographic series is compiled through the cooperative efforts of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA) and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Seven indexes are included: subject, personal author, corporate source, foreign technology, contract number, report number, and accession number

Advanced Techniques for Ground Penetrating Radar Imaging

Ground penetrating radar (GPR) has become one of the key technologies in subsurface sensing and, in general, in non-destructive testing (NDT), since it is able to detect both metallic and nonmetallic targets. GPR for NDT has been successfully introduced in a wide range of sectors, such as mining and geology, glaciology, civil engineering and civil works, archaeology, and security and defense. In recent decades, improvements in georeferencing and positioning systems have enabled the introduction of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) techniques in GPR systems, yielding GPR–SAR systems capable of providing high-resolution microwave images. In parallel, the radiofrequency front-end of GPR systems has been optimized in terms of compactness (e.g., smaller Tx/Rx antennas) and cost. These advances, combined with improvements in autonomous platforms, such as unmanned terrestrial and aerial vehicles, have fostered new fields of application for GPR, where fast and reliable detection capabilities are demanded. In addition, processing techniques have been improved, taking advantage of the research conducted in related fields like inverse scattering and imaging. As a result, novel and robust algorithms have been developed for clutter reduction, automatic target recognition, and efficient processing of large sets of measurements to enable real-time imaging, among others. This Special Issue provides an overview of the state of the art in GPR imaging, focusing on the latest advances from both hardware and software perspectives

Space station systems: A bibliography with indexes (supplement 9)

This bibliography lists 1,313 reports, articles, and other documents introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system between January 1, 1989 and June 30, 1989. Its purpose is to provide helpful information to researchers, designers and managers engaged in Space Station technology development and mission design. Coverage includes documents that define major systems and subsystems related to structures and dynamic control, electronics and power supplies, propulsion, and payload integration. In addition, orbital construction methods, servicing and support requirements, procedures and operations, and missions for the current and future Space Station are included

Abstracts on Radio Direction Finding (1899 - 1995)

The files on this record represent the various databases that originally composed the CD-ROM issue of "Abstracts on Radio Direction Finding" database, which is now part of the Dudley Knox Library's Abstracts and Selected Full Text Documents on Radio Direction Finding (1899 - 1995) Collection. (See Calhoun record https://calhoun.nps.edu/handle/10945/57364 for further information on this collection and the bibliography). Due to issues of technological obsolescence preventing current and future audiences from accessing the bibliography, DKL exported and converted into the three files on this record the various databases contained in the CD-ROM. The contents of these files are: 1) RDFA_CompleteBibliography_xls.zip [RDFA_CompleteBibliography.xls: Metadata for the complete bibliography, in Excel 97-2003 Workbook format; RDFA_Glossary.xls: Glossary of terms, in Excel 97-2003 Workbookformat; RDFA_Biographies.xls: Biographies of leading figures, in Excel 97-2003 Workbook format]; 2) RDFA_CompleteBibliography_csv.zip [RDFA_CompleteBibliography.TXT: Metadata for the complete bibliography, in CSV format; RDFA_Glossary.TXT: Glossary of terms, in CSV format; RDFA_Biographies.TXT: Biographies of leading figures, in CSV format]; 3) RDFA_CompleteBibliography.pdf: A human readable display of the bibliographic data, as a means of double-checking any possible deviations due to conversion