Review of modern methods of five-axis machining on CNC milling machines of complex parts such as blisk from monolithic billet

В настоящее время детали машин становятся все более сложными и точными. В этих условиях применение многоосевых станков с ЧПУ является действенным решением поставленных задач, так как различные компоновки этих станков позволяют обрабатывать детали разной серийности, габаритов и конфигураций. В работе представлена классификация деталей, требующих пятиосевой обработки. Рассмотрены особенности и резервы повышения эффективности пятиосевой обработки выделенных типов деталей. Отдельно рассмотрены методы повышения эффективности пятиосевой обработки деталей сложных форм (типа турбинных лопаток, крыльчаток и др.) на всех этапах обработки (черновая обработка; получистовая обработка; чистовая обработка). Выделены моменты, которым следует уделять особое внимание при пятиосевой обработке деталей сложных форм типа моноколесо из монолитной заготовки.At the present time, the parts of the machines are becoming more complex and precise. This requires the development of new machining technologies. In these conditions, multi-axis CNC machining is one of those technologies. Various configurations of five-axis machines allow processing parts of different series, dimensions and configurations. In spite of the 20-year history of development, this approach still requires increasing efficiency in implementation to modern tasks. This article presents classification of the parts requiring five-axis machining. Three types of parts are identified: prismatic parts; molds, stamps; parts of complex forms. Each of the types of parts requires different approaches to processing, different methods for improving efficiency. The features of processing of parts of complex forms such as blisk are considered separately. In this article methods of increasing the efficiency of five-axis machining of complex parts (such as turbine blades, impellers, etc.) at all stages of processing (roughing, semi-finished processing, finishing) are considered

Metal additive manufacturing in the commercial aviation industry: A review

The applications of Additive Manufacturing (AM) have been grown up rapidly in various industries in the past few decades. Among them, aerospace has been attracted more attention due to heavy investment of the principal aviation companies for developing the AM industrial applications. However, many studies have been going on to make it more versatile and safer technology and require making development in novel materials, technologies, process design, and cost efficiency. As a matter of fact, AM has a great potential to make a revolution in the global parts manufacturing and distribution while offering less complexity, lower cost, and energy consumption, and very highly customization. The current paper aims to review the last updates on AM technologies, material issues, post-processes, and design aspects, particularly in the aviation industry. Moreover, the AM process is investigated economically including various cost models, spare part digitalization and environmental consequences. This review would be helpfully applied in both academia and industry as well

Small Engine Component Technology (SECT)

A study of small gas turbine engines was conducted to identify high payoff technologies for year-2000 engines and to define companion technology plans. The study addressed engines in the 186 to 746 KW (250 to 1000 shp) or equivalent thrust range for rotorcraft, commuter (turboprop), cruise missile (turbojet), and APU applications. The results show that aggressive advancement of high payoff technologies can produce significant benefits, including reduced SFC, weight, and cost for year-2000 engines. Mission studies for these engines show potential fuel burn reductions of 22 to 71 percent. These engine benefits translate into reductions in rotorcraft and commuter aircraft direct operating costs (DOC) of 7 to 11 percent, and in APU-related DOCs of 37 to 47 percent. The study further shows that cruise missile range can be increased by as much as 200 percent (320 percent with slurry fuels) for a year-2000 missile-turbojet system compared to a current rocket-powered system. The high payoff technologies were identified and the benefits quantified. Based on this, technology plans were defined for each of the four engine applications as recommended guidelines for further NASA research and technology efforts to establish technological readiness for the year 2000

Research and Technology 2004

This report selectively summarizes NASA Glenn Research Center's research and technology accomplishments for fiscal year 2004. It comprises 133 short articles submitted by the staff scientists and engineers. The report is organized into three major sections: Programs and Projects, Research and Technology, and Engineering and Technical Services. A table of contents and an author index have been developed to assist readers in finding articles of special interest. This report is not intended to be a comprehensive summary of all the research and technology work done over the past fiscal year. Most of the work is reported in Glenn-published technical reports, journal articles, and presentations prepared by Glenn staff and contractors. In addition, university grants have enabled faculty members and graduate students to engage in sponsored research that is reported at technical meetings or in journal articles. For each article in this report, a Glenn contact person has been identified, and where possible, a reference document is listed so that additional information can be easily obtained. The diversity of topics attests to the breadth of research and technology being pursued and to the skill mix of the staff that makes it possible. For more information, visit Glenn's Web site at http://www.nasa.gov/glenn/. This document is available online (http://www.grc.nasa.gov/WWW/RT/). For publicly available reports, visit the Glenn Technical Report Server (http://gltrs.grc.nasa.gov)