16,664 research outputs found
Análisis de la relevancia de las revistas latinoamericanas a través de un factor de impacto renormalizado
In this work we use a renormalized impact factor to analyze the time evolution of Latin American scientific journals from 1991 to 2000. Our analysis shows oscillant behavior in journals’ relevance in the international context in the last years.<br><br>En este trabajo usamos el factor de impacto renormalizado para obtener la evolución temporal de un indicador de relevancia de las revistas cientÃficas latinoamericanas en el periodo de 1991 a 2000. Nuestro análisis muestra un comportamiento oscilante en la relevancia en el contexto internacional en los últimos años
matrix elements of the chromomagnetic operator on the lattice
We present the results of the first lattice QCD calculation of the matrix elements of the chromomagnetic operator , which appears in the effective Hamiltonian
describing transitions in and beyond the Standard Model. Having
dimension 5, the chromomagnetic operator is characterized by a rich pattern of
mixing with operators of equal and lower dimensionality. The multiplicative
renormalization factor as well as the mixing coefficients with the operators of
equal dimension have been computed at one loop in perturbation theory. The
power divergent coefficients controlling the mixing with operators of lower
dimension have been determined non-perturbatively, by imposing suitable
subtraction conditions. The numerical simulations have been carried out using
the gauge field configurations produced by the European Twisted Mass
Collaboration with dynamical quarks at three values of the
lattice spacing. Our result for the B-parameter of the chromomagnetic operator
at the physical pion and kaon point is , while
in the SU(3) chiral limit we obtain . Our findings are
significantly smaller than the model-dependent estimate ,
currently used in phenomenological analyses, and improve the uncertainty on
this important phenomenological quantity.Comment: 20 pages, 4 figures, 2 table. Refined SU(3) ChPT analysis with no
changes in the final result. Version to appear in PR
On the Soft Limit of the Large Scale Structure Power Spectrum: UV Dependence
We derive a non-perturbative equation for the large scale structure power
spectrum of long-wavelength modes. Thereby, we use an operator product
expansion together with relations between the three-point function and power
spectrum in the soft limit. The resulting equation encodes the coupling to
ultraviolet (UV) modes in two time-dependent coefficients, which may be
obtained from response functions to (anisotropic) parameters, such as spatial
curvature, in a modified cosmology. We argue that both depend weakly on
fluctuations deep in the UV. As a byproduct, this implies that the renormalized
leading order coefficient(s) in the effective field theory (EFT) of large scale
structures receive most of their contribution from modes close to the
non-linear scale. Consequently, the UV dependence found in explicit
computations within standard perturbation theory stems mostly from
counter-term(s). We confront a simplified version of our non-perturbative
equation against existent numerical simulations, and find good agreement within
the expected uncertainties. Our approach can in principle be used to precisely
infer the relevance of the leading order EFT coefficient(s) using small volume
simulations in an `anisotropic separate universe' framework. Our results
suggest that the importance of these coefficient(s) is a effect,
and plausibly smaller.Comment: 25+5 pages, 10 figures, comments added, matches published versio
Higgs inflation and the cosmological constant
The Higgs not only induces the masses of all SM particles, the Higgs, given
its special mass value, is the natural candidate for the inflaton and in fact
is ruling the evolution of the early universe, by providing the necessary dark
energy which remains the dominant energy density. SM running couplings not only
allow us to extrapolate SM physics up to the Planck scale, but equally
important they are triggering the Higgs mechanism. This is possible by the fact
that the bare mass term in the Higgs potential changes sign at about mu_0 =
1.4x10^16 GeV and in the symmetric phase is enhanced by quadratic terms in the
Planck mass. Such a huge Higgs mass term is able to play a key role in
triggering inflation in the early universe. In this article we extend our
previous investigation by working out the details of a Higgs inflation
scenario. We show how different terms contributing to the Higgs Lagrangian are
affecting inflation. Given the SM and its extrapolation to scales mu>mu_0 we
find a calculable cosmological constant V(0) which is weakly scale dependent
and actually remains large during inflation. This is different to the Higgs
fluctuation field dependent Delta V(phi), which decays exponentially during
inflation, and actually would not provide a sufficient amount of inflation. The
fluctuation field has a different effective mass which shifts the bare Higgs
transition point to a lower value mu'_0 = 7.7x10^14 GeV. The vacuum energy V(0)
being proportional to M_Pl^4 has a coefficient which vanishes near the Higgs
transition point, such that the bare and the renormalized cosmological constant
match at this point. The role of the Higgs in reheating and baryogenesis is
emphasized.Comment: 39 pages, 25 figures, 1 table. Replacement: typos corrected, Eq (3)
corrected, notation adjuste
Formalism for inclusion of measured reaction cross sections in stellar rates including uncertainties and its application to neutron capture in the s-process
A general formalism to include experimental reaction cross sections into
calculations of stellar rates is presented. It also allows to assess the
maximally possible reduction of uncertainties in the stellar rates by
experiments. As an example for the application of the procedure, stellar
neutron capture reactivities from KADoNiS v0.3 are revised and the remaining
uncertainties shown. Many of the uncertainties in the stellar rates are larger
than those obtained experimentally. This has important consequences for
s-process models and the interpretation of meteoritic data because it allows
the rates of some reactions to vary within a larger range than previously
assumed.Comment: 11 pages, 1 figure, 1 table; v1: version accepted for publication in
Ap. J. Lett; v2: small typo fixed, updated references, as published; v3: PDF
includes erratum published in Ap. J. Lett., 4 more pages, 1 additional
figure. 1 additional table; v4: fixed typos and citations; ASCII datafiles of
full tables from original paper and erratum available at
http://download.nucastro.org/astro/exp2stellar
A new analysis of 14O beta decay: branching ratios and CVC consistency
The ground-state Gamow-Teller transition in the decay of 14O is strongly
hindered and the electron spectrum deviates markedly from the allowed shape. A
reanalysis of the only available data on this spectrum changes the branching
ratio assigned to this transition by seven standard deviations: our new result
is (0.54 \pm 0.02)%. The Kurie plot data from two earlier publications are also
examined and a revision to their published branching ratios is recommended. The
required nuclear matrix elements are calculated with the shell model and, for
the first time, consistency is obtained between the M1 matrix element deduced
from the analog gamma transition in 14N and that deduced from the slope of the
shape-correction function in the beta transition, a requirement of the
conserved vector current hypothesis. This consistency is only obtained,
however, if renormalized rather than free-nucleon operators are used in the
shell-model calculations. In the mirror decay of 14C a similar situation
occurs. Consistency between the 14C lifetime, the slope of the shape-correction
function and the M1 matrix element from gamma decay can only be achieved with
renormalized operators in the shell-model calculation.Comment: 9 pages; revtex4; one figur
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