Renormalization group-like proof of the universality of the Tutte polynomial for matroids

In this paper we give a new proof of the universality of the Tutte polynomial for matroids. This proof uses appropriate characters of Hopf algebra of matroids, algebra introduced by Schmitt (1994). We show that these Hopf algebra characters are solutions of some differential equations which are of the same type as the differential equations used to describe the renormalization group flow in quantum field theory. This approach allows us to also prove, in a different way, a matroid Tutte polynomial convolution formula published by Kook, Reiner and Stanton (1999). This FPSAC contribution is an extended abstract.Comment: 12 pages, 3 figures, conference proceedings, 25th International Conference on Formal Power Series and Algebraic Combinatorics, Paris, France, June 201

Renormalization group-like proof of the universality of the Tutte polynomial for matroids

In this paper we give a new proof of the universality of the Tutte polynomial for matroids. This proof uses appropriate characters of Hopf algebra of matroids, algebra introduced by Schmitt (1994). We show that these Hopf algebra characters are solutions of some differential equations which are of the same type as the differential equations used to describe the renormalization group flow in quantum field theory. This approach allows us to also prove, in a different way, a matroid Tutte polynomial convolution formula published by Kook, Reiner and Stanton (1999). This FPSAC contribution is an extended abstract

Recipe theorem for the Tutte polynomial for matroids, renormalization group-like approach

Using a quantum field theory renormalization group-like differential equation, we give a new proof of the recipe theorem for the Tutte polynomial for matroids. The solution of such an equation is in fact given by some appropriate characters of the Hopf algebra of isomorphic classes of matroids, characters which are then related to the Tutte polynomial for matroids. This Hopf algebraic approach also allows to prove, in a new way, a matroid Tutte polynomial convolution formula appearing in W. Kook {\it et. al., J. Comb. Series} {\bf B 76} (1999).Comment: 14 pages, 3 figure

Wilsonian renormalization, differential equations and Hopf algebras

In this paper, we present an algebraic formalism inspired by Butcher's B-series in numerical analysis and the Connes-Kreimer approach to perturbative renormalization. We first define power series of non linear operators and propose several applications, among which the perturbative solution of a fixed point equation using the non linear geometric series. Then, following Polchinski, we show how perturbative renormalization works for a non linear perturbation of a linear differential equation that governs the flow of effective actions. Then, we define a general Hopf algebra of Feynman diagrams adapted to iterations of background field effective action computations. As a simple combinatorial illustration, we show how these techniques can be used to recover the universality of the Tutte polynomial and its relation to the $q$-state Potts model. As a more sophisticated example, we use ordered diagrams with decorations and external structures to solve the Polchinski's exact renormalization group equation. Finally, we work out an analogous construction for the Schwinger-Dyson equations, which yields a bijection between planar $\phi^{3}$ diagrams and a certain class of decorated rooted trees.Comment: 42 pages, 26 figures in PDF format, extended version of a talk given at the conference "Combinatorics and physics" held at Max Planck Institut fuer Mathematik in Bonn in march 2007, some misprints correcte

Recipe theorems for polynomial invariants on ribbon graphs with half-edges

We provide recipe theorems for the Bollob\`as and Riordan polynomial $\mathcal{R}$ defined on classes of ribbon graphs with half-edges introduced in arXiv:1310.3708[math.GT]. We also define a generalized transition polynomial $Q$ on this new category of ribbon graphs and establish a relationship between $Q$ and $\mathcal{R}$.Comment: 24 pages, 14 figure

Generalization of the Bollob\'as-Riordan polynomial for tensor graphs

Tensor models are used nowadays for implementing a fundamental theory of quantum gravity. We define here a polynomial $\mathcal T$ encoding the supplementary topological information. This polynomial is a natural generalization of the Bollob\'as-Riordan polynomial (used to characterize matrix graphs) and is different of the Gur\uau polynomial, (R. Gur\uau, "Topological Graph Polynomials in Colored Group Field Theory", Annales Henri Poincare {\bf 11}, 565-584 (2010)) defined for a particular class of tensor graphs, the colorable ones. The polynomial $\mathcal T$ is defined for both colorable and non-colorable graphs and it is proved to satisfy the contraction/deletion relation. A non-trivial example of a non-colorable graphs is analyzed.Comment: 22 pages, 20 figure

Universal Tutte characters via combinatorial coalgebras

The Tutte polynomial is the most general invariant of matroids and graphs that can be computed recursively by deleting and contracting edges. We generalize this invariant to any class of combinatorial objects with deletion and contraction operations, associating to each such class a universal Tutte character by a functorial procedure. We show that these invariants satisfy a universal property and convolution formulae similar to the Tutte polynomial. With this machinery we recover classical invariants for delta-matroids, matroid perspectives, relative and colored matroids, generalized permutohedra, and arithmetic matroids, and produce some new convolution formulae. Our principal tools are combinatorial coalgebras and their convolution algebras. Our results generalize in an intrinsic way the recent results of Krajewski--Moffatt--Tanasa.Comment: Accepted version, 51p

Hopf algebras and Tutte polynomials

By considering Tutte polynomials of Hopf algebras, we show how a Tutte polynomial can be canonically associated with combinatorial objects that have some notions of deletion and contraction. We show that several graph polynomials from the literature arise from this framework. These polynomials include the classical Tutte polynomial of graphs and matroids, Las Vergnas' Tutte polynomial of the morphism of matroids and his Tutte polynomial for embedded graphs, Bollobas and Riordan's ribbon graph polynomial, the Krushkal polynomial, and the Penrose polynomial. We show that our Tutte polynomials of Hopf algebras share common properties with the classical Tutte polynomial, including deletion-contraction definitions, universality properties, convolution formulas, and duality relations. New results for graph polynomials from the literature are then obtained as examples of the general results. Our results offer a framework for the study of the Tutte polynomial and its analogues in other settings, offering the means to determine the properties and connections between a wide class of polynomial invariants.Comment: v2: change of title and some reorderin