SS-FD: Internet of medical things based patient health monitoring system

Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) consists of connected devices used to collect patient health information in a real-time environment. The IoMT device effectively handles medical issues by using health wearable and medical-grade wearables. Although IoMT can process the collected data, it has few pitfalls, such as interoperability of data, standardization issues, and computation complexity while detecting disease. By considering these issues, in this work, IoMT is utilized in the field of the remote patient monitoring system. Initially, the IoMT devices are placed on the human body and collect their health information continuously. The gathered details are processed using a salp swarm optimized fuzzy deep neural network (SS-FD). This system supports the patient health monitoring process with minimum low-cost consumption. The SS-FD classifier processes the obtained data; primary and emergency data is classified according to the fuzzy rule. This process improves the remote patient health data analysis and reduces the difficulties involved in the patient health analysis. Then the efficiency of the system is evaluated using experimental result

Integration of data from remote monitoring systems and programmers into the hospital electronic health record system based on international standards

Remote follow-up of implanted ICDs may offer a solution to the problem of overcrowded outpatient clinics. All major device companies have developed a remote follow-up solution. Data obtained from the remote follow-up systems are stored in a central database system, operated and owned by the device company and accessible for the physician or technician. However, the problem now arises that part of the patient’s clinical information is stored in the local electronic health record (EHR) system in the hospital, while another part is only available in the remote monitoring database. This may potentially result in patient safety issues. Ideally all information should become available in the EHR system. IHE (Integrating the Healthcare Enterprise) is an initiative to improve the way computer systems in healthcare share information. To address the requirement of integrating remote monitoring data in the local EHR, the IHE Implantable Device Cardiac Observation (IDCO) profile has been developed. In our hospital, we have implemented the IHE IDCO profile to import data from the remote databases from two device vendors into the departmental Cardiology Information System. Data are exchanged via an HL7/XML communication protocol, as defined in the IHE IDCO profile

Remote Patient Monitoring System Using WLAN-Enabled Mobile Phones in Tikrit Educational Hospital

This study aims to provide an applicable simulation on implementing a Remote Patients Monitoring System Via WLAN to improve the existed system in the Educational Hospital of Tikrit, Iraq, and gives the hospital staff the ability to access the vital information of the patients who are in emergency cases through the internet by using WLAN-enabled mobiles. In this study, the process of patient diagnosis will be shown in order to enable remote access of the data stored and updated in the Medical Monitoring Center under critical environments which surrounding the territory of the city. In addition to that, there will be a justification of choosing WLAN among the other technologies

Telemedicine System Using Voice Video And Data Encapsulation And De-encapsulation For Communicating Medical Information Between Central Monitoring Stations And Remote Patient Monitoring Stations

The present invention provides a packet-based telemedicine system for communicating video, voice and medical data between a central monitoring station and a patient monitoring station which is remotely-located with respect to the central monitoring station. The patient monitoring station obtains digital video, voice and medical measurement data from a patient and encapsulates the data in packets and sends the packets over a network to the central monitoring station. Since the information is encapsulated in packets, the information can be sent over multiple types or combinations of network architectures, including a Community access Television (CATV) network, the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN), the Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN), the Internet, a local area network (LAN), a wide are network (WAN), over a wireless communications network, or over an asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) network. Thus, a separate transmission protocol is not required for each different type of transmission media. Rather, a single transport/network layer protocol is used for encapsulating the information in packets at the sending end and for de-encapsulating the information at the receiving end. Furthermore, by sending the information in packets, the video, voice and measurement data can be integrated and sent over a single network.Georgia Tech Research Corporatio

Mobile Health Monitoring

Chronic diseases impose heavy burden and costs on the health industry in many countries. Suitable health procedures, management, and prevention of disease by continuous monitoring through modern technologies can lead to a decrease in health costs and improve people empowerment. Applying remote medical diagnosis and monitoring system based on mobile health systems can help significantly reduce health care costs and correct performance management particularly in chronic disease management. In this chapter, mHealth opportunities in patient monitoring with the introduction of various systems specifically in chronic disease are expressed. Also mHealth challenges in patient monitoring in general and specific aspects are identified. Some of the general challenges include threats to confidentiality and privacy, and lack of information communication technology (ICT), and mobile infrastructure. In specific aspect, some difficulties include lack of system interoperability with electronic health records and other IT tools, decrease in face-to-face communication between doctor and patient, ill-functioning of system that leads to medical errors and negative effects on care outcomes, patients, and personnel, and factors related to the telecommunication industry include reliability and sudden interruptions of telecommunication networks

The Use of Remote Monitoring for Internal Cardioverter Defibrillators (ICDS): The Infusion of Information Technology and Medicine

The clinical use of automated implantable cardioverter defibrillators (AICDs) has been rapidly increasing since the results of several randomized trials confirmed the efficacy of AICDs in the secondary and primary prevention of sudden cardiac death. Patients with AICDs require high-quality care and intense follow-up to ensure safe and effective device performance. According to international guidelines these patients should be followed at 1- to 4 month intervals, depending on the device model and the patient’s clinical status (Schoenfeld, 2004). Given the expanding indications for use and the complexity of these devices, there is an urgent need to develop new means of ICD follow-up, so as to optimize patient safety and the use of healthcare resources. An internet-based remote-monitoring system could provide a practical substitute to time-consuming and expensive in-office visits. Although the initial experience with these systems has been favorable, many practical issues remain. In particular, more information is required on the usability and safety of remote monitoring for patient-initiated transmissions and cost effectiveness of the system as a substitute for routine in-office visits during long-term follow-up

Barriers to Remote Health Interventions for Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Proposed Classification Scheme

BACKGROUND: Diabetes self-management involves adherence to healthy daily habits typically involving blood glucose monitoring, medication, exercise, and diet. To support self-management, some providers have begun testing remote interventions for monitoring and assisting patients between clinic visits. Although some studies have shown success, there are barriers to widespread adoption. OBJECTIVE: The objective of our study was to identify and classify barriers to adoption of remote health for management of type 2 diabetes. METHODS: The following 6 electronic databases were searched for articles published from 2010 to 2015: MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), CINAHL, Cochrane Central, Northern Light Life Sciences Conference Abstracts, and Scopus (Elsevier). The search identified studies involving remote technologies for type 2 diabetes self-management. Reviewers worked in teams of 2 to review and extract data from identified papers. Information collected included study characteristics, outcomes, dropout rates, technologies used, and barriers identified. RESULTS: A total of 53 publications on 41 studies met the specified criteria. Lack of data accuracy due to input bias (32%, 13/41), limitations on scalability (24%, 10/41), and technology illiteracy (24%, 10/41) were the most commonly cited barriers. Technology illiteracy was most prominent in low-income populations, whereas limitations on scalability were more prominent in mid-income populations. Barriers identified were applied to a conceptual model of successful remote health, which includes patient engagement, patient technology accessibility, quality of care, system technology cost, and provider productivity. In total, 40.5% (60/148) of identified barrier instances impeded patient engagement, which is manifest in the large dropout rates cited (up to 57%). CONCLUSIONS: The barriers identified represent major challenges in the design of remote health interventions for diabetes. Breakthrough technologies and systems are needed to alleviate the barriers identified so far, particularly those associated with patient engagement. Monitoring devices that provide objective and reliable data streams on medication, exercise, diet, and glucose monitoring will be essential for widespread effectiveness. Additional work is needed to understand root causes of high dropout rates, and new interventions are needed to identify and assist those at the greatest risk of dropout. Finally, future studies must quantify costs and benefits to determine financial sustainability

Home Monitoring for Implantable Devices: New Technology & New Service

The use and need for follow-up of cardiac electronic implantable devices, such as pacemakers and implantable defibrillators, is constantly increasing, and constitutes an ever-growing burden and cost in clinical practice and the health system in general. Telemedicine or remote, wireless home monitoring (HM) has recently come to aid in this situation and reliably retrieve information on the patient`s and device`s status and transmit it to the implanting center and physician. It thus offers considerable convenience and assurance to both patient and physician. To date this technology of remote monitoring allows continuous and episode related arrhythmia monitoring as well as continuous monitoring of the status of the implanted system (battery status, lead impedance). Preliminary data from ongoing large multicenter studies are promising and relate to the diagnostic power of telemetrically transmitted data, necessity for patient follow up, the influence of HM on the optimisation of device and medical therapy, and the impact of HM on cost- effectiveness in device therapy

Remote Screening And Self-Monitoring For Vision Loss Diseases Based On Smartphone Applications

Remote Healthcare Monitoring System (RHMS) represents remote observing of patient’s well-being and providing therapeutic services. Sensors play an essential part in RHMs. They measure the physical parameters and give continuous information to health organizations, doctors. The presence of Smartphones and other portable devices have allowed us to utilize remote healthcare monitoring system for an assortment of structures. Also, Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) advances considered as one of the critical research factor healthcare application for enhancing the standard of living. In this dissertation, I have presented three tiers operating in the remote healthcare monitoring system; the Body Area Network (BAN), the PAN Coordinator and the Back- Medical End System (BMEsys). The three tiers focused on several patients PAN coordinators include the Wireless Sensor Network. The Wireless Sensor Network can be used at the fixed tale-monitor location and periodic measurements. The Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) can be used in patients own home or community setting with continuous measurements and smartphones can be utilized anywhere with full range parameters, and I have provided a meaningful utilization comparison between Wireless Sensor Network, PDA and smartphone in Remote Healthcare Monitoring System (HRMs) architecture design. Evaluate the approaches of the healthcare monitoring system architecture and investigate the use of advanced technologies enabling the patient vital signs and diagnostic medical team in real-time. This dissertation demonstrates that how a Smartphone can be used for medical treatment in the field of Ophthalmology and discussed how a Smartphone and its technology could be used to diagnose loss of eye vision. Most recent smartphones have been equipped with a featured camera with high megapixels and advanced sensors which can be used to record fundus photographs through a slit lamp or record videos from an operating microscope and display images from optical coherence tomography systems and other high-tech devices. The ophthalmologists can share these images and analyze with their colleagues utilizing media sharing applications and make the optimal diagnostic and therapeutic results to diagnose the low vision of patients. At present, three widely used pocket-sized adapters can improve the magnification and lighting of the camera, which enables the smartphones to capture high-quality images of the eye. These are Portable Eye Examination Kit (PEEK), EyeGo, and D-Eye. Peek Adapter consists of a smartphone application and retina adapter which can be clipped onto the device and synchronized with the peek application for sharing and analyzing the images. This adapter can be used by anyone and anywhere in the world to examine eyes. EyeGo is an adapter intended to allow ophthalmologists and healthcare specialists to capture high-quality images of the eye using an ophthalmic lens. D-Eye Adapter is one of the extensively used adapters which yield excellent results. It consists of a portable eye and retinal system that fits onto a smartphone creating a retinal camera for evaluation and screening of the eye. It uses LED lights as a light source and requires no extra power, making it an ideal solution for portable diagnostics. The medical field has widely accepted these adaptors with the smartphones for diagnosing low vision and eye-related infections. In this dissertation, I also provide a meaningful utilization comparison between the smartphone adapters: D-Eye, EyeGo and Portable Eye Examination Kit (PEEK). In this dissertation, I have developed a new App (Remote Healthcare-Monitoring Mobile App) to help patients who have low vision and who are suffering from the diseases which may cause a vision loss. This app is capable of a process, evaluate, interact and store health data which is continuously measured by (Personal Health Monitors). This App can exchange the information directly to the Smartphone users (patients) and the doctor who allows more security and privacy. The idea of the App consists of the following: A Smartphone Application, a Data Collection Center, and Professionals in Ophthalmology. The patient should be registered in the system, for example, (Retina Michigan Center or Glaucoma Michigan Center). After registration, the patient is instructed on how to take photos of his/her eyes correctly, and then use the Smartphone application. The patient takes photos of his/her eyes and sends them to the data collection center, the specialists get access to these data and help in the treatment according to the analysis. Finally, I completed the development of the Mobile app (including the Skype and Viber links), which can help in exchanging the information between the patient and the doctor

Heart Rate Monitoring and Alert System Using Smartphone

Heart disease like arrhythmia need continual long-term monitoring. For example, in emergency at home, where the patient is unable help themselves or seek help, there is a need for long distance health monitoring for early and faster assessment for treatment. This project presents a remote monitoring system for monitoring the irregularity in heart rate, which enables real-time monitoring for the cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) patient. The system utilizes Photoplethysmography (PPG) sensor to obtain the pulse reading. The sensor is non-invasive where pulse reading is taken from the finger. The microcontroller is used to receive and process the signal. When irregularity in heart rate is detected, the microcontroller will send data to a smartphone using Bluetooth. A mobile application is developed to receive the data and to send out an alert in the form of a text message to another mobile phone. The alert is successfully sent to the specified recipient such as medical doctors or next of kin in the emergency which contain the details such as heart rate information and GPS coordinate. Evaluation on the functionality of the device shows that the developed device can reach accuracy of 97.50%, precision of 96.55%, sensitivity of 99.29% and specificity of 91.67%