28 research outputs found
Torque Control
This book is the result of inspirations and contributions from many researchers, a collection of 9 works, which are, in majority, focalised around the Direct Torque Control and may be comprised of three sections: different techniques for the control of asynchronous motors and double feed or double star induction machines, oriented approach of recent developments relating to the control of the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors, and special controller design and torque control of switched reluctance machine
Critical Aspects of Electric Motor Drive Controllers and Mitigation of Torque Ripple - Review
Electric vehicles (EVs) are playing a vital role in sustainable transportation. It is estimated that by 2030, Battery EVs will become mainstream for passenger car transportation. Even though EVs are gaining interest in sustainable transportation, the future of EV power transmission is facing vital concerns and open research challenges. Considering the case of torque ripple mitigation and improved reliability control techniques in motors, many motor drive control algorithms fail to provide efficient control. To efficiently address this issue, control techniques such as Field Orientation Control (FOC), Direct Torque Control (DTC), Model Predictive Control (MPC), Sliding Mode Control (SMC), and Intelligent Control (IC) techniques are used in the motor drive control algorithms. This literature survey exclusively compares the various advanced control techniques for conventionally used EV motors such as Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM), Brushless Direct Current Motor (BLDC), Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM), and Induction Motors (IM). Furthermore, this paper discusses the EV-motors history, types of EVmotors, EV-motor drives powertrain mathematical modelling, and design procedure of EV-motors. The hardware results have also been compared with different control techniques for BLDC and SRM hub motors. Future direction towards the design of EV by critical selection of motors and their control techniques to minimize the torque ripple and other research opportunities to enhance the performance of EVs are also presented.publishedVersio
Advances in the Field of Electrical Machines and Drives
Electrical machines and drives dominate our everyday lives. This is due to their numerous applications in industry, power production, home appliances, and transportation systems such as electric and hybrid electric vehicles, ships, and aircrafts. Their development follows rapid advances in science, engineering, and technology. Researchers around the world are extensively investigating electrical machines and drives because of their reliability, efficiency, performance, and fault-tolerant structure. In particular, there is a focus on the importance of utilizing these new trends in technology for energy saving and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. This Special Issue will provide the platform for researchers to present their recent work on advances in the field of electrical machines and drives, including special machines and their applications; new materials, including the insulation of electrical machines; new trends in diagnostics and condition monitoring; power electronics, control schemes, and algorithms for electrical drives; new topologies; and innovative applications
Autonomous Vehicle and Smart Traffic
Long-term forecasting of technology has become extremely difficult due to the rapid realization of any suggested idea. Communication and software technologies can compensate for the problems that may arise during the transition period between idea generation and realization. However, this rapid process can cause problems for the automotive industry and transportation systems.Autonomous vehicles are currently a hot topic within the transportation sector. This development is related to the compatibility of vehicles of the near future with the development of the infrastructure on which these vehicles will be based. There are certain problems regarding the solutions that are currently being worked on, such as how autonomous should vehicles be, their control mechanisms, driving safety, energy requirements, and environmental use. The problem is not just about the design of autonomous vehicles. The user transportation systems of these vehicles also need problem-free solutions. The problem should not only be seen as financial because sociological effects are an important part of this feature.In this book, valuable research on the modeling, systems, transportation, technological necessity, and logistics of autonomous vehicles is presented. The content of the book will help researchers to create ideas for their future studies and to open up the discussion of autonomous vehicles
Industrial and Technological Applications of Power Electronics Systems
The Special Issue "Industrial and Technological Applications of Power Electronics Systems" focuses on: - new strategies of control for electric machines, including sensorless control and fault diagnosis; - existing and emerging industrial applications of GaN and SiC-based converters; - modern methods for electromagnetic compatibility. The book covers topics such as control systems, fault diagnosis, converters, inverters, and electromagnetic interference in power electronics systems. The Special Issue includes 19 scientific papers by industry experts and worldwide professors in the area of electrical engineering
Advances in Rotating Electric Machines
It is difficult to imagine a modern society without rotating electric machines. Their use has been increasing not only in the traditional fields of application but also in more contemporary fields, including renewable energy conversion systems, electric aircraft, aerospace, electric vehicles, unmanned propulsion systems, robotics, etc. This has contributed to advances in the materials, design methodologies, modeling tools, and manufacturing processes of current electric machines, which are characterized by high compactness, low weight, high power density, high torque density, and high reliability. On the other hand, the growing use of electric machines and drives in more critical applications has pushed forward the research in the area of condition monitoring and fault tolerance, leading to the development of more reliable diagnostic techniques and more fault-tolerant machines. This book presents and disseminates the most recent advances related to the theory, design, modeling, application, control, and condition monitoring of all types of rotating electric machines
The investigation of electromagnetic radial force and associated vibration in permanent magnet synchronous machines
The rising public awareness of climate change and urban air pollution has been one
of the key drivers for transport electrification. Such trend drastically accelerates the
quest for high-power-and-torque-density electric drive systems. The rare-earth permanent
magnet synchronous machine, with its excellent steady-state and dynamic
characteristics, has been the ideal candidate for these applications. Specifically, the
fractional-slot and concentrated-winding configuration is widely adopted due to its
distinctive merits such as short end winding, low torque pulsation, and high efficiency.
The vibration and the associated acoustic noise become one of the main
parasitic issues of high-performance permanent magnet synchronous drives. These
undesirable features mainly arise from mechanical connection failure, imperfect assembly,
torque pulsation, and electromagnetic radial and axial force density waves.
The high-power-and-torque-density requirement will only be ultimately fulfilled by
the reduction of both electromagnetic active material and passive support structure.
This results in inflated electromagnetic force density inside the electric machine.
Besides, the sti.ness of the machine parts can be compromised and the resultant
natural frequencies are significantly brought down. Therefore, the vibration and
acoustic noise that are associated with the electromagnetic radial and axial force
density waves become a burden for large deployment of these drives.
This study is mainly dedicated to the investigation of the electromagnetic radial
forced density and its associated vibration and acoustic noise in radial-flux permanent
magnet synchronous machines. These machines are usually powered by voltage
source inverter with pulse width modulation techniques and various control strategies.
Consequently, the vibration problem not only lies on the permanent magnet
synchronous machine but also highly relates to its drive and controller. Generally,
the electromagnetic radial force density and its relevant vibration can be divided
into low-frequency and high-frequency components based on their origins. The
low-frequency electromagnetic radial force density waves stem from the magnetic
field components by the permanent magnets and armature reaction of fundamental
and phase-belt current harmonic components, while the high-frequency ones are
introduced by the interactions between the main low-frequency and sideband highfrequency
magnetic field components.
Both permanent magnets and armature reaction current are the main sources of
magnetic field in electric machines. Various drive-level modeling techniques are first reviewed, explored, and developed to evaluate the current harmonic components
of the permanent magnet synchronous machine drive. Meanwhile, a simple
yet e.ective analytical model is derived to promptly estimate the sideband current
harmonic components in the drive with both sinusoidal and space-vector pulse
width modulation techniques. An improved analytical method is also proposed to
predict the magnetic field from permanent magnets in interior permanent magnet
synchronous machines. Moreover, a universal permeance model is analytically developed
to obtain the corresponding armature-reaction magnetic field components.
With the permanent magnet and armature-reaction magnetic field components, the
main electromagnetic radial force density components can be identified and estimated
based on Maxwell stress tensor theory.
The stator tooth structure has large impacts on both electromagnetic radial force
density components and mechanical vibration behaviors. The stator tooth modulation
e.ect has been comprehensively demonstrated and explained by both finite
element analysis and experimental results. Analytical models of such e.ect are developed
for prompt evaluation and insightful revelation. Based on the proposed
models, multi-physics approaches are proposed to accurately predict low-frequency
and high-frequency electromagnetic radial vibration. Such method is quite versatile
and applicable for both integral-slot and fractional-slot concentrated-winding
permanent magnet synchronous machines. Comprehensive experimental results are
provided to underpin the validity of the proposed models and methods.
This study commences on the derivations of the drive parameters such as torque angle,
modulation index, and current harmonic components from circuit perspective
and further progresses to evaluate and decouple the air-gap magnetic field components
from field perspective. It carries on to dwell on the analytical estimations of
the main critical electromagnetic radial force density components and stator tooth
modulation e.ect. Based on the stator mechanical structure, the corresponding electromagnetic
radial vibration and acoustic noise can be accurately predicted. Various
analytical models have been developed throughout this study to provide a systematic
tool for quick and e.ective investigation of electromagnetic radial force density,
the associated vibration and acoustic noise in permanent magnet synchronous machine
drive. They have all been rigorously validated by finite element analysis and
experimental results. Besides, this study reveals not only a universal approach for
electromagnetic radial vibration analysis but also insightful correlations from both
machine and drive perspectives